TEST BANK FOR COGNITION EXPL
g g g g
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND,
g g g g g
g7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
g g g
, CHAPTERg1 The Science of the Mind
g g g g
LEARNINGgOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describegthegscopegandggoalsgofgcognitivegpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandgthegcasegofgH.M.,gandgthegmanygwaysgthatgmemoryginfluencesgourglives.
1.3. Describegtheglimitationsgofgintrospectiongasgagmethodgforgscientificginquiry.
1.4. Comparegandgcontrastgclassicalg(Watsonian)gbehaviorismgandgcognitivegpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sg“transcendentalgmethod”gisgsometimesgcalledg“inferencegtogbestgexplanation.”gExplaingthisgmethodgandgho
wgitgworks.
1.6. Describegthegrole,gingthegemergencegofgcognitivegpsychology,gthatgwasgplayedgbygcomputergsciencegandgthegdeve
lop-gmentgofg“computergintelligence.”
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. WhichgofgthegfollowinggtopicsgisgNOTgcommonlygstudiedgwithingcognitivegpsychology?
a. angergmanagement c. memory
b. decisiongmaking d. Attention
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsychologygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gUnderstanding
2. CognitivegprocessesgaregNOTgnecessarygforgwhichgdailygactivity?
a. readinggagnewspaper c. talkinggongthegphone
b. studyinggforgagtest d. breathing
ANS:g D DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssagwantsgtogbegagpsychologistgbutgisgunsuregwhichgtopicgwithingpsychologygmostginterestsgher.gWhichgo
fgthegfollowinggtopicsgwouldgbegLEASTglikelygtogleadghergintogcognitivegpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymegdisease
b. languagegacquisition d. problem-solvinggstrategies
,ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsychologygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gApplying
4. Considergthegsequenceg“BetsygwantedgtogbringgJacobgagpresent.gShegshookghergpiggygbank.”gMostgpeople,gaft
erghearinggthisgsequence,gbelievegBetsygwasgcheckingghergpiggygbankgtogseegifgsheghadgmoneygtogspendgongtheggift.gThisginferen
cegaboutgBetsy’sggoalsgdependsgongthegfactgthat
a. ourgpreviousgknowledgegfillsgingbackgroundginformationgwhenevergwe’regunderstandinggangev
entgorgconversation.
b. readersgareglikelygtogknowgsomeonegnamedgJacob.
c. English,gunlikegotherglanguages,grequiresgspeakersgtogmentiongallgofgthegpeopleginvolvedgin
gangevent.
d. thegindividualgsentencesgaregshort.
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
ThegBroadgRolegforgMemorygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gUnderstanding
5. WhichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgLEASTglikelygtogapplygtogpatientgH.M.?
a. “Hegcannotgremembergwhatghegdidgearliergtoday,gincludinggeventsgthatgtookgplacegjustganghourgago.”
b. “Hegreadgthisgstoryglastgmonth,gbutghegwasgstillgsurprisedgbyghowgthegstorygturnedgout.”
c. “Evengthoughgheghasgencounteredgthegnursegmanygtimes,ghegisgstillgunablegtogrecognizegher.”
d. “Hegrememberedgthatgitgwasgonlygagweekgagogthatghe’dgheardgthegsadgnewsgthatghisguncleghadgdied.”
ANS:g D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiagandgMemorygLossgOBJ: 1.2 MSC:gApplying
6. ResearchgwithgH.M.gprovidesgangillustrationgforgwhichgmajorgthemegofgthegchapter?
a. Introspectiongisgangimportantgresearchgtoolgforgcognitivegpsychologists.
b. Cognitivegpsychologygcanghelpgusgunderstandgagwidegrangegofgactivitiesgthatgdependgongsomeon
e’sgabilitygtogremember.
c. Memorygisgnotgverygimportant.
d. Thegdisruptiongcausedgbygbraingdamagegdependsgonghowgwidespreadgthegdamagegis,gandgnotgon
gthegspecificgsitesgthatgaregdamaged.
ANS:g g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientsgsufferinggfromgclinicalgamnesiagaregcharacterizedgby
a. memorygdysfunction. c. inarticulateg speech.
b. anginabilitygtogrecognizegpatterns d. impairedglanguagegcomprehension.
.
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiagandgMemorygLossgOBJ: 1.2 MSC:gRemembering
8. Thegtermg“introspection”grefersgtogthe
a. processgbygwhichgonegindividualgseeksgtoginfergthegthoughtsgofganothergindividual.
b. proceduregofgexamininggthoughtgprocessinggbygmonitoringgthegbrain’sgelectricalgactivity.
, c. processgofgeachgpersonglookinggwithin,gtogobserveghisgorghergowngthoughtsgandgideas.
d. techniquegofgstudyinggthoughtgbyginterpretinggthegsymbolsgusedgingcommunication.
ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gRemembering
9. Agparticipantgisgaskedgtoglookgwithinghimselfgorgherselfgandgreportgonghisgorghergowngmentalgprocesses.gThisgmetho
d
isgcalled
a. logicalginference. c. gintrospection.
b. reconstruction. gd.
ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gRemembering
10. Ofgthegfollowing,gintrospectiongisgLEASTgusefulgforgstudying
a. topicsgthatgaregstronglygcoloredgbygemotion.
b. mentalgeventsgthatgaregunconscious.
c. processesgthatginvolvegconceptualg knowledge.
d. eventsgthatgtakegaglonggtimegtogunfold.
ANS:g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gUnderstanding
11. WhichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgaboutgintrospectiongisgFALSE?
a. Itgisgthegonlygwaygtogobservegconsciousgeventsgdirectly.
b. Itgisgsubjective.
c. Itgprovidesgstronggevidencegforghypothesis-testing.
d. Itgwasgagtechniquegusedghistoricallygtogstudygcognition.
ANS:g C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gUnderstanding
12. Geniegwondersgwhygshegcangnevergremembergthegnamesgofgnewgacquaintances.gIngsearchgofganganswer,gshegexam
inesgandgreflectsgonghergfeelingsgaboutgmeetinggnewgpeople.gGeniegisgengagedgingwhichgprocess?
a. practicalgrehearsal c. learningghistoryganalysis
b. introspection d. goalgretrieval
ANS:g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gApplying
13. Introspectiongwasgemployedgasgagresearchgtoolgingtheglateg1800sgbecause
a. itgwasgregardedgasgthegonlygwaygtogobservegthegmind’sgcontentsgdirectly.
b. itgprovidedgdatagfromgindividualsgwithoutganygspecializedgtraining.
c. consciousgeventsgaregjustgasgimportantgasgunconsciousgevents.
g g g g
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND,
g g g g g
g7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
g g g
, CHAPTERg1 The Science of the Mind
g g g g
LEARNINGgOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describegthegscopegandggoalsgofgcognitivegpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandgthegcasegofgH.M.,gandgthegmanygwaysgthatgmemoryginfluencesgourglives.
1.3. Describegtheglimitationsgofgintrospectiongasgagmethodgforgscientificginquiry.
1.4. Comparegandgcontrastgclassicalg(Watsonian)gbehaviorismgandgcognitivegpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sg“transcendentalgmethod”gisgsometimesgcalledg“inferencegtogbestgexplanation.”gExplaingthisgmethodgandgho
wgitgworks.
1.6. Describegthegrole,gingthegemergencegofgcognitivegpsychology,gthatgwasgplayedgbygcomputergsciencegandgthegdeve
lop-gmentgofg“computergintelligence.”
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. WhichgofgthegfollowinggtopicsgisgNOTgcommonlygstudiedgwithingcognitivegpsychology?
a. angergmanagement c. memory
b. decisiongmaking d. Attention
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsychologygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gUnderstanding
2. CognitivegprocessesgaregNOTgnecessarygforgwhichgdailygactivity?
a. readinggagnewspaper c. talkinggongthegphone
b. studyinggforgagtest d. breathing
ANS:g D DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssagwantsgtogbegagpsychologistgbutgisgunsuregwhichgtopicgwithingpsychologygmostginterestsgher.gWhichgo
fgthegfollowinggtopicsgwouldgbegLEASTglikelygtogleadghergintogcognitivegpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymegdisease
b. languagegacquisition d. problem-solvinggstrategies
,ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsychologygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gApplying
4. Considergthegsequenceg“BetsygwantedgtogbringgJacobgagpresent.gShegshookghergpiggygbank.”gMostgpeople,gaft
erghearinggthisgsequence,gbelievegBetsygwasgcheckingghergpiggygbankgtogseegifgsheghadgmoneygtogspendgongtheggift.gThisginferen
cegaboutgBetsy’sggoalsgdependsgongthegfactgthat
a. ourgpreviousgknowledgegfillsgingbackgroundginformationgwhenevergwe’regunderstandinggangev
entgorgconversation.
b. readersgareglikelygtogknowgsomeonegnamedgJacob.
c. English,gunlikegotherglanguages,grequiresgspeakersgtogmentiongallgofgthegpeopleginvolvedgin
gangevent.
d. thegindividualgsentencesgaregshort.
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
ThegBroadgRolegforgMemorygOBJ: 1.1 MSC:gUnderstanding
5. WhichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgLEASTglikelygtogapplygtogpatientgH.M.?
a. “Hegcannotgremembergwhatghegdidgearliergtoday,gincludinggeventsgthatgtookgplacegjustganghourgago.”
b. “Hegreadgthisgstoryglastgmonth,gbutghegwasgstillgsurprisedgbyghowgthegstorygturnedgout.”
c. “Evengthoughgheghasgencounteredgthegnursegmanygtimes,ghegisgstillgunablegtogrecognizegher.”
d. “Hegrememberedgthatgitgwasgonlygagweekgagogthatghe’dgheardgthegsadgnewsgthatghisguncleghadgdied.”
ANS:g D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiagandgMemorygLossgOBJ: 1.2 MSC:gApplying
6. ResearchgwithgH.M.gprovidesgangillustrationgforgwhichgmajorgthemegofgthegchapter?
a. Introspectiongisgangimportantgresearchgtoolgforgcognitivegpsychologists.
b. Cognitivegpsychologygcanghelpgusgunderstandgagwidegrangegofgactivitiesgthatgdependgongsomeon
e’sgabilitygtogremember.
c. Memorygisgnotgverygimportant.
d. Thegdisruptiongcausedgbygbraingdamagegdependsgonghowgwidespreadgthegdamagegis,gandgnotgon
gthegspecificgsitesgthatgaregdamaged.
ANS:g g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegScopegofgCognitivegPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientsgsufferinggfromgclinicalgamnesiagaregcharacterizedgby
a. memorygdysfunction. c. inarticulateg speech.
b. anginabilitygtogrecognizegpatterns d. impairedglanguagegcomprehension.
.
ANS:g A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiagandgMemorygLossgOBJ: 1.2 MSC:gRemembering
8. Thegtermg“introspection”grefersgtogthe
a. processgbygwhichgonegindividualgseeksgtoginfergthegthoughtsgofganothergindividual.
b. proceduregofgexamininggthoughtgprocessinggbygmonitoringgthegbrain’sgelectricalgactivity.
, c. processgofgeachgpersonglookinggwithin,gtogobserveghisgorghergowngthoughtsgandgideas.
d. techniquegofgstudyinggthoughtgbyginterpretinggthegsymbolsgusedgingcommunication.
ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gRemembering
9. Agparticipantgisgaskedgtoglookgwithinghimselfgorgherselfgandgreportgonghisgorghergowngmentalgprocesses.gThisgmetho
d
isgcalled
a. logicalginference. c. gintrospection.
b. reconstruction. gd.
ANS:g C DIF: Easy REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gRemembering
10. Ofgthegfollowing,gintrospectiongisgLEASTgusefulgforgstudying
a. topicsgthatgaregstronglygcoloredgbygemotion.
b. mentalgeventsgthatgaregunconscious.
c. processesgthatginvolvegconceptualg knowledge.
d. eventsgthatgtakegaglonggtimegtogunfold.
ANS:g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gUnderstanding
11. WhichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgaboutgintrospectiongisgFALSE?
a. Itgisgthegonlygwaygtogobservegconsciousgeventsgdirectly.
b. Itgisgsubjective.
c. Itgprovidesgstronggevidencegforghypothesis-testing.
d. Itgwasgagtechniquegusedghistoricallygtogstudygcognition.
ANS:g C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gUnderstanding
12. Geniegwondersgwhygshegcangnevergremembergthegnamesgofgnewgacquaintances.gIngsearchgofganganswer,gshegexam
inesgandgreflectsgonghergfeelingsgaboutgmeetinggnewgpeople.gGeniegisgengagedgingwhichgprocess?
a. practicalgrehearsal c. learningghistoryganalysis
b. introspection d. goalgretrieval
ANS:g B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThegLimitsgofgIntrospectiongOBJ: 1.3 MSC:gApplying
13. Introspectiongwasgemployedgasgagresearchgtoolgingtheglateg1800sgbecause
a. itgwasgregardedgasgthegonlygwaygtogobservegthegmind’sgcontentsgdirectly.
b. itgprovidedgdatagfromgindividualsgwithoutganygspecializedgtraining.
c. consciousgeventsgaregjustgasgimportantgasgunconsciousgevents.
