NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
_____
__ is the movement of fluid through a semi-permeable membrane. - ANSWER Osmosis
_______ is the movement of solutes/particles from an area of higher to lesser concentration. - ANSWER
Diffusion
If something is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic these labels describe the _______. - ANSWER Tonicity
Fluid volume deficit (FVD or hypovolemia) is the loss of (circle one) intracellular/extracellular fluid
volume that exceeds the intake of fluid. - ANSWER Extracellular
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Urine output <____ mL/hr - ANSWER 30
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Daily weight loss of _____kg or _____ lb -
ANSWER 0.5 kg or 1 lb
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Pulse will be _______(weak/strong) and
________(slow/rapid). - ANSWER weak ; rapid
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Tissue turgor will be ________. - ANSWER
poor
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Urine spec gravity will be > _______. -
ANSWER 1.020
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: BUN will be ________ (elevated/decreased).
- ANSWER elevated
,NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Creatinine will be ______
(elevated/decreased). - ANSWER elevated
What is a better indicator of renal function; BUN or Creatinine? - ANSWER Creatinine
Adult normal serum osmolarity is _______ mOsm/L. - ANSWER 270-300
T/F When infusing isotonic IV solution older adults are at risk for fluid overload. - ANSWER True
Hypertonic solutions move fluid from the _____ into the ________.
a. bloodstream; cells
b. tissues; muscles
c. cells; bloodstream
d. muscles; tissues - ANSWER c. cells; bloodstream
Hypertonic solutions greatly expand what space?
a. tissue
b. interstitial
c. vesicular
d. blood vessels - ANSWER d. blood vessels
Hypertonic solutions pull fluid from the ______ space. - ANSWER interstitial
Infusing a hypertonic solution alters the concentration of serum and (all that apply)
a. shifts fluid out of the blood vessels
b. reduces the risk of edema
c. causes unstable BP
,NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
d. regulates urine output - ANSWER b, d
T/F Diffusion occurs when a hypertonic solution is administered. - ANSWER False; Osmosis occurs when
a hypertonic solution is administered
List the 4 conditions in which you would not give a hypertonic solution (C, D, D, D) - ANSWER CHF, DKA,
Decreased Renal Function, Dehydration
Does infusing an isotonic solution alter the concentration of serum? Why? - ANSWER No, because it is
the same osmolarity as serum and therefore there is no movement of fluid across the membrane.
Does osmosis occur with an isotonic solution? Why? - ANSWER No, because it is the same osmolarity as
serum and therefore there is no movement of fluid across the membrane.
Name one isotonic solution that osmosis can occur. Why? - ANSWER D5W, because it is only isotonic in
the bottle. Shortly after it is administered the sugar is metabolized and the solution becomes hypotonic.
A difference in the concentration between the serum and interstitial fluid will cause ______ to occur. -
ANSWER Osmosis
Which isotonic solution would you not give if a patient has liver disease?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER b. Lactated ringers
Which isotonic solution would you not want to give to someone with increased ICP?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
, NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER c. D5W
Hypotonic IV solutions moves water into the _____ from the ______.
a. bloodstream; cells
b. tissues; muscles
c. cells; bloodstream
d. muscles; tissues - ANSWER c. cells; bloodstream
T/F The best IV fluid to administer to someone who has had burns is 0.45% normal saline. - ANSWER
False; 0.45% NS is a hypotonic solution and patients with burns are at risk for third spacing with
hypotonic solutions.
T/F When administering a hypotonic solution it is important to monitor the patients cardiovascular
status. - ANSWER True
If osmolarity is >_______ it is best to infuse this solution into the central circulation. - ANSWER greater
than 600 mOsm/L
What are the 5 IV administration guidelines? - ANSWER a: Prevent Infection; b: Prevent air embolism; c:
Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance; d: Prevent metabolic imbalance; e: Promote comfort
People coming back from surgery usually get what IV solution infused?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER c. D5W
What is the main purpose of reverse priming an IV piggyback? - ANSWER Prevent infection
complete solutions
NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
_____
__ is the movement of fluid through a semi-permeable membrane. - ANSWER Osmosis
_______ is the movement of solutes/particles from an area of higher to lesser concentration. - ANSWER
Diffusion
If something is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic these labels describe the _______. - ANSWER Tonicity
Fluid volume deficit (FVD or hypovolemia) is the loss of (circle one) intracellular/extracellular fluid
volume that exceeds the intake of fluid. - ANSWER Extracellular
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Urine output <____ mL/hr - ANSWER 30
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Daily weight loss of _____kg or _____ lb -
ANSWER 0.5 kg or 1 lb
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Pulse will be _______(weak/strong) and
________(slow/rapid). - ANSWER weak ; rapid
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Tissue turgor will be ________. - ANSWER
poor
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Urine spec gravity will be > _______. -
ANSWER 1.020
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: BUN will be ________ (elevated/decreased).
- ANSWER elevated
,NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
Fluid volume deficit is present if the following results occur: Creatinine will be ______
(elevated/decreased). - ANSWER elevated
What is a better indicator of renal function; BUN or Creatinine? - ANSWER Creatinine
Adult normal serum osmolarity is _______ mOsm/L. - ANSWER 270-300
T/F When infusing isotonic IV solution older adults are at risk for fluid overload. - ANSWER True
Hypertonic solutions move fluid from the _____ into the ________.
a. bloodstream; cells
b. tissues; muscles
c. cells; bloodstream
d. muscles; tissues - ANSWER c. cells; bloodstream
Hypertonic solutions greatly expand what space?
a. tissue
b. interstitial
c. vesicular
d. blood vessels - ANSWER d. blood vessels
Hypertonic solutions pull fluid from the ______ space. - ANSWER interstitial
Infusing a hypertonic solution alters the concentration of serum and (all that apply)
a. shifts fluid out of the blood vessels
b. reduces the risk of edema
c. causes unstable BP
,NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
d. regulates urine output - ANSWER b, d
T/F Diffusion occurs when a hypertonic solution is administered. - ANSWER False; Osmosis occurs when
a hypertonic solution is administered
List the 4 conditions in which you would not give a hypertonic solution (C, D, D, D) - ANSWER CHF, DKA,
Decreased Renal Function, Dehydration
Does infusing an isotonic solution alter the concentration of serum? Why? - ANSWER No, because it is
the same osmolarity as serum and therefore there is no movement of fluid across the membrane.
Does osmosis occur with an isotonic solution? Why? - ANSWER No, because it is the same osmolarity as
serum and therefore there is no movement of fluid across the membrane.
Name one isotonic solution that osmosis can occur. Why? - ANSWER D5W, because it is only isotonic in
the bottle. Shortly after it is administered the sugar is metabolized and the solution becomes hypotonic.
A difference in the concentration between the serum and interstitial fluid will cause ______ to occur. -
ANSWER Osmosis
Which isotonic solution would you not give if a patient has liver disease?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER b. Lactated ringers
Which isotonic solution would you not want to give to someone with increased ICP?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
, NURS 404 Exam 1 – Fox rated A+ 368
complete solutions
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER c. D5W
Hypotonic IV solutions moves water into the _____ from the ______.
a. bloodstream; cells
b. tissues; muscles
c. cells; bloodstream
d. muscles; tissues - ANSWER c. cells; bloodstream
T/F The best IV fluid to administer to someone who has had burns is 0.45% normal saline. - ANSWER
False; 0.45% NS is a hypotonic solution and patients with burns are at risk for third spacing with
hypotonic solutions.
T/F When administering a hypotonic solution it is important to monitor the patients cardiovascular
status. - ANSWER True
If osmolarity is >_______ it is best to infuse this solution into the central circulation. - ANSWER greater
than 600 mOsm/L
What are the 5 IV administration guidelines? - ANSWER a: Prevent Infection; b: Prevent air embolism; c:
Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance; d: Prevent metabolic imbalance; e: Promote comfort
People coming back from surgery usually get what IV solution infused?
a. 0.9% normal saline
b. Lactated ringers
c. D5W
d. D5 .45 - ANSWER c. D5W
What is the main purpose of reverse priming an IV piggyback? - ANSWER Prevent infection
