BSNC 5000 MODULE 1 PEDIATRICS
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
Infant Cardiovascular - Answer-Peripheral capillaries closer to surface
Slow response to vasoconstriction
More surface area
Higher circulating Blood vol
Incr TBW
Stroke vol limited
More subcutaneous fat
Incr Cardiac output
Myocardium fibers are shorter and elastic
Infant risk due to cardiovascular - Answer-Any blood loss can be significant
Systemic vascular resistance incr as child grows
Limited SV means HR must incr to incr cardiac output
Hard to get vascular access
More susceptible to heat loss and insensible loses
Infant GI - Answer-Thinner abdominal wall
Pyloric sphincter and esophageal sphincter loos
Liver is immature (poorer gluconeogenesis)
High metabolic demand
Fast motility
Organs proportions and placement (liver, spleen, bladder)
Infant risk due to GI - Answer-Less muscles and subcutaneous fat = less protection for
organs (spleen, liver)
Spleen and liver sit below ribs
= incr risk for injury
Hypoglycemia (dbl glucose demands, and poor gluconeogenesis)
Infant GU - Answer-Faster motility
High ECF vol
Renal structure immature
Bladder location intraabdominal
Immature kidneys
Common childhood health problems - Answer-Obesity, diabetes, injury, violence,
mental health
, Infant risk due to GU - Answer-Risk for bladder injury
Prone to dehydration (faster resp, higher surface area)
Smaller bladder = more peeing
Infant muscle-skeletal - Answer-Growth plates not fused
Cartilaginous bones
Lots of blood supply in bones
Infant risk due to muscle-skeletal - Answer-If break in growth plate can impact growth
Likely to have a green stick fracture
Bone healing is faster
SCIWORA is a type of spinal cord injury (walking spinal upper cord), easy to miss
the injury on a CT. More strain on C spine. More elasticity in vertebral ligaments and
weaker muscles in neck.
Latest sign of dehydration - Answer-Low BP
AMPLE - Answer-A-Allergies
M-Medications
P-Past med history
L-Last meal
E-Events leading up to
Assessment for severely inquired child - Answer-I-Identification
M-Mechanism
I-Injuries detected
S-Signs (VS)
T-Treatment
A-Allergies
M-Meds
B-Background conditions
O-Other info
B - Answer-What is the most important growth and development influence?
A. Sleep
B. Nutrient
C. Temp
D. Environment
True - Answer-Children will be normotensive until they have lost 25% of intravascular
vol
True of False?
D - Answer-Due to immature nerve myelination, neonates have:
A. Incr risk of Hypoglycemia
B. Decr risk of seizure disorder
C. Higher pain threshold than adults
D. Lower pain threshold than adults
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
Infant Cardiovascular - Answer-Peripheral capillaries closer to surface
Slow response to vasoconstriction
More surface area
Higher circulating Blood vol
Incr TBW
Stroke vol limited
More subcutaneous fat
Incr Cardiac output
Myocardium fibers are shorter and elastic
Infant risk due to cardiovascular - Answer-Any blood loss can be significant
Systemic vascular resistance incr as child grows
Limited SV means HR must incr to incr cardiac output
Hard to get vascular access
More susceptible to heat loss and insensible loses
Infant GI - Answer-Thinner abdominal wall
Pyloric sphincter and esophageal sphincter loos
Liver is immature (poorer gluconeogenesis)
High metabolic demand
Fast motility
Organs proportions and placement (liver, spleen, bladder)
Infant risk due to GI - Answer-Less muscles and subcutaneous fat = less protection for
organs (spleen, liver)
Spleen and liver sit below ribs
= incr risk for injury
Hypoglycemia (dbl glucose demands, and poor gluconeogenesis)
Infant GU - Answer-Faster motility
High ECF vol
Renal structure immature
Bladder location intraabdominal
Immature kidneys
Common childhood health problems - Answer-Obesity, diabetes, injury, violence,
mental health
, Infant risk due to GU - Answer-Risk for bladder injury
Prone to dehydration (faster resp, higher surface area)
Smaller bladder = more peeing
Infant muscle-skeletal - Answer-Growth plates not fused
Cartilaginous bones
Lots of blood supply in bones
Infant risk due to muscle-skeletal - Answer-If break in growth plate can impact growth
Likely to have a green stick fracture
Bone healing is faster
SCIWORA is a type of spinal cord injury (walking spinal upper cord), easy to miss
the injury on a CT. More strain on C spine. More elasticity in vertebral ligaments and
weaker muscles in neck.
Latest sign of dehydration - Answer-Low BP
AMPLE - Answer-A-Allergies
M-Medications
P-Past med history
L-Last meal
E-Events leading up to
Assessment for severely inquired child - Answer-I-Identification
M-Mechanism
I-Injuries detected
S-Signs (VS)
T-Treatment
A-Allergies
M-Meds
B-Background conditions
O-Other info
B - Answer-What is the most important growth and development influence?
A. Sleep
B. Nutrient
C. Temp
D. Environment
True - Answer-Children will be normotensive until they have lost 25% of intravascular
vol
True of False?
D - Answer-Due to immature nerve myelination, neonates have:
A. Incr risk of Hypoglycemia
B. Decr risk of seizure disorder
C. Higher pain threshold than adults
D. Lower pain threshold than adults
