West Coast EMT FINAL Review questions and solutions
Common signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction include all of the following, EXCEPT:
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A. abdominal cramps.
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B. drying of the eyes.
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C. flushing of the skin.
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D. persistent dry cough. - correct answersB. drying of the eyes.
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All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the:
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A. lips. nk
B. nose. nk
C. anus. nk
D. mouth. - correct answersA. lips.
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Appendicular skeleton consists of - correct answersUpper extremities (clavicles,scapulae,arms,wrists,and hands) and lower
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extremities (pelvis,thighs,legs,ankles, and feet).
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Axial skeleton includes the - correct answersSkull (Cranium, Face), Hyoid bone, Audiotry ossicles, Vertebral column, Thorax
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(Sternum, Ribs)
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After establishing that an adult patient is unresponsive, you should: - correct answersassess for breathing and a pulse
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You receive a call for a 70-year-old female with respiratory distress. Her husband tells you that she has congestive heart
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failure; however, he does not think that she has been taking her medications as prescribed. The patient is laboring to breath
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appears tired, and has cyanosis around her lips. You should: - correct answersassist her ventilations with a bag-valve-mask
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A 67-year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should: -
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correct answersstop the ambulance, begin CPR, and attach the AED as soon as possible.
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While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apne
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After positioning his airway, you should:
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A. categorize him as immediate.
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B. categorize him as deceased.
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C. deliver 5 rescue breaths.
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D. palpate for a carotid pulse. - correct answersD. palpate for a carotid pulse.
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Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) is correct?Select one:
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A. Most patients in V-fib have a weak carotid pulse.
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B. V-fib results in an absence of forward blood flow.
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C. Defibrillation is only indicated for witnessed V-fib.
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D. V-fib is a state of rapid ventricular contraction. - correct answersB. V-fib results in an absence of forward blood flow.
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Which dysrhythmia is the most common cause of sudden death in a cardiovascular emergency?
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A. Bradycardia
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B. Tachycardia
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C. Ventricular tachycardia
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D. Ventricular fibrillation - correct answersD. Ventricular fibrillation
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Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) is MOST correct?
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A. Survival rates decrease by 7% to 10% for each minute that V-fib persists.
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B. AEDs should not be used to defibrillate patients in V-fib.
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,C. It is an uncommon dysrhythmia in patients with sudden cardiac arrest.
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D. The only indication for immediate defibrillation is V-fib. - correct answersA. Survival rates decrease by 7% to 10% for each
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minute that V-fib persists.
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The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it:
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A. pumps blood to the lungs to be reoxygenated.
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B. uses less oxygen than other chambers of the heart.
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C. pumps blood into the aorta and systemic circulation.
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D. receives blood directly from the systemic circulation. - correct answersC. pumps blood into the aorta and systemic
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circulation.
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Electrical pathway of the heart - correct answersSA node nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
Inter-nodal Pathways nk
Av Node nk
Bundle of His nk nk
Left & Right bundle branches nk nk nk nk
Prompt transport of a patient with a suspected AMI is important because: - correct answersthe patient may be eligible to
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receive thrombolytic therapy.
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Ischemic heart disease is MOST accurately defined as: nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
a. decreased blood flow to the heart muscle due to coronary dilation.
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b. decreased blood flow to one or more portions of the myocardium.
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c. absent myocardial blood flow due to a blocked coronary artery.
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d. death of a portion of the heart muscle due to a decrease in oxygen. - correct answersb. decreased blood flow to one or mo
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portions of the myocardium.
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Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. a rapid heart beat causes a decrease in the strength of cardiac contractions.
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B.the volume of blood that returns to the heart is not sufficient with fast heart rates.
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C.as the heart rate increases, more blood is pumped from the ventricles than the atria.
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D. there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely. - correct answersD. there is not enough
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time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely.
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Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
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B. widespread dilation of the systemic vasculature.
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C. hypovolemia secondary to severe vomiting.
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D. a profound increase in the patients heart rate. - correct answersA. decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
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Recommended depth of chest compressions for an infant is nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. at least one fourth the depth of chest (1 inch)
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B. at least one third the depth of chest (1.5 inch)
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C. at least one half the depth of chest (2 inch)
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D. at least two thirds the depth of chest (3 inch) - correct answersB. at least one third the depth of chest (1.5 inch)
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What is the proper compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult two-rescuer CPR? - correct answers30:2
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A 50-year-old male was stung by a honeybee approximately 15 minutes ago. He presents with respiratory distress, facial
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swelling, and hypotension. After placing him on oxygen and administering his epinephrine via auto-injector, you note that his
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breathing has improved. Additionally, his facial swelling is resolving and his blood pressure is stable. Your next action should
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be to: - correct answersrecord the time and dose of the injection and transport promptly.
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Abdominal thrusts in a conscious child or adult with a severe upper airway obstruction are performed: - correct answersuntil
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or she loses consciousness.
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11
Common signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction include all of the following, EXCEPT:
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A. abdominal cramps.
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B. drying of the eyes.
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C. flushing of the skin.
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D. persistent dry cough. - correct answersB. drying of the eyes.
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All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the:
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A. lips. nk
B. nose. nk
C. anus. nk
D. mouth. - correct answersA. lips.
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Appendicular skeleton consists of - correct answersUpper extremities (clavicles,scapulae,arms,wrists,and hands) and lower
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extremities (pelvis,thighs,legs,ankles, and feet).
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Axial skeleton includes the - correct answersSkull (Cranium, Face), Hyoid bone, Audiotry ossicles, Vertebral column, Thorax
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(Sternum, Ribs)
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After establishing that an adult patient is unresponsive, you should: - correct answersassess for breathing and a pulse
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You receive a call for a 70-year-old female with respiratory distress. Her husband tells you that she has congestive heart
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failure; however, he does not think that she has been taking her medications as prescribed. The patient is laboring to breath
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appears tired, and has cyanosis around her lips. You should: - correct answersassist her ventilations with a bag-valve-mask
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A 67-year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should: -
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correct answersstop the ambulance, begin CPR, and attach the AED as soon as possible.
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While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apne
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After positioning his airway, you should:
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A. categorize him as immediate.
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B. categorize him as deceased.
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C. deliver 5 rescue breaths.
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D. palpate for a carotid pulse. - correct answersD. palpate for a carotid pulse.
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Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) is correct?Select one:
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A. Most patients in V-fib have a weak carotid pulse.
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B. V-fib results in an absence of forward blood flow.
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C. Defibrillation is only indicated for witnessed V-fib.
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D. V-fib is a state of rapid ventricular contraction. - correct answersB. V-fib results in an absence of forward blood flow.
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Which dysrhythmia is the most common cause of sudden death in a cardiovascular emergency?
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A. Bradycardia
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B. Tachycardia
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C. Ventricular tachycardia
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D. Ventricular fibrillation - correct answersD. Ventricular fibrillation
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Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) is MOST correct?
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A. Survival rates decrease by 7% to 10% for each minute that V-fib persists.
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B. AEDs should not be used to defibrillate patients in V-fib.
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,C. It is an uncommon dysrhythmia in patients with sudden cardiac arrest.
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D. The only indication for immediate defibrillation is V-fib. - correct answersA. Survival rates decrease by 7% to 10% for each
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minute that V-fib persists.
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The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it:
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A. pumps blood to the lungs to be reoxygenated.
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B. uses less oxygen than other chambers of the heart.
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C. pumps blood into the aorta and systemic circulation.
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D. receives blood directly from the systemic circulation. - correct answersC. pumps blood into the aorta and systemic
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circulation.
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Electrical pathway of the heart - correct answersSA node nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
Inter-nodal Pathways nk
Av Node nk
Bundle of His nk nk
Left & Right bundle branches nk nk nk nk
Prompt transport of a patient with a suspected AMI is important because: - correct answersthe patient may be eligible to
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receive thrombolytic therapy.
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Ischemic heart disease is MOST accurately defined as: nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
a. decreased blood flow to the heart muscle due to coronary dilation.
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b. decreased blood flow to one or more portions of the myocardium.
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c. absent myocardial blood flow due to a blocked coronary artery.
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d. death of a portion of the heart muscle due to a decrease in oxygen. - correct answersb. decreased blood flow to one or mo
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portions of the myocardium.
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Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. a rapid heart beat causes a decrease in the strength of cardiac contractions.
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B.the volume of blood that returns to the heart is not sufficient with fast heart rates.
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C.as the heart rate increases, more blood is pumped from the ventricles than the atria.
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D. there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely. - correct answersD. there is not enough
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time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely.
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Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
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B. widespread dilation of the systemic vasculature.
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C. hypovolemia secondary to severe vomiting.
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D. a profound increase in the patients heart rate. - correct answersA. decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
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Recommended depth of chest compressions for an infant is nk nk nk nk nk nk nk nk
A. at least one fourth the depth of chest (1 inch)
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B. at least one third the depth of chest (1.5 inch)
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C. at least one half the depth of chest (2 inch)
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D. at least two thirds the depth of chest (3 inch) - correct answersB. at least one third the depth of chest (1.5 inch)
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What is the proper compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult two-rescuer CPR? - correct answers30:2
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A 50-year-old male was stung by a honeybee approximately 15 minutes ago. He presents with respiratory distress, facial
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swelling, and hypotension. After placing him on oxygen and administering his epinephrine via auto-injector, you note that his
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breathing has improved. Additionally, his facial swelling is resolving and his blood pressure is stable. Your next action should
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be to: - correct answersrecord the time and dose of the injection and transport promptly.
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Abdominal thrusts in a conscious child or adult with a severe upper airway obstruction are performed: - correct answersuntil
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or she loses consciousness.
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11
