Test Bank
Foundations of Mental Health Care
8th Edition by Morrison-Valfre
,Chapter4501:45The45History45of45Mental45Health45Care
MULTIPLE45CHOICE
1. The45belief45of45the45ancient45 Greek45philosopher45Plato45that45the45r
ational45soul45controlled45the45irrational45soulcould45be45compared45
with45the45belief45of45the45more45recent45 psychological45theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
ANS:4 5 A
Sigmund45Freud45believed45that45mental45illness45was,45in45part,45caused45by45forces45both45within45an
d45outside45the45personality.45Philippe45Pinel45advocated45acceptance45of45mentally45ill45individuals45a
s45human45beings45in45need45of45medical45assistance.45Alice45Fisher45was45a45Florence45Nightingale45nu
rse45who45cared45for45the45mentally45ill,45and45Dr.45Benjamin45Rush45was45the45author45of45the45book4
5Diseases45of45 the45Mind.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Comprehension OBJ:45 2
TOP:4 5 Early45Years45of45Mental45Health
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
2. During45the45mid-
1500s,45behaviors45associated45with45mental45illness45were45more45accurately45recorded45by45profe
ssionals.45This45practice45led45to _45for45different45abnormal45behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
ANS:4 5 A
Classification45of45abnormal45behaviors45did45not45begin45until45this45time,45after45the45practice45of4
5more45accurate45recording45of45behaviors45was45begun.45Diagnoses,45treatment45guidelines,45and45an
y45education45regarding45mental45health45disorders45 were45not45available45during45this45period.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge
OBJ:45345TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45During45t
he45Renaissance
KEY:4 5 Nursing45Process45Step:45Assessment MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
,3. During45the45latter45part45of45the4518th45century,45psychiatry45became45a45separate45branch45of45
medicine,45and45inhumane45treatment45 was45greatly45diminished45by45the45French45hospital45dire
ctor:
a. Dix.
b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
ANS:45 C
Philippe45Pinel45advocated45acceptance45of45the45mentally45ill,45as45well45as45proper45treatment.45Do
rothea45Dix45crusaded45for45construction45of45mental45health45hospitals.45Clifford45Beers45wrote45the4
5book45A45Mind45That45Found45Itself.45President45Jimmy45Carter45established45the45President’s45Co
mmission45on45Mental45Health45in451978.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45in45the4518th45Century
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
4. In451841,
surveyed45asylums,45jails,45and45almshouses45throughout45the45United45States,45Canada,45and45Scotl
and45and45is45credited45with45bringing45about45public45awareness45and45reform45for45the45care45of45the
45mentally45ill.
a. Sigmund45Freud
b. John45Cade
c. Florence45Nightingale
d. Dorothea45Dix
ANS:45 D
Dorothea45Dix45spent452045years45surveying45facilities45that45housed45mentally45ill45individuals45and45i
s45credited45with45major45changes45in45the45care45of45the45mentally45ill.45Sigmund45Freud45introduced45t
he45concept45of45psychoanalysis,45John45Cade45discovered45lithium45carbonate45for45the45treatment45of
45bipolar45disorder,45and45Florence45Nightingale45trained45 nurses45 in45England45 in45the451800s.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45in45the4519th45Century
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
5. As45a45direct45result45of45Clifford45Beers’45work45and45book,45A45Mind45That45Found45Itself,45th
e45Committee45for45Mental45Hygiene45was45formed45in45190945with45a45focus45on45prevention45of
45mental45illness45and:
a. early45detection45of45symptoms45of45mental45illn
ess.
b. education45of45caregivers.
c. current45treatment45options.
d. removing45the45stigma45attached45to45mental45ill
ness.
ANS:45 D
Clifford45Beers’45book45reflected45on45his45attempt45at45suicide45followed45by45the45deplorable45care45h
e45received45for45the45next45345years45in45mental45hospitals.45Beers’45work45and45book45raised45the45con
sciousness45of45people45throughout45the45country45regarding45prevention45and45removal45of45the45stigm
a45of45having45a45mental45illness.
Early45detection45of45symptoms,45education45of45caregivers,45and45current45treatment45options45regardin
, g45mental45illness45were45not45the45focus45of45his45book,45nor45were45they45a45priority45for45the45Committ
ee45for45Mental45Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
Foundations of Mental Health Care
8th Edition by Morrison-Valfre
,Chapter4501:45The45History45of45Mental45Health45Care
MULTIPLE45CHOICE
1. The45belief45of45the45ancient45 Greek45philosopher45Plato45that45the45r
ational45soul45controlled45the45irrational45soulcould45be45compared45
with45the45belief45of45the45more45recent45 psychological45theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
ANS:4 5 A
Sigmund45Freud45believed45that45mental45illness45was,45in45part,45caused45by45forces45both45within45an
d45outside45the45personality.45Philippe45Pinel45advocated45acceptance45of45mentally45ill45individuals45a
s45human45beings45in45need45of45medical45assistance.45Alice45Fisher45was45a45Florence45Nightingale45nu
rse45who45cared45for45the45mentally45ill,45and45Dr.45Benjamin45Rush45was45the45author45of45the45book4
5Diseases45of45 the45Mind.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Comprehension OBJ:45 2
TOP:4 5 Early45Years45of45Mental45Health
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
2. During45the45mid-
1500s,45behaviors45associated45with45mental45illness45were45more45accurately45recorded45by45profe
ssionals.45This45practice45led45to _45for45different45abnormal45behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
ANS:4 5 A
Classification45of45abnormal45behaviors45did45not45begin45until45this45time,45after45the45practice45of4
5more45accurate45recording45of45behaviors45was45begun.45Diagnoses,45treatment45guidelines,45and45an
y45education45regarding45mental45health45disorders45 were45not45available45during45this45period.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge
OBJ:45345TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45During45t
he45Renaissance
KEY:4 5 Nursing45Process45Step:45Assessment MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
,3. During45the45latter45part45of45the4518th45century,45psychiatry45became45a45separate45branch45of45
medicine,45and45inhumane45treatment45 was45greatly45diminished45by45the45French45hospital45dire
ctor:
a. Dix.
b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
ANS:45 C
Philippe45Pinel45advocated45acceptance45of45the45mentally45ill,45as45well45as45proper45treatment.45Do
rothea45Dix45crusaded45for45construction45of45mental45health45hospitals.45Clifford45Beers45wrote45the4
5book45A45Mind45That45Found45Itself.45President45Jimmy45Carter45established45the45President’s45Co
mmission45on45Mental45Health45in451978.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45in45the4518th45Century
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
4. In451841,
surveyed45asylums,45jails,45and45almshouses45throughout45the45United45States,45Canada,45and45Scotl
and45and45is45credited45with45bringing45about45public45awareness45and45reform45for45the45care45of45the
45mentally45ill.
a. Sigmund45Freud
b. John45Cade
c. Florence45Nightingale
d. Dorothea45Dix
ANS:45 D
Dorothea45Dix45spent452045years45surveying45facilities45that45housed45mentally45ill45individuals45and45i
s45credited45with45major45changes45in45the45care45of45the45mentally45ill.45Sigmund45Freud45introduced45t
he45concept45of45psychoanalysis,45John45Cade45discovered45lithium45carbonate45for45the45treatment45of
45bipolar45disorder,45and45Florence45Nightingale45trained45 nurses45 in45England45 in45the451800s.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
TOP:4 5 Mental45Illness45in45the4519th45Century
KEY:45Nursing45Process45Step:45Assess
ment45MSC:4 5 Client45Needs:45Psychosocial45Integrity
5. As45a45direct45result45of45Clifford45Beers’45work45and45book,45A45Mind45That45Found45Itself,45th
e45Committee45for45Mental45Hygiene45was45formed45in45190945with45a45focus45on45prevention45of
45mental45illness45and:
a. early45detection45of45symptoms45of45mental45illn
ess.
b. education45of45caregivers.
c. current45treatment45options.
d. removing45the45stigma45attached45to45mental45ill
ness.
ANS:45 D
Clifford45Beers’45book45reflected45on45his45attempt45at45suicide45followed45by45the45deplorable45care45h
e45received45for45the45next45345years45in45mental45hospitals.45Beers’45work45and45book45raised45the45con
sciousness45of45people45throughout45the45country45regarding45prevention45and45removal45of45the45stigm
a45of45having45a45mental45illness.
Early45detection45of45symptoms,45education45of45caregivers,45and45current45treatment45options45regardin
, g45mental45illness45were45not45the45focus45of45his45book,45nor45were45they45a45priority45for45the45Committ
ee45for45Mental45Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive45Level:45Knowledge OBJ:45 4
