OSSF Exam III UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
what are the three main functions of the nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - gather
sensory input
integration
effects a motor output
how does the nervous system gather sensory input? - CORRECT ANSWER - by monitoring
internal and external (environment) stimuli (changes) using billions of sensory receptors
how does the nervous system integrate input? - CORRECT ANSWER - processes and
interprets sensory input and makes decisions about what should be done
how does the nervous system effect.a motor output (response)? - CORRECT ANSWER - by
activating muscles or glands
what is the afferent nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - part of peripheral system -
input cells/sensory
what is the efferent nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - part of peripheral system -
output cells/motor
what is the fundamental functional unit of the nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER -
neuron (nerve cell)
how do neurons function? - CORRECT ANSWER - sends and receives information via
electrochemical transmission
what is a nuclei? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collection of cell bodies located within the CNS
,what is a ganglion? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collection of cell bodies located outside the
CNS
what is a nerve? - CORRECT ANSWER - a group of fibers (axons) outside the CNS
what is a tract? - CORRECT ANSWER - a group of fibers inside the CNS
what is a funiculus? - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of fiber tracts
what is gray matter? - CORRECT ANSWER - an area of unmyelinated neurons containing
cell bodies, dendrites, and some axons
where synaptic contacts occur
what is white matter? - CORRECT ANSWER - an area of myelinated fiber tracts in the CNS
what do exterorecptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulation arising outside of the
body (touch, pain, temperature)
what do interoceptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulation arising inside the body
(chemical messengers, stretching of tissue, and internal temperature)
what do proprioreceptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - responds to internal stimuli, but
located only in skeletal muscle, tendons, joints, and ligaments as well as in connective tissue
covering bones and muscles
what are the 5 main receptor types and their detected stimuli? - CORRECT ANSWER -
mechanoreceptors (touch, pressure, vibrations)
thermoreceptors (temperature)
photoreceptors (light)
,chemoreceptors (smell, taste, blood chemistry)
nociceptors (pain)
what are Aa afferent fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - includes both 1a fibers from muscle
spindles and 1b fibers for the golgi tendon organ - types of proprioceptors
fastest, largest diameter
what are AB afferent fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - non-noxious mechanoreceptors
what are A- afferent fibers? (idk what that second symbol is) - CORRECT ANSWER -
noxious mechanoreceptors for quick, intense pain
what are C fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - classic pain receptors - deep pain, visceral aching
pain
can also respond to other stimuli - cat response to petting
slowest, smallest diameter
what contributes to afferent input? - CORRECT ANSWER - spinal nerves via dorsal root
ganglion (sensory)
cranial nerves (I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X) - some sensory, some motor, mixed
what are the efferent somatic outputs? - CORRECT ANSWER - upper motor neurons and
lower motor neurons
what are upper motor neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - motor cortex
brain stem
project to motor nuclei of brainstem or spinal cord - active voluntary movement in LMN
what are lower motor neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - final common pathway
, project to muscles
also have reflexive actions - don't require UMN
what are the actions of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems usually? - CORRECT
ANSWER - reciprocal or antagonistic
what is the sympathetic system involved in? - CORRECT ANSWER - autonomic response to
stressful external stimuli
what is the parasympathetic system involved in? - CORRECT ANSWER - controls autonomic
functions in the resting, unstressed animal
what are efferent signals to viscera, glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, etc. influenced by? -
CORRECT ANSWER - afferent feedback
how does autonomic output work in the CNS? - CORRECT ANSWER - preganglionic -
autonomic nuclei in brainstem, autonomic nuclei in spinal cord, project to autonomic ganglia
how does autonomic output work in the PNS? - CORRECT ANSWER - postganglionic -
autonomic ganglia, project to smooth and cardiac muscles, glands, and adipose tissue
what are the three main basic neuron types? - CORRECT ANSWER - bipolar, unipolar,
multipolar
what is the structure of most neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - multipolar
what are the functions of the plasma membrane of the cell body? - CORRECT ANSWER -
phospholipid bilayer functions as a capacitor
provides structural support
determines morphology
Questions and CORRECT Answers
what are the three main functions of the nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - gather
sensory input
integration
effects a motor output
how does the nervous system gather sensory input? - CORRECT ANSWER - by monitoring
internal and external (environment) stimuli (changes) using billions of sensory receptors
how does the nervous system integrate input? - CORRECT ANSWER - processes and
interprets sensory input and makes decisions about what should be done
how does the nervous system effect.a motor output (response)? - CORRECT ANSWER - by
activating muscles or glands
what is the afferent nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - part of peripheral system -
input cells/sensory
what is the efferent nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - part of peripheral system -
output cells/motor
what is the fundamental functional unit of the nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER -
neuron (nerve cell)
how do neurons function? - CORRECT ANSWER - sends and receives information via
electrochemical transmission
what is a nuclei? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collection of cell bodies located within the CNS
,what is a ganglion? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collection of cell bodies located outside the
CNS
what is a nerve? - CORRECT ANSWER - a group of fibers (axons) outside the CNS
what is a tract? - CORRECT ANSWER - a group of fibers inside the CNS
what is a funiculus? - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of fiber tracts
what is gray matter? - CORRECT ANSWER - an area of unmyelinated neurons containing
cell bodies, dendrites, and some axons
where synaptic contacts occur
what is white matter? - CORRECT ANSWER - an area of myelinated fiber tracts in the CNS
what do exterorecptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulation arising outside of the
body (touch, pain, temperature)
what do interoceptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulation arising inside the body
(chemical messengers, stretching of tissue, and internal temperature)
what do proprioreceptors sense? - CORRECT ANSWER - responds to internal stimuli, but
located only in skeletal muscle, tendons, joints, and ligaments as well as in connective tissue
covering bones and muscles
what are the 5 main receptor types and their detected stimuli? - CORRECT ANSWER -
mechanoreceptors (touch, pressure, vibrations)
thermoreceptors (temperature)
photoreceptors (light)
,chemoreceptors (smell, taste, blood chemistry)
nociceptors (pain)
what are Aa afferent fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - includes both 1a fibers from muscle
spindles and 1b fibers for the golgi tendon organ - types of proprioceptors
fastest, largest diameter
what are AB afferent fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - non-noxious mechanoreceptors
what are A- afferent fibers? (idk what that second symbol is) - CORRECT ANSWER -
noxious mechanoreceptors for quick, intense pain
what are C fibers? - CORRECT ANSWER - classic pain receptors - deep pain, visceral aching
pain
can also respond to other stimuli - cat response to petting
slowest, smallest diameter
what contributes to afferent input? - CORRECT ANSWER - spinal nerves via dorsal root
ganglion (sensory)
cranial nerves (I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X) - some sensory, some motor, mixed
what are the efferent somatic outputs? - CORRECT ANSWER - upper motor neurons and
lower motor neurons
what are upper motor neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - motor cortex
brain stem
project to motor nuclei of brainstem or spinal cord - active voluntary movement in LMN
what are lower motor neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - final common pathway
, project to muscles
also have reflexive actions - don't require UMN
what are the actions of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems usually? - CORRECT
ANSWER - reciprocal or antagonistic
what is the sympathetic system involved in? - CORRECT ANSWER - autonomic response to
stressful external stimuli
what is the parasympathetic system involved in? - CORRECT ANSWER - controls autonomic
functions in the resting, unstressed animal
what are efferent signals to viscera, glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, etc. influenced by? -
CORRECT ANSWER - afferent feedback
how does autonomic output work in the CNS? - CORRECT ANSWER - preganglionic -
autonomic nuclei in brainstem, autonomic nuclei in spinal cord, project to autonomic ganglia
how does autonomic output work in the PNS? - CORRECT ANSWER - postganglionic -
autonomic ganglia, project to smooth and cardiac muscles, glands, and adipose tissue
what are the three main basic neuron types? - CORRECT ANSWER - bipolar, unipolar,
multipolar
what is the structure of most neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER - multipolar
what are the functions of the plasma membrane of the cell body? - CORRECT ANSWER -
phospholipid bilayer functions as a capacitor
provides structural support
determines morphology
