SPMT 319 test 1

What is socialization? - Correct Ans-active process of learning and social development When does socialization occur? - Correct Ans-1. observe and synthesize information 2. interact with others 3. become familiar with our social worlds 4. make decisions Why do people become/stay involved in sport? - Correct Ans-1. individual characteristics (physical stature, skill motivation) 2. availability of opportunities 3. societal values 4. influence of significant others ideologies - Correct Ans-embody a culture's principles and values (lens through which we see the world) Donnelly and Young's 4 step process of socialization into sport - Correct Ans-1. acquiring knowledge about the sport 2. interacting with people in the sport 3. learning how to participate and what is expected of participants 4. become recognized as an athlete in the sport Coakley and White's factors of participation - Correct Ans-1. connection between sport and life (identity, growth) 2. desire to gain recognition and respect from others 3. social support and access to opportunities and resources 4. past experiences (seeing images on ESPN constantly) negative socialization - Correct Ans-effects are most likely when playing sports limits a person's identity, relationships, and experiences positive socialization - Correct Ans-when playing sports expands or diversifies identity, relationships, and experiences values - Correct Ans-the criteria and ideas by which people evaluate people, actions, behaviors...as to their correctness (how we think ethically/morally) Coakley's 8 American Values - Correct Ans-1. success 2. competition 3. progress 4. materialism 5. external conformity 6. sportsmanship 7. discipline 8. hard work ethics - Correct Ans-set of values and principles by which people live and make decisions ethical dilemma - Correct Ans-conflict involving two or more compelling values or social obligations teleological - Correct Ans-focus on outcome altruism - Correct Ans-focus on others egoism - Correct Ans-focus on self utilitarianism - Correct Ans-focus on making the most people happy deontological - Correct Ans-focus on action, progress Kantianism - Correct Ans-what if everyone else made that decision Golden Rule - Correct Ans-do unto others... egalitarian - Correct Ans-focus on equality Libertarian - Correct Ans-focus on equity, merit sociology - Correct Ans-the study of social worlds and relationships Functionalist theory - Correct Ans-1. what is the role of sport in society? 2. how does sport contribute to our society? 3. what role does sport play in promoting societal values? Interactionist theory - Correct Ans-1. how do people become involved with and experience sport? 2. relationship between participants and spectators 3. how do people create identity and meaning from sport Conflict theory - Correct Ans-1. groups are inherently unequal when it comes to resources (financial, equipment, facilities) 2. how does sport reflect wealth and power Critical theory (Newest) - Correct Ans-1. where does power come from? 2. how does it operate? 3. how does it shift and transfer? 4. does sport reflect power structure or can sport be used as a vehicle for change? 5. most studies from the discrimination of minorities? religion - Correct Ans-set of socially shared beliefs and rituals people accept on faith and use as a source of meaning The ancient olympics - Correct Ans-social and religious gathering (honor zeus) YMCA - Correct Ans-pass on "masculine" Christian values through sport Neo-Liberalism - Correct Ans-1. individualistic, capitalistic, materialistic society 2. focus on competition and winning, getting rewarded or recognized for success parenting growing youth sport - Correct Ans-1. 1970s American nuclear family changes, women enter workforce 2. kids need activity (sport) while adults work trends in youth sport - Correct Ans-1. "performance ethic" 2. pressure to win 3. increasingly privatized 4. parents' extreme involvement 5. alternative and action sports becoming popular issues with youth sport - Correct Ans-1. access 2. physical and emotional damage (get burned out) 3. family dynamics in general high school athletes have: - Correct Ans-1. higher GPAs 2. a more positive attitude towards school 3. higher attendance rates 4. better health 5. more interest in attending college 6. greater career success sports as a mirror to society - Correct Ans-sport can challenge or reproduce social stereotypes race - Correct Ans-a population of people who are believed to be biologically distance from other populations ethnicity - Correct Ans-a cultural heritage that people use to identify a particular population