AAPD QE Board Exam
What is the heart rate of a healthy 4 year old? 10 year old? - ANSWER-4 year old: 100
bpm
10 year old: 90 bpm
How big should a blood pressure cuff be? - ANSWER-2/3 upper arm length
(Small gives high reading, large gives low reading)
What 4 ways is the airway anatomy different in children than adults? - ANSWER-1.
Narrow trachea, glottis, nasal passages
2. Larger tongue, epiglottis
3. Small mandible
4. Increased airway resistance
What are the specific requirements for moderate sedation rescue? - ANSWER-Bag-
valve-mask ventilation
Advanced pediatric airway skills training
ASA I - ASA VI - ANSWER-ASA I: Normal, healthy patient
ASA II: Mild systemic disease (controlled asthma, pregnant women)
ASA III: Severe systemic disease (wheezing child)
ASAS IV: Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
ASA V: Moribund patient not expected to survive the operation
ASA VI: Braid dead
What are the three morphologic stages of a developing tooth bud? - ANSWER-Bud
stage
Cap stage
,Bell stage
During the bell stage invagination of the epithelium occurs, which layer is essential for
enamel production? - ANSWER-Stratum intermedium
Which cells does the stellate reticulum support and protect? - ANSWER-Ameloblasts
What do remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath persist as? - ANSWER-Rests of
Malassez
What is the origin of the dental papilla? - ANSWER-Neural crest cells
What layer do neural crest cells develop from? - ANSWER-Ectoderm
At what embryonic age does the dental lamina begin to develop? - ANSWER-6 weeks
What are the three components of the tooth bud? - ANSWER-Enamel Organ
Dental papilla
Dental sac
What does the dental papilla differentiate in to? - ANSWER-Dentin and primordium of
pulp
What are enamel pearls? - ANSWER-Cells of epithelial root sheath that remain
attached to dentin. Differentiate into ameloblasts and produce enamel
What are the 7 steps (in order) of histophyisological differentiation of a tooth bud? -
ANSWER-Initiation
Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Apposition
Mineralization
Maturation
During which stage of tooth development may problems that lead to anomalies of tooth
number occur? - ANSWER-Initiation
Which three stages of tooth development encompasses the bud, cap, early bell and late
bell? - ANSWER-Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
, Disruptions of proliferation may result in what type of tooth anomalies? (4) - ANSWER-
Size
Proportion
Numbers
Twinning
Which stage of tooth development may lead to anomalies of the enamel, dentin, and
cementum? - ANSWER-Morphodifferentiation
What is the incidence of hyperdontia? Males vs females? - ANSWER-0.3 - 3%
Males 2:1 females
Is hyperdontia more common in maxilla or mandible? More common in primary teeth or
permanent teeth? - ANSWER-Maxilla 90%
Permanent dentition 5x more common that primary
Which permanent teeth are most frequently missing? List in order from most to least
common - ANSWER-Third molars
Mandibular second pre molars
Maxillary lateral incisors
Maxillary second pre molars
Name 9 syndromes that may be associated with supernumerary teeth - ANSWER-Apert
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Gardner syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Sturge Weber syndrome
Orofacialdigital Syndrome I
Hallermann-Strieff Syndrome - A
Cleft lip and palate
Down syndrome
Which syndrome is associated with shovel shaped incisors?
A. Sturge Weber Syndrome
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Apert syndrome
D. Hallermann Strieff Syndrome-A - ANSWER-C. Apert Syndrome
Narrow high palate
Cleft of soft palate
Delayed or ectopic eruption
Shovel shaped incisors
Hypoplastic midface
Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?
What is the heart rate of a healthy 4 year old? 10 year old? - ANSWER-4 year old: 100
bpm
10 year old: 90 bpm
How big should a blood pressure cuff be? - ANSWER-2/3 upper arm length
(Small gives high reading, large gives low reading)
What 4 ways is the airway anatomy different in children than adults? - ANSWER-1.
Narrow trachea, glottis, nasal passages
2. Larger tongue, epiglottis
3. Small mandible
4. Increased airway resistance
What are the specific requirements for moderate sedation rescue? - ANSWER-Bag-
valve-mask ventilation
Advanced pediatric airway skills training
ASA I - ASA VI - ANSWER-ASA I: Normal, healthy patient
ASA II: Mild systemic disease (controlled asthma, pregnant women)
ASA III: Severe systemic disease (wheezing child)
ASAS IV: Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
ASA V: Moribund patient not expected to survive the operation
ASA VI: Braid dead
What are the three morphologic stages of a developing tooth bud? - ANSWER-Bud
stage
Cap stage
,Bell stage
During the bell stage invagination of the epithelium occurs, which layer is essential for
enamel production? - ANSWER-Stratum intermedium
Which cells does the stellate reticulum support and protect? - ANSWER-Ameloblasts
What do remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath persist as? - ANSWER-Rests of
Malassez
What is the origin of the dental papilla? - ANSWER-Neural crest cells
What layer do neural crest cells develop from? - ANSWER-Ectoderm
At what embryonic age does the dental lamina begin to develop? - ANSWER-6 weeks
What are the three components of the tooth bud? - ANSWER-Enamel Organ
Dental papilla
Dental sac
What does the dental papilla differentiate in to? - ANSWER-Dentin and primordium of
pulp
What are enamel pearls? - ANSWER-Cells of epithelial root sheath that remain
attached to dentin. Differentiate into ameloblasts and produce enamel
What are the 7 steps (in order) of histophyisological differentiation of a tooth bud? -
ANSWER-Initiation
Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Apposition
Mineralization
Maturation
During which stage of tooth development may problems that lead to anomalies of tooth
number occur? - ANSWER-Initiation
Which three stages of tooth development encompasses the bud, cap, early bell and late
bell? - ANSWER-Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
, Disruptions of proliferation may result in what type of tooth anomalies? (4) - ANSWER-
Size
Proportion
Numbers
Twinning
Which stage of tooth development may lead to anomalies of the enamel, dentin, and
cementum? - ANSWER-Morphodifferentiation
What is the incidence of hyperdontia? Males vs females? - ANSWER-0.3 - 3%
Males 2:1 females
Is hyperdontia more common in maxilla or mandible? More common in primary teeth or
permanent teeth? - ANSWER-Maxilla 90%
Permanent dentition 5x more common that primary
Which permanent teeth are most frequently missing? List in order from most to least
common - ANSWER-Third molars
Mandibular second pre molars
Maxillary lateral incisors
Maxillary second pre molars
Name 9 syndromes that may be associated with supernumerary teeth - ANSWER-Apert
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Gardner syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Sturge Weber syndrome
Orofacialdigital Syndrome I
Hallermann-Strieff Syndrome - A
Cleft lip and palate
Down syndrome
Which syndrome is associated with shovel shaped incisors?
A. Sturge Weber Syndrome
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Apert syndrome
D. Hallermann Strieff Syndrome-A - ANSWER-C. Apert Syndrome
Narrow high palate
Cleft of soft palate
Delayed or ectopic eruption
Shovel shaped incisors
Hypoplastic midface
Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?
