STRAIGHTERLINE CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY 101 FINAL EXAM
REVIEW UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nineteenth century: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Unilineal cultural evolutionism: Maintains that
all human cultural groups progress through the same phases.
· Biological determinism: Sees genetic differences among races as playing a key role in determining
culture.
The early twentieth century - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Historical particularism: Claims that cultural
change is best studied by examining history.
· Functionalism: Maintains that the development of cultural beliefs and behaviors all serve to address
the basic necessities of humans.
· Structural functionalism: Sees culturally specific items as benefiting the larger social group; sometimes
referred to as social determinism.
· The culture-and-personality approach: Seeks to explain variation in beliefs and behaviors as an
outgrowth of socialization patterns and psychological development.
The mid-twentieth century - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Ethnoscience: The systematic study of
relationships between human cognition and language; focuses on how societies label and classify the
world around them.
· Structuralism: Focuses on universal binaries or oppositional relationships in human thought and social
life, such as light and dark, male and female, and so on.
· Ecological anthropology: Maintains that the environment is the primary factor in shaping culture.
· Cultural ecology: A subset of ecological anthropology that examines technology, adaptation, and
resulting modes of production.
· Multilineal evolutionism: Claims that every society and culture evolves in its own unique progressive
direction.
The late twentieth century and today - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Symbolic anthropology: Studies
how cultures create symbols to direct emotional expression and organize social life.
· Behavioral ecology: Uses evolutionary models to understand humans.
· Cultural materialism: Maintains that the existence of cultural behaviors acts to positively affect the
culture.
, · Postmodernism: Places high importance on the individual and the uniqueness of an individual's forms
of expression.
· Reflexive anthropology: Takes into account the effects of an anthropologist's actions and interactions
when doing field work.
reflexive anthropology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅What is the movement that categorizes
anthropology as both science and humanities?
Biological anthropology and linguistics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅In addition to cultural anthropology
and archaeology, what are the other two subfields of anthropology?
To which of the following groups is an anthropologist ethically responsible? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅The subjects,
None of the above,
The discipline of anthropology,
The public,
All of the above (right answer)
cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anthropologists maintain that putting oneself in the
shoes of the consultant or culture being studied ex:Even though the African American dialect of Ebonics
differs in the grammatical rules of the English that is taught in the American school system, I can
recognize that it is a cultural trait that might work to strengthen the bonds within the African American
community.
ethnocentrism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅minimizes biased results by eliminating the temptation to
judge others by the standards of one's own culture ex: I can recognize the advantages of the African
American dialect of Ebonics, but it is a shame it does not follow the proper grammatical rules of real
English.
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The slow spread of cultural traits outward from a given source
region
REVIEW UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The nineteenth century: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Unilineal cultural evolutionism: Maintains that
all human cultural groups progress through the same phases.
· Biological determinism: Sees genetic differences among races as playing a key role in determining
culture.
The early twentieth century - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Historical particularism: Claims that cultural
change is best studied by examining history.
· Functionalism: Maintains that the development of cultural beliefs and behaviors all serve to address
the basic necessities of humans.
· Structural functionalism: Sees culturally specific items as benefiting the larger social group; sometimes
referred to as social determinism.
· The culture-and-personality approach: Seeks to explain variation in beliefs and behaviors as an
outgrowth of socialization patterns and psychological development.
The mid-twentieth century - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Ethnoscience: The systematic study of
relationships between human cognition and language; focuses on how societies label and classify the
world around them.
· Structuralism: Focuses on universal binaries or oppositional relationships in human thought and social
life, such as light and dark, male and female, and so on.
· Ecological anthropology: Maintains that the environment is the primary factor in shaping culture.
· Cultural ecology: A subset of ecological anthropology that examines technology, adaptation, and
resulting modes of production.
· Multilineal evolutionism: Claims that every society and culture evolves in its own unique progressive
direction.
The late twentieth century and today - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅· Symbolic anthropology: Studies
how cultures create symbols to direct emotional expression and organize social life.
· Behavioral ecology: Uses evolutionary models to understand humans.
· Cultural materialism: Maintains that the existence of cultural behaviors acts to positively affect the
culture.
, · Postmodernism: Places high importance on the individual and the uniqueness of an individual's forms
of expression.
· Reflexive anthropology: Takes into account the effects of an anthropologist's actions and interactions
when doing field work.
reflexive anthropology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅What is the movement that categorizes
anthropology as both science and humanities?
Biological anthropology and linguistics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅In addition to cultural anthropology
and archaeology, what are the other two subfields of anthropology?
To which of the following groups is an anthropologist ethically responsible? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅The subjects,
None of the above,
The discipline of anthropology,
The public,
All of the above (right answer)
cultural relativism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Anthropologists maintain that putting oneself in the
shoes of the consultant or culture being studied ex:Even though the African American dialect of Ebonics
differs in the grammatical rules of the English that is taught in the American school system, I can
recognize that it is a cultural trait that might work to strengthen the bonds within the African American
community.
ethnocentrism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅minimizes biased results by eliminating the temptation to
judge others by the standards of one's own culture ex: I can recognize the advantages of the African
American dialect of Ebonics, but it is a shame it does not follow the proper grammatical rules of real
English.
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The slow spread of cultural traits outward from a given source
region
