NURS 5450 Exam 1 - Body Temperature Regulation:
Questions Correctly Answered By Expert
Hypothermia is defined as _______. Correct Answer - Temperature < 36
degrees Celsius (96.8 F)
What is normal core body temperature? Correct Answer - 37 * C (98.6 *F)
How does body temperature vary throughout the day (Diurnal Variation)?
Correct Answer - • Low: early AM
• High: early evening
Elderly people tend to have a temperature that is _____ lower than younger
people. Correct Answer - 0.5*C
What are the mechanisms of heat loss? Correct Answer - • Radiation
• Conduction
• Convection
• Evaporation
• Skin is a significant way to dissipate or lose heat
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Hypothermic v Non-hypothermic (image) Correct Answer -
What accounts for 60%-70% of the bodyʼs
heat loss to the environment? Correct Answer - Radiation
How does radiation occur? Correct Answer - Occurs via infrared radiation
What does infared radiation result in? Correct Answer - • Loss of body
heat to cooler objects in the room
• No physical contact with objects required for radiant heat loss to occur
, What is the major source of heat loss especially in OR? Correct Answer -
Radiation heat loss (patient unclothed, transfer of hear from body to room)
- Prevent it by simple covering (blankets) or heating surrounding surfaces
What is conduction heat loss? Correct Answer - • Loss of heat from one
surface to another adjacent surface
• Heat lost to cooler objects the body is touching (OR table, wet skin increases
loss 25-fold)
1L crystalloid infused at room temperature (20* C) causes patient to expend
_____ to warm the fluid to 37*C. Correct Answer - 15 kcal
How do blood products affect patient temperature? Correct Answer - - Via
conduction heat loss:
- 30 kcal to increase temperature of unit of transfused blood from 4. C to 37. C
- Infusion of 2 units of cold blood can decrease core temp by almost 1* C
What is convection heat loss? Correct Answer - - 2nd major source of heat
loss
- Loss of heat to air currents flowing over the body
- Wind-chill effect
- Difference between skin and air temperatures multiplied by square root of
air speed
• Air movement actually decreases heat buildup near skin surface, heat is not
only
transferred but displaced.
Which factors affect the magnitude of loss via evaporation? Correct Answer
- • Humidity
• Exposed skin surface area
• Diaphoresis, wound and bowel exposure
• Application of fluid to skin, i.e. prep solutions
What is evaporative heat loss? Correct Answer - • Loss from sweating,
insensible fluid losses, airway humidification of dry gases, evaporation from
large wound surfaces
• Losses from extensive wounds can become significant
Questions Correctly Answered By Expert
Hypothermia is defined as _______. Correct Answer - Temperature < 36
degrees Celsius (96.8 F)
What is normal core body temperature? Correct Answer - 37 * C (98.6 *F)
How does body temperature vary throughout the day (Diurnal Variation)?
Correct Answer - • Low: early AM
• High: early evening
Elderly people tend to have a temperature that is _____ lower than younger
people. Correct Answer - 0.5*C
What are the mechanisms of heat loss? Correct Answer - • Radiation
• Conduction
• Convection
• Evaporation
• Skin is a significant way to dissipate or lose heat
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Mechanisms of Heat Loss (image) Correct Answer -
Hypothermic v Non-hypothermic (image) Correct Answer -
What accounts for 60%-70% of the bodyʼs
heat loss to the environment? Correct Answer - Radiation
How does radiation occur? Correct Answer - Occurs via infrared radiation
What does infared radiation result in? Correct Answer - • Loss of body
heat to cooler objects in the room
• No physical contact with objects required for radiant heat loss to occur
, What is the major source of heat loss especially in OR? Correct Answer -
Radiation heat loss (patient unclothed, transfer of hear from body to room)
- Prevent it by simple covering (blankets) or heating surrounding surfaces
What is conduction heat loss? Correct Answer - • Loss of heat from one
surface to another adjacent surface
• Heat lost to cooler objects the body is touching (OR table, wet skin increases
loss 25-fold)
1L crystalloid infused at room temperature (20* C) causes patient to expend
_____ to warm the fluid to 37*C. Correct Answer - 15 kcal
How do blood products affect patient temperature? Correct Answer - - Via
conduction heat loss:
- 30 kcal to increase temperature of unit of transfused blood from 4. C to 37. C
- Infusion of 2 units of cold blood can decrease core temp by almost 1* C
What is convection heat loss? Correct Answer - - 2nd major source of heat
loss
- Loss of heat to air currents flowing over the body
- Wind-chill effect
- Difference between skin and air temperatures multiplied by square root of
air speed
• Air movement actually decreases heat buildup near skin surface, heat is not
only
transferred but displaced.
Which factors affect the magnitude of loss via evaporation? Correct Answer
- • Humidity
• Exposed skin surface area
• Diaphoresis, wound and bowel exposure
• Application of fluid to skin, i.e. prep solutions
What is evaporative heat loss? Correct Answer - • Loss from sweating,
insensible fluid losses, airway humidification of dry gases, evaporation from
large wound surfaces
• Losses from extensive wounds can become significant
