SPARKLING WSET 4 EXAM WITH ALL NEEDED TO PASS
1.1.1 bNatural bfactors: bCool bclimates bwhere bgrapes bstruggle bto bripen
bare bideal bfor bsparkling bwines.
The bgrapes bare bjust-ripe bin bflavour, bbut bretain bthe bacidity brequired
bfor bhigh-quality bsparkling bwines. bSugar baccumulates bslowly, bgiving
bwines bwith blow balcohol b(around b9-11 bper bcent). bThis bis bnecessary
bbecause bthe bsecond bfermentation bused bin bmany bmethods bof bmaking
bsparkling bwines bproduces ban badditional b1-2% babv.
2.1.1 bWhere bgrapes bgrow bin bgeneral b?: bGrapes bfor bsparkling bwine
btherefore btend bto bbe bgrown bin bregions bthat bare bat bgreater blatitudes,
bsuch bas bChampagne, bEngland bor bTasmania,
or bthat bhave blocal bcooling binfluences, bsuch bas bthose bnear bto bthe
bcoast b(Sonoma) bor bat bhigh baltitude b(Trentodoc).
3.1.1 bWhat babout bwarmer bsites b?: bIn bwarmer bareas, bthe bgrapes btend bto
bhave briper bfruit bflavours band blower bacidity bcompared bto bgrapes
bgrown bin bcooler bsites.
This bmay bbe bdesirable bfor bshort-aged bwines b(e.g. bthose bmade bby btank
bmethod bor bwith bshort btime bon bthe blees bin btransfer bor btraditional
bmethod), bas bthe bfruit bwill bprovide bthe bonly bor bdominant bflavours.
4.1.1 bIs bfruit bflavours bimportant bin bthe bmaking bof ba bgreat bSparkling b?:
bHowever, bto bmake belegant, bbalanced, blong-lees-aged bsparkling bwines
bless bintense bfruit bflavours bare busually bpreferable.
Less bexpensive bsparkling bwines bmay bbe bgrown bin bareas bwhere bland bis
bcheaper band beasier bto bcultivate, bfor bexample bon bflat, bfertile bplains. bIn
bsome bcases, bgrapes bfor bsparkling bwines bare bgrown bin bplaces bthat bare
bsimply bless bsuitable bor bunsuitable bfor bstill bwines b(grapes bwould bnot
1 b/
b27
,bachieve bthe bconcentration band/or bripeness bneeded bfor bgood-quality
bstill bwines).
5.1.2 bChardonnay badvantages bin bproduction b?: bChardonnay
This bvariety bis bwell bsuited bto bthe bproduction bof bautolytic bstyles bof
bsparkling bwines; b its bsubtle bapple band bcitrus baromas band bflavours
bcompliment brather bthan bcompete bwith bthe bbiscuity baromas bfrom
byeast bautolysis b(the bbreaking bdown bof bdead bcells, bsee bbelow).
Its bearly bripening bis ban basset bin bcool bconditions band bit balso bretains
bthe bhigh blevels bof bacidity band blow blevels bof balcohol bneeded bin
bsparkling bwines bwhile bavoiding bunder-ripe bflavours.
6.Most bcommon bgrapes bfor bsparkling b?: bThe bmost bcommonly bused
bgrape bvari- beties bfor bmaking bpremium band bsuper-premium bsparkling
bwines bare bChardonnay band bPinot bNoir.
7.Chardonnay bcons b?: bHowever, bbeing bearly bbudding, bit bis
bvulnerable bto bspring bfrosts.
It bis balso bprone bto bcoulure band bmillerandage.
It bhas bmore bdisease bresistance bthan bPinot bNoir, bbut bis bsusceptible bto
bpowdery bmildew,
2 b/
b27
, grapevine byellows band bto bbotrytis bbunch brot bin bwet bperiods bbefore
bharvest. bYields bcan bbe bhigh bin bthe bbest byears bwithout bloss bof bquality,
bmaking bthis ban battractive boption bfor bgrowers.
8.Pinot bnoir b+: bPinot bNoir
This bvariety bis balso ban bearly bbudding band bearly bripening bvariety band bis
btherefore bsuited bto ba bcool bclimate. bBeing bearly bbudding balso bmakes bit
bprone bto bspring bfrosts. bIt bis bprone bto bcoulure. bThe byields bare bmore
bmoderate bthan bChardonnay band bthe bquality bdrops bif bthe byield blevel bis
btoo bhigh. bIt bis bthin bskinned band bmore bdisease bprone b(downy bmildew
bespecially, bpowdery bmildew, bbotrytis bbunch brot, bfan bleaf band bleaf
broll). bIt blends bbody bto bthe bblend.
Chardonnay band bPinot bNoir bare bused bto bproduce bsparkling bwines bin
bwine bregions bacross bthe bworld. bHowever, bother bsparkling bwines bare
bmade bfrom bgrape bvarieties bthat bare blocal bto btheir bregion, bfor bexample
bMacabeo, bXarel-lo band bParellada bin bCava, bor bGlera bin bProsecco.
bFactors bwithin bthe bgrape bvariety bthat bcan binfluence bthe bstyle bof bthe
bwine bare:
intensity bof baromas b(aromatic bor bneutral bgrape
bvariety) bability bto bretain bacidity bwhile bripening
how bthe bbase bwine bresponds bto bautolysis bwhere bapplicable, bfor bexample
bChardonnay bbecomes bcreamy, bwhereas bXarel-lo bbecomes btoasty band
bsmoky.
9.Chardonnay band bpinot bNoir band bother bgrapes: bChardonnay band bPinot
bNoir bare bused bto bproduce bsparkling bwines bin bwine bregions bacross bthe
bworld. bHowever, bother bsparkling bwines bare bmade bfrom bgrape
bvarieties bthat bare blocal bto btheir bregion, bfor bexample bMacabeo, bXarel-
lo band bParellada bin bCava, bor bGlera bin bProsecco.
10.Factors bwithin bthe bgrape bvariety bthat bcan binfluence bthe bstyle bof bthe
bwine bare:: bintensity bof baromas b(aromatic bor bneutral bgrape bvariety)
ability bto bretain bacidity bwhile bripening
how bthe bbase bwine bresponds bto bautolysis bwhere bapplicable, bfor bexample
bChardonnay bbecomes bcreamy, bwhereas bXarel-lo bbecomes btoasty band
bsmoky.
11.GRAPE bGROWING bimpact bof byields b?: bGRAPE bGROWING
Grapes bfor bsparkling bwines bare boften bgrown bat bhigher byields bthan bfor
bstill bwines.
-High bacid blevels
3 b/
b27
1.1.1 bNatural bfactors: bCool bclimates bwhere bgrapes bstruggle bto bripen
bare bideal bfor bsparkling bwines.
The bgrapes bare bjust-ripe bin bflavour, bbut bretain bthe bacidity brequired
bfor bhigh-quality bsparkling bwines. bSugar baccumulates bslowly, bgiving
bwines bwith blow balcohol b(around b9-11 bper bcent). bThis bis bnecessary
bbecause bthe bsecond bfermentation bused bin bmany bmethods bof bmaking
bsparkling bwines bproduces ban badditional b1-2% babv.
2.1.1 bWhere bgrapes bgrow bin bgeneral b?: bGrapes bfor bsparkling bwine
btherefore btend bto bbe bgrown bin bregions bthat bare bat bgreater blatitudes,
bsuch bas bChampagne, bEngland bor bTasmania,
or bthat bhave blocal bcooling binfluences, bsuch bas bthose bnear bto bthe
bcoast b(Sonoma) bor bat bhigh baltitude b(Trentodoc).
3.1.1 bWhat babout bwarmer bsites b?: bIn bwarmer bareas, bthe bgrapes btend bto
bhave briper bfruit bflavours band blower bacidity bcompared bto bgrapes
bgrown bin bcooler bsites.
This bmay bbe bdesirable bfor bshort-aged bwines b(e.g. bthose bmade bby btank
bmethod bor bwith bshort btime bon bthe blees bin btransfer bor btraditional
bmethod), bas bthe bfruit bwill bprovide bthe bonly bor bdominant bflavours.
4.1.1 bIs bfruit bflavours bimportant bin bthe bmaking bof ba bgreat bSparkling b?:
bHowever, bto bmake belegant, bbalanced, blong-lees-aged bsparkling bwines
bless bintense bfruit bflavours bare busually bpreferable.
Less bexpensive bsparkling bwines bmay bbe bgrown bin bareas bwhere bland bis
bcheaper band beasier bto bcultivate, bfor bexample bon bflat, bfertile bplains. bIn
bsome bcases, bgrapes bfor bsparkling bwines bare bgrown bin bplaces bthat bare
bsimply bless bsuitable bor bunsuitable bfor bstill bwines b(grapes bwould bnot
1 b/
b27
,bachieve bthe bconcentration band/or bripeness bneeded bfor bgood-quality
bstill bwines).
5.1.2 bChardonnay badvantages bin bproduction b?: bChardonnay
This bvariety bis bwell bsuited bto bthe bproduction bof bautolytic bstyles bof
bsparkling bwines; b its bsubtle bapple band bcitrus baromas band bflavours
bcompliment brather bthan bcompete bwith bthe bbiscuity baromas bfrom
byeast bautolysis b(the bbreaking bdown bof bdead bcells, bsee bbelow).
Its bearly bripening bis ban basset bin bcool bconditions band bit balso bretains
bthe bhigh blevels bof bacidity band blow blevels bof balcohol bneeded bin
bsparkling bwines bwhile bavoiding bunder-ripe bflavours.
6.Most bcommon bgrapes bfor bsparkling b?: bThe bmost bcommonly bused
bgrape bvari- beties bfor bmaking bpremium band bsuper-premium bsparkling
bwines bare bChardonnay band bPinot bNoir.
7.Chardonnay bcons b?: bHowever, bbeing bearly bbudding, bit bis
bvulnerable bto bspring bfrosts.
It bis balso bprone bto bcoulure band bmillerandage.
It bhas bmore bdisease bresistance bthan bPinot bNoir, bbut bis bsusceptible bto
bpowdery bmildew,
2 b/
b27
, grapevine byellows band bto bbotrytis bbunch brot bin bwet bperiods bbefore
bharvest. bYields bcan bbe bhigh bin bthe bbest byears bwithout bloss bof bquality,
bmaking bthis ban battractive boption bfor bgrowers.
8.Pinot bnoir b+: bPinot bNoir
This bvariety bis balso ban bearly bbudding band bearly bripening bvariety band bis
btherefore bsuited bto ba bcool bclimate. bBeing bearly bbudding balso bmakes bit
bprone bto bspring bfrosts. bIt bis bprone bto bcoulure. bThe byields bare bmore
bmoderate bthan bChardonnay band bthe bquality bdrops bif bthe byield blevel bis
btoo bhigh. bIt bis bthin bskinned band bmore bdisease bprone b(downy bmildew
bespecially, bpowdery bmildew, bbotrytis bbunch brot, bfan bleaf band bleaf
broll). bIt blends bbody bto bthe bblend.
Chardonnay band bPinot bNoir bare bused bto bproduce bsparkling bwines bin
bwine bregions bacross bthe bworld. bHowever, bother bsparkling bwines bare
bmade bfrom bgrape bvarieties bthat bare blocal bto btheir bregion, bfor bexample
bMacabeo, bXarel-lo band bParellada bin bCava, bor bGlera bin bProsecco.
bFactors bwithin bthe bgrape bvariety bthat bcan binfluence bthe bstyle bof bthe
bwine bare:
intensity bof baromas b(aromatic bor bneutral bgrape
bvariety) bability bto bretain bacidity bwhile bripening
how bthe bbase bwine bresponds bto bautolysis bwhere bapplicable, bfor bexample
bChardonnay bbecomes bcreamy, bwhereas bXarel-lo bbecomes btoasty band
bsmoky.
9.Chardonnay band bpinot bNoir band bother bgrapes: bChardonnay band bPinot
bNoir bare bused bto bproduce bsparkling bwines bin bwine bregions bacross bthe
bworld. bHowever, bother bsparkling bwines bare bmade bfrom bgrape
bvarieties bthat bare blocal bto btheir bregion, bfor bexample bMacabeo, bXarel-
lo band bParellada bin bCava, bor bGlera bin bProsecco.
10.Factors bwithin bthe bgrape bvariety bthat bcan binfluence bthe bstyle bof bthe
bwine bare:: bintensity bof baromas b(aromatic bor bneutral bgrape bvariety)
ability bto bretain bacidity bwhile bripening
how bthe bbase bwine bresponds bto bautolysis bwhere bapplicable, bfor bexample
bChardonnay bbecomes bcreamy, bwhereas bXarel-lo bbecomes btoasty band
bsmoky.
11.GRAPE bGROWING bimpact bof byields b?: bGRAPE bGROWING
Grapes bfor bsparkling bwines bare boften bgrown bat bhigher byields bthan bfor
bstill bwines.
-High bacid blevels
3 b/
b27
