producing goods and services with the minimum of wasted resources while
Lean production maintaining high quality
the use of computer programs to create two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D)
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) graphical representations of physical objects
the use of computer software to control machine tools and related equipment in the
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) manufacturing of components or complete products
the ability of a business to vary both the level of production and the range of
Operational flexibility products following changes in customer demand
Process innovation the use of new or much-improved production methods or service delivery methods
the use of a single computer application to plan the purchase and use of resources
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in an organisation in order to improve operations efficiency
Kaizen a Japanese term meaning continuous improvement
product development organised so that different stages are done at the same time
Simultaneous engineering instead of in sequence
flow production split into self-contained groups that are responsible for a complete
Cell production unit of work
a planning technique that identifies all tasks in a project, puts them in the correct
Critical Path Analysis (CPA) sequence and allows for the identification of the critical path
the diagram used in critical path analysis that shows the logical sequence of
activities and the logical dependencies between them, so the critical path can be
Network diagram identified
the sequence of activities that must be completed on time for the whole project to
Critical path be completed by the agreed date
Earliest start time an activity cannot begin before this time
Latest finish time an activity cannot finish later than this time without delaying a project
the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the whole project
Total float duration
the length of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the start of the
Free float following activities
a device to show logical dependency between activities, but which consume no time
Dummy activities and no resources themselves
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