Orthopedic Nursing Exam with Accurate
Solutions
rheumatoid arthritis - ANS-Multisystem inflammation
extra articular manifestations
40-60 y/o and females (75%) - ANS-typical diagnosis age and gender for RA
typical descriptors of the joint in RA - ANS-laxity, sublaxation, contractures, nodules
ankylosing
Pannus - ANS-an abnormal layer of fibrovascular or granulation tissue over joint tissue,
destroys cartilage
Morning stiffness. Painful, stiff, & swollen joints. Limited range of motion of joints.
History of late afternoon temperature, with temperature spiking up to 105° F. Systemic
symptoms include malaise, fatigue, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, & growth problems.
- ANS-typical symptoms of RA
NSAIDS
DMARDS
Biologic response modifiers (BRMs)
Steroids - ANS-Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment options
disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) - ANS-hydroxychloroquine
Levaquin
methotrexate
minocycline
sulfasalazine
Osteoarthritis - ANS-slow progressive loss of articular cartilage
"not inflammatory"
idiopathic osteoarthritis- old age
secondary osteoarthritis - from previous damage - ANS-2 causes of OA
Cauda Equina Syndrome - ANS-central disc prolapse compressing nerves cutting off
sensation and movement
Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome - ANS-Bladder and bowel incontinence, perineal
numbness, bilateral sciatica, lower limb weakness, crossed straight-leg raisin sign
,degenerative spondylolisthesis - ANS-caused by weakening of joints that allows for
forward slippage of one vertebral segment on one below due to degenerative changes,
most common site is L4/L5, william's flexion exercises may be indicated to strengthen
abs and reduce lumbar lordosis
herniated disc (slipped disc) - ANS-
bulging disc - ANS-c
saddle anesthesia - ANS-loss of sensation restricted to the buttocks, perineum, and
inner thighs
increased risk of falls, risk of depression, activity intolerance , acute/ chronic pain -
ANS-nursing diagnosis examples of degenerative disc disease
no - ANS-is osteoarthritis reversible?
PTH increased, vitamin d decreased - ANS-is PTH and Vit D increased or decreased
usually with OA
OA usually unilateral - ANS-difference between RA and OA pain
Bouchard's nodes - ANS-Osteophytes at the proximal interphalangeal joints(PIP) of
hands
Heberden's nodes - ANS-Swelling of distal interphalangeal finger joints, characteristic of
osteoarthritis
weight bearing xrays - ANS-gold standard diagnosis of osteoarthritis
Weight loss, PT, aerobic exercise, TENS unit therapeutic ultrasound, braces, heat ice -
ANS-nonpharmalogical treatment options of OA
- NSAIDs
- glucosamine
- viscosupplementation (gel injection)
-PRP (platelet rich plasma) - ANS-pharmalogical treatment options of OA
athroscopy - ANS-Less invasive surgery involving the use of a scope, or camera, to see
what is problem inside joints
tibial osteotomy - ANS-A wedge cut into the tibial plateau to correct varus or valgus
deformity.
arthrodesis - ANS-surgical fusion of a joint
, arthroplasty - ANS-surgical repair or replacement of a joint
hip resurfacing - ANS-Placing of metal cap over head of femur to restore function of the
hip
Unicondylar knee replacement - ANS-Is done when a client's joint is diseased in one
compartment of the joint
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty - ANS-- type of shoulder arthroplasty
- rotator cuff is non-reparable
- ball-and-socket are reversed
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty - ANS-Prosthetic replacement of the humeral head and
glenoid cavity.
rheumatic fever - ANS-complication of group A strept
Methotrexate - ANS-first line treatment of RA
diet for gout - ANS-low-purine diet (no fish, beer, organ meats)
ankylosing spondylitis - ANS-a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes
inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
"bamboo spine"
- rheumatoid factor
Abduction - ANS-position post op hip should be in to reduce risk of dislocation
Primary hyperparathyroidism - ANS-Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma, hypercalcemia,
excess removal of ca and phos from bones
adenoma - ANS-noncancerous tumor
Seconday hyperparathyroidism - ANS-occur in pts. who have CKD and so-called "renal
rickets", excess PTH, vit D Deficiency
tertiary hypothyroidism - ANS-results when the hypothalamus gland does not secrete
thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which stimulates the release of TSH. usually post renal
transplant
pseudogout - ANS-Ca pyrophosphate
+ birefringent crystals
rhomboid crystals
MC older pts
Seen equally in both genders
Solutions
rheumatoid arthritis - ANS-Multisystem inflammation
extra articular manifestations
40-60 y/o and females (75%) - ANS-typical diagnosis age and gender for RA
typical descriptors of the joint in RA - ANS-laxity, sublaxation, contractures, nodules
ankylosing
Pannus - ANS-an abnormal layer of fibrovascular or granulation tissue over joint tissue,
destroys cartilage
Morning stiffness. Painful, stiff, & swollen joints. Limited range of motion of joints.
History of late afternoon temperature, with temperature spiking up to 105° F. Systemic
symptoms include malaise, fatigue, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, & growth problems.
- ANS-typical symptoms of RA
NSAIDS
DMARDS
Biologic response modifiers (BRMs)
Steroids - ANS-Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment options
disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) - ANS-hydroxychloroquine
Levaquin
methotrexate
minocycline
sulfasalazine
Osteoarthritis - ANS-slow progressive loss of articular cartilage
"not inflammatory"
idiopathic osteoarthritis- old age
secondary osteoarthritis - from previous damage - ANS-2 causes of OA
Cauda Equina Syndrome - ANS-central disc prolapse compressing nerves cutting off
sensation and movement
Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome - ANS-Bladder and bowel incontinence, perineal
numbness, bilateral sciatica, lower limb weakness, crossed straight-leg raisin sign
,degenerative spondylolisthesis - ANS-caused by weakening of joints that allows for
forward slippage of one vertebral segment on one below due to degenerative changes,
most common site is L4/L5, william's flexion exercises may be indicated to strengthen
abs and reduce lumbar lordosis
herniated disc (slipped disc) - ANS-
bulging disc - ANS-c
saddle anesthesia - ANS-loss of sensation restricted to the buttocks, perineum, and
inner thighs
increased risk of falls, risk of depression, activity intolerance , acute/ chronic pain -
ANS-nursing diagnosis examples of degenerative disc disease
no - ANS-is osteoarthritis reversible?
PTH increased, vitamin d decreased - ANS-is PTH and Vit D increased or decreased
usually with OA
OA usually unilateral - ANS-difference between RA and OA pain
Bouchard's nodes - ANS-Osteophytes at the proximal interphalangeal joints(PIP) of
hands
Heberden's nodes - ANS-Swelling of distal interphalangeal finger joints, characteristic of
osteoarthritis
weight bearing xrays - ANS-gold standard diagnosis of osteoarthritis
Weight loss, PT, aerobic exercise, TENS unit therapeutic ultrasound, braces, heat ice -
ANS-nonpharmalogical treatment options of OA
- NSAIDs
- glucosamine
- viscosupplementation (gel injection)
-PRP (platelet rich plasma) - ANS-pharmalogical treatment options of OA
athroscopy - ANS-Less invasive surgery involving the use of a scope, or camera, to see
what is problem inside joints
tibial osteotomy - ANS-A wedge cut into the tibial plateau to correct varus or valgus
deformity.
arthrodesis - ANS-surgical fusion of a joint
, arthroplasty - ANS-surgical repair or replacement of a joint
hip resurfacing - ANS-Placing of metal cap over head of femur to restore function of the
hip
Unicondylar knee replacement - ANS-Is done when a client's joint is diseased in one
compartment of the joint
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty - ANS-- type of shoulder arthroplasty
- rotator cuff is non-reparable
- ball-and-socket are reversed
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty - ANS-Prosthetic replacement of the humeral head and
glenoid cavity.
rheumatic fever - ANS-complication of group A strept
Methotrexate - ANS-first line treatment of RA
diet for gout - ANS-low-purine diet (no fish, beer, organ meats)
ankylosing spondylitis - ANS-a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes
inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
"bamboo spine"
- rheumatoid factor
Abduction - ANS-position post op hip should be in to reduce risk of dislocation
Primary hyperparathyroidism - ANS-Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma, hypercalcemia,
excess removal of ca and phos from bones
adenoma - ANS-noncancerous tumor
Seconday hyperparathyroidism - ANS-occur in pts. who have CKD and so-called "renal
rickets", excess PTH, vit D Deficiency
tertiary hypothyroidism - ANS-results when the hypothalamus gland does not secrete
thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which stimulates the release of TSH. usually post renal
transplant
pseudogout - ANS-Ca pyrophosphate
+ birefringent crystals
rhomboid crystals
MC older pts
Seen equally in both genders
