West Coast EMT Final Prep – Airway questions and solutions

West Coast EMT Final Prep – Airway questions and
solutions

Administration of a nk nk nk




Bronchodilator - correct answersGeneric: Albuterol. Trade: Proventil, Ventolin. Route: MDI-metered dose inhaler. Action:
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Causes bronchodilation and stimulates nervous system. Indications: Asthma, difficulty breathing with wheezing.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, tachycardia, myocardial infarction. Dose: 1-2 inhalations, wait 5 mins between.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Appropriate ventilation rates - correct answersBreathing rate normal: 12-20 bpm. nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




BVM required when breathing is less than or equal to 6 bpm and greater than 33 bpm. Ventilation rate: Adult - 1 breath every
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




6 seconds = 10-12 bpm. Child/Infant - 1 breath every 3-5 seconds = 12-20 bpm
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Assessment and treatment of a patient with a foreign body obstruction - correct answersAssess airway, using appropriate
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




methods: head tilt chin lift vs. jaw thrust maneuver. Assess the exchange of air, any coughing or noisy breathing such as
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




wheezing? Second, if patient can breathe, cough forcefully, or talk, do not interfere with patient's efforts and encourage patie
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




to continue coughing. Stridor and cyanosis, often heard during inspiration, indicates mild upper airway obstruction. Serious
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




airway obstructions occur when the patient cannot breathe, talk, or cough, and clutches their throat with the universal distres
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




signal. Abdominal thrusts are the most effective method of dislodging foreign body. If patient goes unconscious, begin CPR.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




When initial attempts are unsuccessful, begin rapid transport and continue efforts.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Assessment and treatment of asthmatic patient - correct answersCondition caused by acute spasm of of the bronchioles,
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




associated with excessive mucus production and swelling of the mucous lining of respiratory passages. Wheezing is heard
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




and indicative of partial lower airway obstruction. First, assess airway and breathing and listen for wheezing. Second, listen
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




patient they often know what to do. Third, assist with MDI and provide high flow oxygen in the high Fowler's position.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Complications of assisted ventilations - correct answersGastric distention - inflation of the stomach with air, which can lead to
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




emesis.
nk




Determining the appropriate oxygen delivery device based on patient signs, symptoms, and history - correct
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




answersNonrebreathing mask - Patients having or showing signs of hypoxia at a rate 10-15 L/min. Nasal cannula - Used wh
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




patient cannot tolerate mask, but usually not preferred. However when used rate is less than 6 L/min. BVM - Patients that ar
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




apneic/irregular breathing, excessive accessory muscle use/labored breathing/respiratory arrest. Flow rate should be 10-15
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




L/min.
nk




Identification of hypoxia - correct answersCyanosis, labored breathing, excessive accessory muscle use
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Indication and techniques for suctioning - correct answersVomitus/secretions within the oropharynx. Techniques include
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




measuring rigid catheter from corner of mouth to earlobe. Suction in circular motion on the way out for no more than 15 secs
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




the way out for adults, 10 children, 5 baby.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Indication and techniques for using a nasal airway - correct answersUnresponsive/ALOC with an intact gag reflex or patient
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




who will not tolerate an OPA and is unable to maintain their airway spontaneously. Contraindicated with head trauma, blood
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




draining from the nose, and history of fractured nasal bone. Select the bigger nostril, apply water soluble lubrication with bev
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




facing the septum, and measure size from nose to ear lobe.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Indication for oral airway - correct answersUnresponsive without gag reflex or patients ventilated with a BVM. Contraindicate
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




with conscious patients or any patient with a gag reflex. Measure size from corner of mouth to bottom of earlobe.
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




Respiratory assessment - correct answersAirway - open and maintainable, if not provide proper intervention. OPA for
nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk




nknknknknknk nknknknknknk