Verified RN ATI Pharmacology Exam Retake Questions and 100% Answers for 2024/2025.

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Pharmacology Exam
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g Retake Questions and
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100% Answers for
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2024/2025.
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1. Which of the following is the most common side effect of opioid analgesics?
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A) Hypertension
B) Sedation
C) Diarrhea
D) Increased heart rate g g




Answer: B) Sedation g g




Rationale: Opioid analgesics, such as morphine and oxycodone, frequently cause
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sedation as a side effect due to their central nervous system depressant effects.
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They can also lead to respiratory depression, but sedation is the most common
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and expected effect.
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2. What is the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
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A) Inhibit dopamine reuptakeg g



B) Increase the release of norepinephrine
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C) Enhance the effect of GABA g g g g



D) Block serotonin receptors
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Answer: C) Enhance the effect of GABA
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Rationale: Benzodiazepines work by binding to the GABA-A receptor, enhancing
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the inhibitory effect of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). This results in CNS
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depression, which has calming, anxiolytic, and sedative effects.
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3. Which class of drugs is commonly used to treat hypertension by inhibiting the
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renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
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A) Beta-blockers
B) ACE inhibitors
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C) Calcium channel blockers g g



D) Diuretics
Answer: B) ACE inhibitors
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Rationale: ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, inhibit the enzyme angiotensin-
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converting enzyme (ACE), reducing the production of angiotensin II, a potent
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vasoconstrictor. This helps lower blood pressure and reduces the workload on the
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heart.
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4. Which of the following medications is most commonly used for the
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management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
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A) Insulin
B) Metformin
C) Glucagon
D) Levothyroxine
Answer: B) Metformin
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Rationale: Metformin is the first-line medication used for managing Type 2
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gdiabetes mellitus. It works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and
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improving insulin sensitivity.
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5. A patient is prescribed an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection. Which of the
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following antibiotics is a first-line treatment for uncomplicated UTI?
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A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D) Doxycycline
Answer: C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
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Rationale: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is often used as a first-line treatment
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for uncomplicated urinary tract infections due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial
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activity and effectiveness against common UTI pathogens.
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6. Which of the following is a potential side effect of high-dose corticosteroid
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therapy?
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