1. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking
hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for
which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: c) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that
can cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
,D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
4. A nurse is administering the first dose of an
antihypertensive medication to a client. Which of the
following is the priority action?
A. Monitor the client’s blood pressure for hypotension.
B. Provide the client with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation.
C. Assess the client for signs of dizziness or
lightheadedness.
D. Ensure the client understands the potential for sexual
dysfunction.
Answer: a) Monitor the client’s blood pressure for
hypotension.
Rationale: The first dose of an antihypertensive medication
can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, so the nurse
should closely monitor the client for hypotension.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of furosemide
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
, D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
6. A nurse is providing education to a client prescribed
atorvastatin. Which of the following statements indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I will avoid grapefruit while taking this medication."
B. "I should report any muscle pain or weakness to my
provider."
C. "I can stop the medication once my cholesterol levels are
normal."
D. "I will have regular liver function tests."
Answer: c) "I can stop the medication once my cholesterol
levels are normal."
Rationale: Atorvastatin should be continued indefinitely to
manage cholesterol levels. Stopping the medication may
lead to an increase in cholesterol levels.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer morphine to a client for
pain management. Which of the following assessments
should the nurse prioritize before administration?
A. Blood glucose level
B. Respiratory rate
C. Liver function tests
D. Kidney function tests
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids like morphine can cause respiratory
depression, so it is crucial to assess the client's respiratory
hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for
which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: c) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that
can cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
,D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
4. A nurse is administering the first dose of an
antihypertensive medication to a client. Which of the
following is the priority action?
A. Monitor the client’s blood pressure for hypotension.
B. Provide the client with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation.
C. Assess the client for signs of dizziness or
lightheadedness.
D. Ensure the client understands the potential for sexual
dysfunction.
Answer: a) Monitor the client’s blood pressure for
hypotension.
Rationale: The first dose of an antihypertensive medication
can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, so the nurse
should closely monitor the client for hypotension.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of furosemide
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
, D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
6. A nurse is providing education to a client prescribed
atorvastatin. Which of the following statements indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I will avoid grapefruit while taking this medication."
B. "I should report any muscle pain or weakness to my
provider."
C. "I can stop the medication once my cholesterol levels are
normal."
D. "I will have regular liver function tests."
Answer: c) "I can stop the medication once my cholesterol
levels are normal."
Rationale: Atorvastatin should be continued indefinitely to
manage cholesterol levels. Stopping the medication may
lead to an increase in cholesterol levels.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer morphine to a client for
pain management. Which of the following assessments
should the nurse prioritize before administration?
A. Blood glucose level
B. Respiratory rate
C. Liver function tests
D. Kidney function tests
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids like morphine can cause respiratory
depression, so it is crucial to assess the client's respiratory
