IPC Unit 7 Practice Test Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

IPC Unit 7 Practice Test Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+ ___ are made from plants and animals, and some types are used with or in place of gasoline. - Answer: Biofuels One disadvantage of using ___ is that pollutants are released into the atmosphere. - Answer: Fossil Fuels Machines can never have an efficiency of 100% because they create ___, which causes some energy to be lost as heat energy. - Answer: Friction ___ are made from ancient organisms that lived long ago. - Answer: Fossil fuels Which description best explains energy transformations in a flashlight? - Answer: chemical → electrical → light Calculate the potential energy of a boulder that has a 565-kg mass that is sitting on a mountain that is 1500 m high. - Answer: 8,305,500 J How does a wedge make work easier? - Answer: Multiplying the distance has a slanted surface - Answer: Inclined Plane made of two inclined planes and used to split things apart - Answer: Wedge made of a wheel attached to a rod - Answer: Wheel and Axle a cylinder covered in ridges called threads that is used to hold materials together - Answer: Screw has a groove that a rope or cable can slide through - Answer: Pulley made of a bar that rotates at a fixed point called a fulcrum - Answer: Lever a form of energy that is stored in the bonds between atoms in a compound - Answer: Chemical Energy a form of energy that can be reemitted from an object through waves that travel through space - Answer: Electromagnetic Energy a form of energy generated from moving electrons - Answer: Electrical Energy the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energy - Answer: Mechanical Energy the energy found within the nucleus of an atom holding protons with like charges together - Answer: Nuclear Energy a form of mechanical energy that results from the vibration of matter - Answer: Sound Energy the total amount of kinetic energy generated from movement of atoms and molecules - Answer: Thermal Energy Energy In Motion - Answer: Kinetic Energy stored energy due to an object's position, condition, or shape - Answer: Potential Energy In which scenario is work not being done? - Answer: Jane holds a heavy box while standing in line. The ability to do work is called ___. - Answer: energy How does a screw make work easier? - Answer: Multiplying the distance uses heat generated from magma to boil water, which makes steam to turn turbines that generate electricity at a power plant - Answer: Geothermal Energy creates electricity by converting the kinetic energy of falling water at a dam - Answer: Hydropower creates electricity at power plants through controlled fission reactions of radioactive elements - Answer: Nuclear Energy can create electricity through the use of solar panels or mirrors that heat up water - Answer: Solar Energy converts the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity through a special turbine - Answer: Wind Power In an open energy system, ___. - Answer: energy is exchanged with the space surrounding it What is the kinetic energy of a car that has a mass of 1500 kg and is moving at 60 m/s? - Answer: 2,700,000 J How does a lever make work easier? - Answer: - Multiplying the distance - Change direction ___ is/are the transfer of energy that takes place when a force causes an object to move. - Answer: Work ___ is/are the amount of work that is applied to an object in one second. - Answer: Power Which description best explains energy transformations when someone eats dinner and then bicycles? - Answer: chemical → kinetic → heat What are two nonrenewable resources? - Answer: fossil fuels and nuclear power First law of thermodynamics: "The internal energy in a system is equal to the ___ added to the system minus ___ done by the system." - Answer: Heat; Work