RNFA Study Guide question with
answers
Describe the minimal level of education required for an advanced practice
nurse. - -A Master's degree is required for advanced practice nursing.
-What is the nursing model created by the Association of periOperative
Registererd Nurses (AORN) featuring domains that are in continuous
interaction with the health system and encircling the focus of perioperative
nursing practice—the patient? - -The AORN model is referred to as the
Perioperative Patient-Focused Model.
-Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by preparation for
what will or may happen and determining the priorities for care. - -The
planning phase is characterized by preparation for what will or may happen
and determining the priorities for care.
-Institutional standards are usually directive about specific actions in specific
circumstances within a facility or system. What type of standards typically
provide generalized authoritative statements that can be implemented in all
settings? - -National standards provide generalized authoritative statements
that can be implemented in all settings.
-Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by performing the
nursing care activities and interventions that were planned, and responding
with critical thinking and orderly action. - -The implementation phase is
characterized by performing the nursing care activities and interventions
that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly action.
-Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on identifying and
classifying data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to
plan nursing care. - -The nursing diagnosis phase focuses on identifying and
classifying data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to
plan nursing care.
-What is the expanded perioperative role characterized by handling and
cutting tissue, using instruments and medical devices, providing exposure
and hemostasis, and suturing, all as components of assisting-at-surgery
behaviors? - -The registered nurse first assistant (RNFA) is an example of an
expanded perioperative nursing role.
, -The AORN publication, Standards of Perioperative Nursing, is an example of
what kind of standard? - -The AORN Standards are an example of process-
based standards.
-What is the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and
systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care? - -Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS) is the
name of the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and
systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care.
-Define the phase of the nursing process typically associated with describing
the desired or favorable patient condition that can be achieved through
nursing interventions. - -The outcome identification phase describes the
desired or favorable patient condition that can be achieved through nursing
interventions.
-What is the act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or
tasks in a selected situation(s) to a competent person? - -Delegation is the
act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a
selected situation(s) to a competent person.
-What standards are based on and describe the application of the nursing
process in perioperative nursing? - -Standards of care are based on and
describe the application of the nursing process in perioperative nursing. They
include the collection and analysis of data, identification of expected
outcomes, planning and implementation of care, and evaluation of
outcomes.
-What is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and
effectiveness, based on ethical and economic perspectives? - -Performance
improvement is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and
effectiveness, based on ethical and economic perspectives.
-What are some examples of emerging roles in the OR? - -Emerging roles
include care coordinator, family liaison, robotics coordinator, and informatics
specialist.
-Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on the patient's
progress in attaining identified outcomes. - -The evaluation phase focuses on
the patient's progress in attaining identified outcomes.
-What certification is available to perioperative nurses that demonstrates
proficiency in support of quality patient care and sets a standard of
commitment to the profession of OR nursing? - -Certified Nurse, Operating
Room (CNOR) is the certification for perioperative nursing.
, -List the types of advanced practice nurses who may practice in the
perioperative environment. - -Nurse practitioners (NPs), certified registered
nurse anesthetists (CRNAs), and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are
examples of nurses who may practice in the advanced role in the
perioperative environment.
-Define the phase of the nursing process concerned with the collection of
relevant data about the patient. - -The assessment phase is associated with
the collection of relevant data about the patient.
-How is a count recorded in the record when an item is missing but not
located on an X-ray? - -Unresolved counts are documented as follows: if the
X-ray is negative, the count is recorded as incorrect, and the X-ray results
are noted on the patient's intraoperative record. An
incident/occurrence/event report should be initiated according to institution
policy.
-Define the term electrolytes. - -Electrolytes are substances in the blood
essential to transmission of nerve impulses, regulation of water distribution,
contraction of muscles, generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, needed
for cellular energy), regulation of acid-base balance, and hemostasis.
-Define the term root cause analysis. - -A root cause analysis is a
systematized process used to identify variations in performance that cause
or could cause untoward patient events.
-Define the term sentinel event. - -Sentinel events are unexpected
occurrences involving death or risk of serious physical or psychologic injury
to a patient.
-Define the term active transport. - -Active transport is the process by which
molecules are moved across a cell membrane against a concentration
gradient, with the use of external energy.
-List examples of initiatives developed by the World Health Organization
(WHO) to promote patient safety. - -The WHO has endorsed the Hand
Hygiene Initiative (Clean Care is Safer Care), the Surgical Hand Preparation
guideline, and the Surgical Safety Checklist (Safe Surgery Saves Lives).
-Describe the verification steps for transfusion of blood or blood products. - -
The circulating nurse and anesthesia provider (or a second licensed
individual) confirm the following during blood and blood product verification:
(1) The unit number on the blood product corresponds with the unit number
on the blood requisition. (2) The name, birth date, and number on the
patient's identification band agrees with the name, birth date, and number
, on the slip with the blood product. (3) The patient's name on the blood
product corresponds with the name on the requisition. (4) The blood group
indicated on the blood product corresponds with that of the patient. (5) The
date and time of expiration have not been reached. (6) The blood product
bag is free of leaks, damage, or signs of possible bacterial contamination
(e.g., presence of fine gas bubbles, discoloration, clots or excessive air in the
bag).
-Define the term diffusion. - -Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
-List examples of physical risks to patients in the perioperative environment.
- -Physical risks include any damaging or noxious element that comes into
contact with the patient to cause harm, such as: electrosurgical/laser beam,
pooled prep solution, glutaraldehyde retained in an endoscope, or a retained
foreign object.
-Describe the steps used when weighing sponges to estimate blood loss. - -
The procedure for weighing sponges is as follows: (1) Weigh a dry sponge in
a plastic bag, and adjust the scale to register zero. (2) Place used, bagged
sponges on the scale. (3) Record the scale reading: 1 g equals 1 mL of blood
loss. (4) Note the blood loss on the record. (5) Add subsequent weight to the
preceding weight each time sponges are weighed so that a running total
blood loss, calculated from sponges, is available. (6) Measure blood in the
suction canister(s) at regular intervals, subtracting the amount of any
irrigating solution used. (7) Add the amount of blood loss calculated from
suction canisters to the total recorded from sponges to obtain accurate blood
loss estimates.
-What are the key elements of informed consent? - -During informed
consent, the patient must be informed about the proposed operation or other
invasive procedure and its inherent risks, benefits, alternatives, and
complications in terms that he or she can understand.
-How are first, second, and third spacing defined? - -First spacing is the
normal distribution of fluid in extracellular and intracellular compartments.
Second spacing refers to excess accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema),
while third spacing occurs when fluid accumulates in areas that normally
have no fluid or only a minimal amount of fluid.
-Define the acronym SBAR. - -SBAR stands for: S=Situation, B=Background,
A=Assessment, R=Recommendation.
-What are the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? - -Signs and
symptoms of a transfusion reaction include: increased intraoperative
answers
Describe the minimal level of education required for an advanced practice
nurse. - -A Master's degree is required for advanced practice nursing.
-What is the nursing model created by the Association of periOperative
Registererd Nurses (AORN) featuring domains that are in continuous
interaction with the health system and encircling the focus of perioperative
nursing practice—the patient? - -The AORN model is referred to as the
Perioperative Patient-Focused Model.
-Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by preparation for
what will or may happen and determining the priorities for care. - -The
planning phase is characterized by preparation for what will or may happen
and determining the priorities for care.
-Institutional standards are usually directive about specific actions in specific
circumstances within a facility or system. What type of standards typically
provide generalized authoritative statements that can be implemented in all
settings? - -National standards provide generalized authoritative statements
that can be implemented in all settings.
-Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by performing the
nursing care activities and interventions that were planned, and responding
with critical thinking and orderly action. - -The implementation phase is
characterized by performing the nursing care activities and interventions
that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly action.
-Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on identifying and
classifying data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to
plan nursing care. - -The nursing diagnosis phase focuses on identifying and
classifying data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to
plan nursing care.
-What is the expanded perioperative role characterized by handling and
cutting tissue, using instruments and medical devices, providing exposure
and hemostasis, and suturing, all as components of assisting-at-surgery
behaviors? - -The registered nurse first assistant (RNFA) is an example of an
expanded perioperative nursing role.
, -The AORN publication, Standards of Perioperative Nursing, is an example of
what kind of standard? - -The AORN Standards are an example of process-
based standards.
-What is the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and
systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care? - -Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS) is the
name of the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and
systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care.
-Define the phase of the nursing process typically associated with describing
the desired or favorable patient condition that can be achieved through
nursing interventions. - -The outcome identification phase describes the
desired or favorable patient condition that can be achieved through nursing
interventions.
-What is the act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or
tasks in a selected situation(s) to a competent person? - -Delegation is the
act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a
selected situation(s) to a competent person.
-What standards are based on and describe the application of the nursing
process in perioperative nursing? - -Standards of care are based on and
describe the application of the nursing process in perioperative nursing. They
include the collection and analysis of data, identification of expected
outcomes, planning and implementation of care, and evaluation of
outcomes.
-What is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and
effectiveness, based on ethical and economic perspectives? - -Performance
improvement is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and
effectiveness, based on ethical and economic perspectives.
-What are some examples of emerging roles in the OR? - -Emerging roles
include care coordinator, family liaison, robotics coordinator, and informatics
specialist.
-Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on the patient's
progress in attaining identified outcomes. - -The evaluation phase focuses on
the patient's progress in attaining identified outcomes.
-What certification is available to perioperative nurses that demonstrates
proficiency in support of quality patient care and sets a standard of
commitment to the profession of OR nursing? - -Certified Nurse, Operating
Room (CNOR) is the certification for perioperative nursing.
, -List the types of advanced practice nurses who may practice in the
perioperative environment. - -Nurse practitioners (NPs), certified registered
nurse anesthetists (CRNAs), and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are
examples of nurses who may practice in the advanced role in the
perioperative environment.
-Define the phase of the nursing process concerned with the collection of
relevant data about the patient. - -The assessment phase is associated with
the collection of relevant data about the patient.
-How is a count recorded in the record when an item is missing but not
located on an X-ray? - -Unresolved counts are documented as follows: if the
X-ray is negative, the count is recorded as incorrect, and the X-ray results
are noted on the patient's intraoperative record. An
incident/occurrence/event report should be initiated according to institution
policy.
-Define the term electrolytes. - -Electrolytes are substances in the blood
essential to transmission of nerve impulses, regulation of water distribution,
contraction of muscles, generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, needed
for cellular energy), regulation of acid-base balance, and hemostasis.
-Define the term root cause analysis. - -A root cause analysis is a
systematized process used to identify variations in performance that cause
or could cause untoward patient events.
-Define the term sentinel event. - -Sentinel events are unexpected
occurrences involving death or risk of serious physical or psychologic injury
to a patient.
-Define the term active transport. - -Active transport is the process by which
molecules are moved across a cell membrane against a concentration
gradient, with the use of external energy.
-List examples of initiatives developed by the World Health Organization
(WHO) to promote patient safety. - -The WHO has endorsed the Hand
Hygiene Initiative (Clean Care is Safer Care), the Surgical Hand Preparation
guideline, and the Surgical Safety Checklist (Safe Surgery Saves Lives).
-Describe the verification steps for transfusion of blood or blood products. - -
The circulating nurse and anesthesia provider (or a second licensed
individual) confirm the following during blood and blood product verification:
(1) The unit number on the blood product corresponds with the unit number
on the blood requisition. (2) The name, birth date, and number on the
patient's identification band agrees with the name, birth date, and number
, on the slip with the blood product. (3) The patient's name on the blood
product corresponds with the name on the requisition. (4) The blood group
indicated on the blood product corresponds with that of the patient. (5) The
date and time of expiration have not been reached. (6) The blood product
bag is free of leaks, damage, or signs of possible bacterial contamination
(e.g., presence of fine gas bubbles, discoloration, clots or excessive air in the
bag).
-Define the term diffusion. - -Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
-List examples of physical risks to patients in the perioperative environment.
- -Physical risks include any damaging or noxious element that comes into
contact with the patient to cause harm, such as: electrosurgical/laser beam,
pooled prep solution, glutaraldehyde retained in an endoscope, or a retained
foreign object.
-Describe the steps used when weighing sponges to estimate blood loss. - -
The procedure for weighing sponges is as follows: (1) Weigh a dry sponge in
a plastic bag, and adjust the scale to register zero. (2) Place used, bagged
sponges on the scale. (3) Record the scale reading: 1 g equals 1 mL of blood
loss. (4) Note the blood loss on the record. (5) Add subsequent weight to the
preceding weight each time sponges are weighed so that a running total
blood loss, calculated from sponges, is available. (6) Measure blood in the
suction canister(s) at regular intervals, subtracting the amount of any
irrigating solution used. (7) Add the amount of blood loss calculated from
suction canisters to the total recorded from sponges to obtain accurate blood
loss estimates.
-What are the key elements of informed consent? - -During informed
consent, the patient must be informed about the proposed operation or other
invasive procedure and its inherent risks, benefits, alternatives, and
complications in terms that he or she can understand.
-How are first, second, and third spacing defined? - -First spacing is the
normal distribution of fluid in extracellular and intracellular compartments.
Second spacing refers to excess accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema),
while third spacing occurs when fluid accumulates in areas that normally
have no fluid or only a minimal amount of fluid.
-Define the acronym SBAR. - -SBAR stands for: S=Situation, B=Background,
A=Assessment, R=Recommendation.
-What are the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? - -Signs and
symptoms of a transfusion reaction include: increased intraoperative
