ARDMS Breast Registry - Questions With Practical
Solutions
The strongest risk factor for breast cancer Correct Answer - Age
Gold standard for breast imaging Correct Answer - mammography
Sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing;
above 20kHz Correct Answer - Ultrasound
A measure of the response that particles within a specific tissue will make as
sound waves pass through it; determined by tissue density and conpressibility
Correct Answer - Accoustic Impedance
Occurs when there is a change in acoustic impedance across a boundary
between tissue Correct Answer - Reflection
Occurs when the ultrasound bean crosses a bound between tissues that have
different speeds of sound propagation (straw in water appearing to bend)
Correct Answer - Refraction
Mechanical energy carried by the sound pulse is converted into heat within
the tissues Correct Answer - Absorption
The ability to distinguish reflectors that lie along the axis of the beam. This
relates to anterior posterior; this is improved by higher frequencies when the
wave length is smaller Correct Answer - axial resolution
Is the ability to distinguish reflectors that are closely spaced and situated side
by side with in the image plane; therefore it is limited by beam width and
improved by beam focusing Correct Answer - lateral resolution
Frequencies greater than this are recommended for breast ultrasound up to
15MHz Correct Answer - 7.5 MHz transducer
Technique uses ultrasound to assess stiffness of parenchyma, the same way
that a clinician can feel a different in texture Correct Answer -
Elastography
, beginning of breast development; starts at 10-12 years old during puberty
Correct Answer - thelarche
a condition in which puberty begins before the age of 8 in girls Correct
Answer - precocious puberty
development of breast tissue in males; associated with prostate cancer
treatment, excess estrogen, obesity, Cushing's syndrome, cirrhosis,
hyperthyroidism Correct Answer - gynecomastia
A triangular portion of breast tissue that extends toward the axilla Correct
Answer - Tail of Spence
Most commonly found in the axilla but can occur anywhere along the milk
line, Correct Answer - Accessory breast tissue
Small elevated sebaceous glands in the areola. Secrete protective lipid
material during lactation. Responsible for lubricating the nipple Correct
Answer - Montgomery glands
Medial half of the breast and pectoral muscles are supplied by Correct
Answer - internal thoracic artery
Outer half of the breast is supplied by Correct Answer - axillary artery to
lateral thoracic artert
Anterior axillary or subpectoral group of nodes that lie deep to the pectoralis
major near the lateral thoracic artery Correct Answer - Most breast
lymphatics drain where?
Superficial muscle behind breast Correct Answer - Pectoralis major
Deep layer behind pectoralis major and breast Correct Answer - Pectoralis
minor
Axilla under armpit( subscapular, lateral, and pectoral group) Correct
Answer - Level 1 nodes location
Solutions
The strongest risk factor for breast cancer Correct Answer - Age
Gold standard for breast imaging Correct Answer - mammography
Sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing;
above 20kHz Correct Answer - Ultrasound
A measure of the response that particles within a specific tissue will make as
sound waves pass through it; determined by tissue density and conpressibility
Correct Answer - Accoustic Impedance
Occurs when there is a change in acoustic impedance across a boundary
between tissue Correct Answer - Reflection
Occurs when the ultrasound bean crosses a bound between tissues that have
different speeds of sound propagation (straw in water appearing to bend)
Correct Answer - Refraction
Mechanical energy carried by the sound pulse is converted into heat within
the tissues Correct Answer - Absorption
The ability to distinguish reflectors that lie along the axis of the beam. This
relates to anterior posterior; this is improved by higher frequencies when the
wave length is smaller Correct Answer - axial resolution
Is the ability to distinguish reflectors that are closely spaced and situated side
by side with in the image plane; therefore it is limited by beam width and
improved by beam focusing Correct Answer - lateral resolution
Frequencies greater than this are recommended for breast ultrasound up to
15MHz Correct Answer - 7.5 MHz transducer
Technique uses ultrasound to assess stiffness of parenchyma, the same way
that a clinician can feel a different in texture Correct Answer -
Elastography
, beginning of breast development; starts at 10-12 years old during puberty
Correct Answer - thelarche
a condition in which puberty begins before the age of 8 in girls Correct
Answer - precocious puberty
development of breast tissue in males; associated with prostate cancer
treatment, excess estrogen, obesity, Cushing's syndrome, cirrhosis,
hyperthyroidism Correct Answer - gynecomastia
A triangular portion of breast tissue that extends toward the axilla Correct
Answer - Tail of Spence
Most commonly found in the axilla but can occur anywhere along the milk
line, Correct Answer - Accessory breast tissue
Small elevated sebaceous glands in the areola. Secrete protective lipid
material during lactation. Responsible for lubricating the nipple Correct
Answer - Montgomery glands
Medial half of the breast and pectoral muscles are supplied by Correct
Answer - internal thoracic artery
Outer half of the breast is supplied by Correct Answer - axillary artery to
lateral thoracic artert
Anterior axillary or subpectoral group of nodes that lie deep to the pectoralis
major near the lateral thoracic artery Correct Answer - Most breast
lymphatics drain where?
Superficial muscle behind breast Correct Answer - Pectoralis major
Deep layer behind pectoralis major and breast Correct Answer - Pectoralis
minor
Axilla under armpit( subscapular, lateral, and pectoral group) Correct
Answer - Level 1 nodes location
