IBEC STUDY GUIDE TEST 2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔the philosebaceous unit - ✔✔the hair
✔✔arrector pili muscle - ✔✔an appendage that is attached to the hair follicle
partially responsible for heat regulation
✔✔subcutaneous layer (adipose tissue) - ✔✔a layer of fatty tissue at the base of the
dermis
✔✔layers of the hair - ✔✔1. cuticle (protection)
2. cortext (pigment)
3. medulla (strength of the hair)
✔✔Anagen - ✔✔hair's active growing phase, the hair follicle is at its deepest
✔✔catagen - ✔✔the hair follicle separates from the dermal papilla
shortest growing phase (only a few days-a few weeks)
✔✔telogen - ✔✔resting stage, when papilla reaches the bulge
✔✔functions of the skin (PHRASES) - ✔✔1. protection
2. heat regulation
3. absorption
4. secretion
5. excretion
6. synthesis of vitamin D
✔✔Sebum - ✔✔prevents drying and cracking and prevents bacteria and germs from
entering the skin and the body
✔✔germinal layer (stratum germinativum) - ✔✔contains melanin-producing
melanocytes that protect the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation
✔✔adipose tissue in the subcutis - ✔✔cushions the body from falls, protects against
minor trauma, and provides a source of energy
✔✔heat regulation - ✔✔the body adjusts to counteract environmental changes and to
maintain a safe and appropriate temperature through EVAPORATION,
PERSPIRATION, RADIATION, and INSULATION
✔✔secretion and excretion - ✔✔during perspiration, salts, urea, and other waste
material are excreted through the sudoriferous glands and rise to the surface of the skin
,✔✔sensation - ✔✔the body experiences heat, cold, pain, pressure, and itch
✔✔absorption and penetration - ✔✔the skin can absorb oil- and fat-based substances
to differing levels but not water.
topical creams can be absorbed into the blood supply
✔✔Vasoconstriction - ✔✔narrow, makes smaller, calming (cooling)
✔✔Vasodilation - ✔✔open, widening, irritation, redness
✔✔What does sunlight stimulate? - ✔✔melanocytes to increase pigment production and
more widely disperse their melanosomes
✔✔langerhan calls - ✔✔are dendritic cells in the epidermis that have an immunologic
function.
derived from the bone marrow and constitute about 5% of the cells within the epidermis.
✔✔blood vessels functions - ✔✔nutrition and temperature regulation
✔✔hair growth phase on the scalp - ✔✔anagen: lasts about 6 years
telogen: lasts about 4 months
✔✔photo-aging of the skin - ✔✔sunlight, not just age, is responsible for most features of
"old looking" skin
✔✔Keratosis (red scaly overgrowths) - ✔✔commonly seen in people who have had
years of sun exposure
✔✔Retin-A - ✔✔can smooth away early lesions acting as a skin cancer preventer
should be applied at night
delays aging
large doses is toxic to the liver
✔✔skin cancer - ✔✔most common form of cancer
most curable form of cancer
✔✔metastasis - ✔✔cancer cells break away and spread to different parts of the body
✔✔Malignant melanoma removal - ✔✔the whole lesion is removed surgically and
examined under a microscope
✔✔Warts (verruca) - ✔✔contagious
scratching causing them to spread
, cryosurgery is the most common treatment to remove them
✔✔Type 1 Herpes - ✔✔cold sores/fever blisters around the mouth and anywhere above
the waist
✔✔Type 2 Herpes - ✔✔below the waist and antibodies are found in approximately 1/3
of adults
extremely contagious
✔✔What activates herpes? - ✔✔emotional stress, fatigue, high fevers, colds, menstrual
cycle, and gastrointestinal upset
iodine, caviar, shellfish, nuts, seeds, cheese, and chocolate
✔✔Electrolysis on Accutane - ✔✔postpone electrolysis on the face till 1 month after the
client stops using accutane
✔✔Electrolysis after dermabrasion - ✔✔wait 3 months
✔✔Tetracycline treats - ✔✔1. acne
2. lyme disease
3. Rosacea
NOT a contraindication to perform electrolysis
✔✔Electrolysis after skin grafts - ✔✔2-3+ months after
✔✔Electrolysis after laser - ✔✔at least 2 months
✔✔Electrolysis on Diabetic clients - ✔✔dont work on lower extremities (below the waist)
ask about any circulation problems in their legs or feet
TYPE 1 Diabetes: more apt to circulatory issues than type 2
✔✔hair follicle bugle - ✔✔close to the sebaceous glands, between the permanent hair,
the transient hair, and close to the insertion of the arrector pili muscle to the hair follicle.
LIKELY to control the hair follicle cycle.
✔✔The bulb of the hair follicle - ✔✔the thickest part of the follicle and consists of the
lower third of the follicle
✔✔What happens in the upper part of the bulb? - ✔✔melanocytes supply the cells of
the cortex and medulla with melanin granules to give the hair color.
✔✔Hirsutism - ✔✔excess body hair in women
caused by excess androgens
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔the philosebaceous unit - ✔✔the hair
✔✔arrector pili muscle - ✔✔an appendage that is attached to the hair follicle
partially responsible for heat regulation
✔✔subcutaneous layer (adipose tissue) - ✔✔a layer of fatty tissue at the base of the
dermis
✔✔layers of the hair - ✔✔1. cuticle (protection)
2. cortext (pigment)
3. medulla (strength of the hair)
✔✔Anagen - ✔✔hair's active growing phase, the hair follicle is at its deepest
✔✔catagen - ✔✔the hair follicle separates from the dermal papilla
shortest growing phase (only a few days-a few weeks)
✔✔telogen - ✔✔resting stage, when papilla reaches the bulge
✔✔functions of the skin (PHRASES) - ✔✔1. protection
2. heat regulation
3. absorption
4. secretion
5. excretion
6. synthesis of vitamin D
✔✔Sebum - ✔✔prevents drying and cracking and prevents bacteria and germs from
entering the skin and the body
✔✔germinal layer (stratum germinativum) - ✔✔contains melanin-producing
melanocytes that protect the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation
✔✔adipose tissue in the subcutis - ✔✔cushions the body from falls, protects against
minor trauma, and provides a source of energy
✔✔heat regulation - ✔✔the body adjusts to counteract environmental changes and to
maintain a safe and appropriate temperature through EVAPORATION,
PERSPIRATION, RADIATION, and INSULATION
✔✔secretion and excretion - ✔✔during perspiration, salts, urea, and other waste
material are excreted through the sudoriferous glands and rise to the surface of the skin
,✔✔sensation - ✔✔the body experiences heat, cold, pain, pressure, and itch
✔✔absorption and penetration - ✔✔the skin can absorb oil- and fat-based substances
to differing levels but not water.
topical creams can be absorbed into the blood supply
✔✔Vasoconstriction - ✔✔narrow, makes smaller, calming (cooling)
✔✔Vasodilation - ✔✔open, widening, irritation, redness
✔✔What does sunlight stimulate? - ✔✔melanocytes to increase pigment production and
more widely disperse their melanosomes
✔✔langerhan calls - ✔✔are dendritic cells in the epidermis that have an immunologic
function.
derived from the bone marrow and constitute about 5% of the cells within the epidermis.
✔✔blood vessels functions - ✔✔nutrition and temperature regulation
✔✔hair growth phase on the scalp - ✔✔anagen: lasts about 6 years
telogen: lasts about 4 months
✔✔photo-aging of the skin - ✔✔sunlight, not just age, is responsible for most features of
"old looking" skin
✔✔Keratosis (red scaly overgrowths) - ✔✔commonly seen in people who have had
years of sun exposure
✔✔Retin-A - ✔✔can smooth away early lesions acting as a skin cancer preventer
should be applied at night
delays aging
large doses is toxic to the liver
✔✔skin cancer - ✔✔most common form of cancer
most curable form of cancer
✔✔metastasis - ✔✔cancer cells break away and spread to different parts of the body
✔✔Malignant melanoma removal - ✔✔the whole lesion is removed surgically and
examined under a microscope
✔✔Warts (verruca) - ✔✔contagious
scratching causing them to spread
, cryosurgery is the most common treatment to remove them
✔✔Type 1 Herpes - ✔✔cold sores/fever blisters around the mouth and anywhere above
the waist
✔✔Type 2 Herpes - ✔✔below the waist and antibodies are found in approximately 1/3
of adults
extremely contagious
✔✔What activates herpes? - ✔✔emotional stress, fatigue, high fevers, colds, menstrual
cycle, and gastrointestinal upset
iodine, caviar, shellfish, nuts, seeds, cheese, and chocolate
✔✔Electrolysis on Accutane - ✔✔postpone electrolysis on the face till 1 month after the
client stops using accutane
✔✔Electrolysis after dermabrasion - ✔✔wait 3 months
✔✔Tetracycline treats - ✔✔1. acne
2. lyme disease
3. Rosacea
NOT a contraindication to perform electrolysis
✔✔Electrolysis after skin grafts - ✔✔2-3+ months after
✔✔Electrolysis after laser - ✔✔at least 2 months
✔✔Electrolysis on Diabetic clients - ✔✔dont work on lower extremities (below the waist)
ask about any circulation problems in their legs or feet
TYPE 1 Diabetes: more apt to circulatory issues than type 2
✔✔hair follicle bugle - ✔✔close to the sebaceous glands, between the permanent hair,
the transient hair, and close to the insertion of the arrector pili muscle to the hair follicle.
LIKELY to control the hair follicle cycle.
✔✔The bulb of the hair follicle - ✔✔the thickest part of the follicle and consists of the
lower third of the follicle
✔✔What happens in the upper part of the bulb? - ✔✔melanocytes supply the cells of
the cortex and medulla with melanin granules to give the hair color.
✔✔Hirsutism - ✔✔excess body hair in women
caused by excess androgens
