ESSENTIALS OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY, CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2025.

ESSENTIALS OF ABNORMAL
PSYCHOLOGY, CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS 2025.

psychological disorder - ANSWER: Psychological dysfunction associated with
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distress or impairment in functioning that is not a typical or culturally expected
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response.
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phobia - ANSWER: Psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent
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fear of an object or situation.
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abnormal behavior - ANSWER: Actions that are unexpected and often evaluated
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negatively because they differ from typical or usual behavior.
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psychopathology - ANSWER: Scientific study of psychological disorders.
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scientist-practitioner - ANSWER: Mental health professional expected to apply
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scientifi c methods to his or her work. A scientist-practitioner must know the
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latest research on diagnosis and treatment, must evaluate his or her methods
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for effectiveness, and may generate research to discover information about
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disorders and their treatment.
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presenting problem - ANSWER: Original complaint reported by the client to the
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therapist. The actual treated problem may be a modification derived from the
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presenting problem.
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clinical description - ANSWER: Details of the combination of behaviors, thoughts,
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and feelings of an individual that make up a particular disorder.
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prevalence - ANSWER: Number of people displaying a disorder in the total
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population at any given time (compare with incidence).
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incidence - ANSWER: Number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a
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specific period (compare with prevalence).
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course - ANSWER: Pattern of development and change of a disorder over time.
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prognosis - ANSWER: Predicted development of a disorder over time.
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, etiology - ANSWER: Cause or source of a disorder.
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exorcism - ANSWER: Religious ritual that attributes disordered behavior to
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possession by demons and seeks to treat the individual by driving the demons
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from the body.
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psychosocial treatment - ANSWER: Treatment practices that focus on social and
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cultural factors (such as family experience), as well as psychological influences.
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These approaches include cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal methods.
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moral therapy - ANSWER: Psychosocial approach in the 19th century that
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involved treating patients as normally as possible in normal environments.
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mental hygiene movement - ANSWER: Mid-19th-century effort to improve care of
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the mentally disordered by informing the public of their mistreatment.
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psychoanalysis - ANSWER: Assessment and therapy pioneered by Sigmund
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Freud that emphasizes exploration of, and insight into, unconscious processes
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and conflicts.
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behaviorism - ANSWER: Explanation of human behavior, including dysfunction,
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based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental
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psychology.
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unconscious - ANSWER: Part of the psychic makeup that is outside the
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awareness of the person.
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catharsis - ANSWER: Rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to
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be an important factor in psychoanalytic therapy.
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psychoanalytic model - ANSWER: Complex and comprehensive theory originally
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advanced by Sigmund Freud that seeks to account for the development and
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structure of personality, as well as the origin of abnormal behavior, based
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primarily on inferred inner entities and forces.
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id - ANSWER: In psychoanalysis, the unconscious psychic entity present at birth
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representing basic drives.
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ego - ANSWER: In psychoanalysis, the psychic entity responsible for finding
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realistic and practical ways to satisfy id drives.
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superego - ANSWER: In psychoanalysis, the psychic entity representing the
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internalized moral standards of parents and society.
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intrapsychic conflicts - ANSWER: In psychoanalytic theory, a struggle among the
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id, ego, and superego.
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