ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13th Editi
h h h h h h h
on, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, Heikki Topi, ISB
h h h h h h h
N-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
h h
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
h h h
TesthBank Pageh1
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
Chapter 1 the Database Environment and Development
h h h h h h h
Process
Chapter Overview
h
Thehpurposehofhthishchapterhishtohintroducehstudentshtohthehworldhofhdatahmanagementhashahwhole,handhspecif
icallyhtohthehdatabasehapproachhtohinformationhsystemshdevelopment,hthehimportanthconceptshandhprinciples
h ofhthehdatabasehapproach,handhthehdatabasehdevelopmenthprocesshwithinhthehbroaderhcontexthofhinformation
h systemshdevelopment.hThishishanhimportanthchapterhbecausehithconveyshahsensehofhthehcentralhimportancehof
h databaseshandhdatahmanagementhinhtoday’shinformationhsystemshenvironmenthandhinhallhmodernhenterprises
.hThehideahofhanhorganizationalhdatabasehishintuitivelyhappealinghtohmosthstudents.hHowever,hmanyhstudentsh
willhhavehlittlehorhnohbackgroundhorhexperiencehwithhthehtechnicalhimplementationhofhdatabases.hOthershwill
h havehhadhsomehexperiencehwithhdatabasehmanagementhsystemshintendedhforhpersonalhorhworkgrouphuseh(su
chhashMicrosofthAccess).hConsequently,htheyhwillhhavehahlimitedhperspectivehconcerninghanhorganizationalh
approachhtohdatabases.
Inhthishchapter,hwehintroducehthehbasichconceptshandhdefinitionshofhdatabaseshandhdatahmanagement,hstarting
h withhanhorganizinghframeworkhthathishnewhtohthishchapter.hWehcontrasthdatahwithhinformation,handhintroduc
ehthehnotionhofhmetadatahandhitshimportance.hWehalsohcontrasththehdatabasehapproachhwithholderhfilehprocess
inghsystems,handhintroducehthehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhcasehtohillustratehthesehconcepts.hWehdescri
behthehrangehofhdatabasehapplications,hfromhdatabaseshwithhahpersonalhorhworkgrouphscopehtohenterprisehdat
abases,handhidentifyhkeyhdecisionshthathmusthbehmadehforheachhtypehofhdatabase.hWehdescribehbothhthehpoten
tialhbenefitshandhtypicalhcostshofhusinghthehdatabasehapproach.hWehalsohtracehthehhistoricalhevolutionhofhdata
basehsystems,hinhorderhtohprovidehahcontexthforhunderstandinghthehdatabasehapproachhforhdatahstoragehandhret
rieval.hThehchapterhoutlineshthehdifferenceshbetweenhtransactionalhandhinformationalhapproacheshandhhighli
ghtshthehwayhnew,hanalytics-focusedhtechnologiesharehtransforminghdatahmanagement.
Thehchapterhalsohpresentshanhexpandedhdescriptionhofhthehsystemshdevelopmenthlifehcycleh(includinghanhintr
oductionhtohrapidhapplicationhdevelopmenthmethodshofhprototypinghandhagilehsoftwarehdevelopment)handh th
eh roleh ofh databaseh developmenth withinh it.h Theh chapterh providesh anh updatedh descriptionh ofh theh well-
TesthBank Pageh2
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
knownhthree-
schemaharchitecturehandhuseshithtohsummarizehthehvarioushdeliverableshofhdatabasehdevelopment.hIthconclud
eshwithhanhexamplehofhdatabasehdevelopmenthsituatedhinhthehcontexththehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhca
se.
Chapter Objectives
h
Specifichstudenthlearninghobjectivesharehincludedhaththehbeginninghofheachhchapter.hFromhanhinstructor’shpoi
nthofhview,hthehobjectiveshofhthishchapterharehto:
1. Createhahsensehofhexcitementhconcerninghthehdatahandhdatabasehmanagementhfieldhandhthehty
peshofhjobhopportunitieshthatharehavailable.
2. Acquainthstudentshwithhthehbroadhspectrumhofhdatabasehapplicationshandhhowhorganizations
h arehusinghdatabasehapplicationshforhcompetitivehadvantage.
3. Introducehthehdatahmanagementhframeworkhthathorganizeshthehbookhandhthehconceptualhspa
cehofhdatahmanagement,hhighlightinghhowhrelationalhtechnologieshandhnon-
relationalhtechnologieshcanhbehseenhashparthofhthehsamehspace.
4. Introducehthehkeyhtermshandhdefinitionshthathdescribehthehdatabasehenvironment.
5. Describehdatahmodelshandhhowhtheyharehusedhtohcapturehthehnaturehandhrelationshipshamongh
data.
6. Describehthehmajorhcomponentshofhthehdatabasehenvironmenthandhhowhthesehcomponentshin
teracthwithheachhother.
7. Providehahreviewhofhsystemshdevelopmenthmethodologies,hparticularlyhthehsystemshdevelop
menthlifehcycle,hprototyping,handhagilehsoftwarehdevelopment;hbuildhanhunderstandinghofhho
whdatabasehdevelopmenthishalignedhwithhthesehmethodologies.
8. Develophanhunderstandinghofhthehdifferenthroleshwithinhinhahdatabasehdevelopmenthteam.
9. Makehstudentshawarehofhthehthree-
schemaharchitecturehandhitshbenefitshforhdatabasehdevelopmenthandhdesign.
10. IntroducehthehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhcase,hwhichhishusedhthroughouththehtexthtohill
ustratehimportanthconcepts.
11. IntroducehthehMountainhViewhCommunityhHospitalhcase,hwhichhishincludedhaththehendhofhea
chhchapterhashahsourcehforhstudenthprojects.
TesthBank Pageh3
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
Key Terms
h
Agilehsoftwarehdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualhschema Databasehapplication Physicalhschema
Constraint Databasehmanagementhsystemh(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisehdatahmodeling Prototyping
Datahindependence Enterprisehresourcehplanningh(ERP) Relationalhdatabase
Datahmodel Entity Repository
Datahmodelinghandhdesignhtools Information Systemsh developmenth lifeh cycleh (S
DLC)
Datahwarehouse Logicalhschema Userhview
Classroom Ideas h
1. Starthwithhahdiscussionhofhhowhstudentshinteracthwithhsystemshbuilthonhdatabaseshonhahdailyhb
asish(credithcardhtransactions,hshoppinghcards,htelephonehcalls,hcellhphonehcontacthlists,hdow
nloadablehmusic,hetc.).hIfhyouhteachhinhahclassroomhwithhcomputers,haskhstudentshtohfindhexa
mpleshofhWebhsiteshthathappearhtohbehaccessinghdatabases.
2. Contrasththehtermsh―data‖handh―information.‖hUsinghFigureh1-
1hashahstartinghpoint,hhavehthehstudentshprovidehsomehgoodhexampleshofhdatahandhinformatio
nhfromhtheirhownhexperiences.hThishmayhwellhleadhtohsomehdifferenceshofhopinion,handhthehc
onclusionhthathonehperson’shdatahmayhbehanotherhperson’shinformation.
3. IntroducehthehconcepthofhmetadatahusinghTableh1-
1.hAskhthehstudentshtohsuggesthotherhmetadatahthathmighthbehappropriatehforhthishexample.
4. Discusshfilehprocessinghsystemshandhtheirhlimitations,husinghFigureh1-2handhTableh1-
2.hEmphasizehthathmanyhofhthesehsystemsharehstillhinhusehtoday.
5. IntroducehdatahmodelshusinghFigureh1-
3.hDiscusshthehdifferenceshbetweenhanhenterprisehdatahmodelhandhahprojecthdatahmodel,husin
ghFiguresh1-3h(a)handh(b).
6. Discussheachhofhthehadvantageshofhthehdatabasehapproachh(Tableh1-
TesthBank Pageh4
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13th Editi
h h h h h h h
on, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, Heikki Topi, ISB
h h h h h h h
N-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
h h
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
h h h
TesthBank Pageh1
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
Chapter 1 the Database Environment and Development
h h h h h h h
Process
Chapter Overview
h
Thehpurposehofhthishchapterhishtohintroducehstudentshtohthehworldhofhdatahmanagementhashahwhole,handhspecif
icallyhtohthehdatabasehapproachhtohinformationhsystemshdevelopment,hthehimportanthconceptshandhprinciples
h ofhthehdatabasehapproach,handhthehdatabasehdevelopmenthprocesshwithinhthehbroaderhcontexthofhinformation
h systemshdevelopment.hThishishanhimportanthchapterhbecausehithconveyshahsensehofhthehcentralhimportancehof
h databaseshandhdatahmanagementhinhtoday’shinformationhsystemshenvironmenthandhinhallhmodernhenterprises
.hThehideahofhanhorganizationalhdatabasehishintuitivelyhappealinghtohmosthstudents.hHowever,hmanyhstudentsh
willhhavehlittlehorhnohbackgroundhorhexperiencehwithhthehtechnicalhimplementationhofhdatabases.hOthershwill
h havehhadhsomehexperiencehwithhdatabasehmanagementhsystemshintendedhforhpersonalhorhworkgrouphuseh(su
chhashMicrosofthAccess).hConsequently,htheyhwillhhavehahlimitedhperspectivehconcerninghanhorganizationalh
approachhtohdatabases.
Inhthishchapter,hwehintroducehthehbasichconceptshandhdefinitionshofhdatabaseshandhdatahmanagement,hstarting
h withhanhorganizinghframeworkhthathishnewhtohthishchapter.hWehcontrasthdatahwithhinformation,handhintroduc
ehthehnotionhofhmetadatahandhitshimportance.hWehalsohcontrasththehdatabasehapproachhwithholderhfilehprocess
inghsystems,handhintroducehthehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhcasehtohillustratehthesehconcepts.hWehdescri
behthehrangehofhdatabasehapplications,hfromhdatabaseshwithhahpersonalhorhworkgrouphscopehtohenterprisehdat
abases,handhidentifyhkeyhdecisionshthathmusthbehmadehforheachhtypehofhdatabase.hWehdescribehbothhthehpoten
tialhbenefitshandhtypicalhcostshofhusinghthehdatabasehapproach.hWehalsohtracehthehhistoricalhevolutionhofhdata
basehsystems,hinhorderhtohprovidehahcontexthforhunderstandinghthehdatabasehapproachhforhdatahstoragehandhret
rieval.hThehchapterhoutlineshthehdifferenceshbetweenhtransactionalhandhinformationalhapproacheshandhhighli
ghtshthehwayhnew,hanalytics-focusedhtechnologiesharehtransforminghdatahmanagement.
Thehchapterhalsohpresentshanhexpandedhdescriptionhofhthehsystemshdevelopmenthlifehcycleh(includinghanhintr
oductionhtohrapidhapplicationhdevelopmenthmethodshofhprototypinghandhagilehsoftwarehdevelopment)handh th
eh roleh ofh databaseh developmenth withinh it.h Theh chapterh providesh anh updatedh descriptionh ofh theh well-
TesthBank Pageh2
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
knownhthree-
schemaharchitecturehandhuseshithtohsummarizehthehvarioushdeliverableshofhdatabasehdevelopment.hIthconclud
eshwithhanhexamplehofhdatabasehdevelopmenthsituatedhinhthehcontexththehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhca
se.
Chapter Objectives
h
Specifichstudenthlearninghobjectivesharehincludedhaththehbeginninghofheachhchapter.hFromhanhinstructor’shpoi
nthofhview,hthehobjectiveshofhthishchapterharehto:
1. Createhahsensehofhexcitementhconcerninghthehdatahandhdatabasehmanagementhfieldhandhthehty
peshofhjobhopportunitieshthatharehavailable.
2. Acquainthstudentshwithhthehbroadhspectrumhofhdatabasehapplicationshandhhowhorganizations
h arehusinghdatabasehapplicationshforhcompetitivehadvantage.
3. Introducehthehdatahmanagementhframeworkhthathorganizeshthehbookhandhthehconceptualhspa
cehofhdatahmanagement,hhighlightinghhowhrelationalhtechnologieshandhnon-
relationalhtechnologieshcanhbehseenhashparthofhthehsamehspace.
4. Introducehthehkeyhtermshandhdefinitionshthathdescribehthehdatabasehenvironment.
5. Describehdatahmodelshandhhowhtheyharehusedhtohcapturehthehnaturehandhrelationshipshamongh
data.
6. Describehthehmajorhcomponentshofhthehdatabasehenvironmenthandhhowhthesehcomponentshin
teracthwithheachhother.
7. Providehahreviewhofhsystemshdevelopmenthmethodologies,hparticularlyhthehsystemshdevelop
menthlifehcycle,hprototyping,handhagilehsoftwarehdevelopment;hbuildhanhunderstandinghofhho
whdatabasehdevelopmenthishalignedhwithhthesehmethodologies.
8. Develophanhunderstandinghofhthehdifferenthroleshwithinhinhahdatabasehdevelopmenthteam.
9. Makehstudentshawarehofhthehthree-
schemaharchitecturehandhitshbenefitshforhdatabasehdevelopmenthandhdesign.
10. IntroducehthehPinehValleyhFurniturehCompanyhcase,hwhichhishusedhthroughouththehtexthtohill
ustratehimportanthconcepts.
11. IntroducehthehMountainhViewhCommunityhHospitalhcase,hwhichhishincludedhaththehendhofhea
chhchapterhashahsourcehforhstudenthprojects.
TesthBank Pageh3
, ModernhDatabasehManagement,h13thhEdition,hJeffhHoffer,hRamesh
Key Terms
h
Agilehsoftwarehdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualhschema Databasehapplication Physicalhschema
Constraint Databasehmanagementhsystemh(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisehdatahmodeling Prototyping
Datahindependence Enterprisehresourcehplanningh(ERP) Relationalhdatabase
Datahmodel Entity Repository
Datahmodelinghandhdesignhtools Information Systemsh developmenth lifeh cycleh (S
DLC)
Datahwarehouse Logicalhschema Userhview
Classroom Ideas h
1. Starthwithhahdiscussionhofhhowhstudentshinteracthwithhsystemshbuilthonhdatabaseshonhahdailyhb
asish(credithcardhtransactions,hshoppinghcards,htelephonehcalls,hcellhphonehcontacthlists,hdow
nloadablehmusic,hetc.).hIfhyouhteachhinhahclassroomhwithhcomputers,haskhstudentshtohfindhexa
mpleshofhWebhsiteshthathappearhtohbehaccessinghdatabases.
2. Contrasththehtermsh―data‖handh―information.‖hUsinghFigureh1-
1hashahstartinghpoint,hhavehthehstudentshprovidehsomehgoodhexampleshofhdatahandhinformatio
nhfromhtheirhownhexperiences.hThishmayhwellhleadhtohsomehdifferenceshofhopinion,handhthehc
onclusionhthathonehperson’shdatahmayhbehanotherhperson’shinformation.
3. IntroducehthehconcepthofhmetadatahusinghTableh1-
1.hAskhthehstudentshtohsuggesthotherhmetadatahthathmighthbehappropriatehforhthishexample.
4. Discusshfilehprocessinghsystemshandhtheirhlimitations,husinghFigureh1-2handhTableh1-
2.hEmphasizehthathmanyhofhthesehsystemsharehstillhinhusehtoday.
5. IntroducehdatahmodelshusinghFigureh1-
3.hDiscusshthehdifferenceshbetweenhanhenterprisehdatahmodelhandhahprojecthdatahmodel,husin
ghFiguresh1-3h(a)handh(b).
6. Discussheachhofhthehadvantageshofhthehdatabasehapproachh(Tableh1-
TesthBank Pageh4
