TEST BANK g
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
g g g g g g
And Children
g g
8THEDITION BY KATHRYN L.
g g g g
g MCCANCE
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
BANK
g
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
g g g
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
g g g g g
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
g g g g g g
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
g g g g
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
g g g g g g g
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
g g g
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
g g g g g g
Chapter 10: Infection
g g
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
g g g g
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology
g g g
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology
g g g
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children
g g g g
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
g g g g g
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
g g g g g
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
g g g g g g
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
g g g g g g g
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
g g g g g g g
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections
g g g g
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
g g g g g g g
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
g g g g g
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function
g g g g g
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
g g g g g
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
g g g g g
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
g g g g g g g g g g
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES
g g g g g g g g
Unit I: THE CELL
g g g g
CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE g
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Cells can produce proteins. g g g
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. g g g g
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. g g g g g g
d. Cells can synthesize fats. g g g
ANS: C g
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gsurroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
g g g g g g g g g g g g
gabsorption.
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C g
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
g g g g g g g g g g g
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function
g g g g g g g g g g g g
as the intracellular digestive system.
g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
g hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
g g g g g g g g
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B g
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
g g g g g g g g g g g g
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
g g g g g g g g g g
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids,
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cellular membrane.
g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex g
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum g g
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D g
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
g g g g g g g g g g g g
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
removing toxic substances from the cell.
g g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
g g g g g g g
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction g g g g g g
b. Secretion of cortisol g g
c. Increased retention of water g g g
d. Breakdown of fat g g
ANS: C g
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
g g g g g g g g g g g g
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
g g g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
g g g g g g g g g
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
g g g g g g
And Children
g g
8THEDITION BY KATHRYN L.
g g g g
g MCCANCE
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
BANK
g
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
g g g
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
g g g g g
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
g g g g g g
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
g g g g
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
g g g g g g g
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
g g g
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
g g g g g g
Chapter 10: Infection
g g
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
g g g g
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology
g g g
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology
g g g
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children
g g g g
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
g g g g g
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
g g g g g
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
g g g g g g
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
g g g g g g g
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
g g g g g g g
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections
g g g g
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
g g g g g g g
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
g g g g g
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function
g g g g g
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
g g g g g
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
g g g g g
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
g g g g g g g g
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children
g g g g g g g
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
g g g g g g g g g g
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES
g g g g g g g g
Unit I: THE CELL
g g g g
CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE g
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Cells can produce proteins. g g g
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. g g g g
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. g g g g g g
d. Cells can synthesize fats. g g g
ANS: C g
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gsurroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
g g g g g g g g g g g g
gabsorption.
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C g
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
g g g g g g g g g g g
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function
g g g g g g g g g g g g
as the intracellular digestive system.
g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
g hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
g g g g g g g g
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B g
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
g g g g g g g g g g g g
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
g g g g g g g g g g
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids,
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cellular membrane.
g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex g
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum g g
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D g
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
g g g g g g g g g g g g
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
removing toxic substances from the cell.
g g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
g g g g g g g
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction g g g g g g
b. Secretion of cortisol g g
c. Increased retention of water g g g
d. Breakdown of fat g g
ANS: C g
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
g g g g g g g g g g g g
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
g g g g g g g
PTS: g g 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering g g
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
g g g g g g g g g
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
