Opioid Nursing Considerations
a. Pre-administration Assessment
b. Administration
c. Evaluations and Intervention
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, PRE-ADMINISTRATION ASSESSMENT- ASSESS PAIN BEFORE
ADMINISTRATION AND ONE HOUR LATER; DETERMINE VITAL SIGNS
(RR, BP & PULSE); IDENTIFY HIGH RISK PATIENTS.
ADMINISTRATION- ORAL, IM, IV, SUBQ, RECTAL, EPIDURAL,
INTRATHECAL, TRANSDERMAL, AND TRANSMUCOSAL. *ADJUST
DOSAGE TO MEET PT NEEDS*
EVALUATIONS & INTERVENTIONS- EVALUATE FOR PAIN CONTROL
AFTER 1 HOUR OF ADMINISTRATION; MONITOR RESPIRATIONS. *WARN
PT ABOUT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS, DROWSINESS, HYPOTENSION,
URINARY RETENTION
Med Errors Reporting and Reduction
a. Types of Errors
1. Human
2. Communication
3. Name confusion
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TYPES OF ERRORS: WRONG PATIENT, WRONG DRUG, WRONG ROUTE,
WRONG TIME, WRONG DOSE, OMITTED DOSE, WRONG DOSAGE
FORM, WRONG DILUENT, WRONG STRENGHT, WRONG INFUSION RATE,
WRONG TECHNIQUE, DETERIORATED DRUG ERROR (EXPIRED), AND
WRONG DURATION.
HUMAN FACTORS: PERFORMANCE DEFICIT, KNOWLEDGE DEFICIT,
MISCALCULATION OF DOSAGE, DRUG PREPERATION ERROR,
COMPUTER ERROR, STOCKING ERROR, TRANSCRIPTION ERROR,
STRESS, AND FATIGUE OR LACK OF SLEEP
. COMMUNICATION: WRITTEN COMMUNICATION AND ORAL
COMMUNICATION.
NAME CONFUSION: BRAND NAME AND GENERIC NAME CONFUSION
, Major Pharmacokinetics Processes:
a. Medication absorption
b. Medication distribution
c. Medication metabolism
d. Medication excretion Assessment and Evaluation
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MEDICATIOIN ABSORPTION- THE MOVEMENT OF A DRUG FROM SITE
OF ADMINISTRATION TO BLOOD; THE RATE DETERMINES HOW SOON
THE EFFECTS WILL BEGIN. *AMOUNT OF ABSORPTION DETERMINES
HOW INTENSE THE EFFECTS WILL BE*
MEDICATION DISTRIBUTION- DRUG MOVEMENT FROM THE
BLOOD TO INTERSTITIAL SPACE OF TISSUES AND INTO CELLS.
MEDICATION METABOLISM- BIOTRANSFORMATION: DEFINED AS
CHEMICAL ALTERATION OF DRUG STRUCTURE
. THERAPEUTIC CONSEQUENCES: -ACCELERATED RENAL EXCRETION. -
DRUG INACTIVATION. -INCREASES THERAPEUTIC ACTION. -
ACTIVATION OF “PRO-DRUGS.” -INCREASED AND DECREASED
TOXICITY.
MEDICATION EXCRETION- PROCESS OF DRUG REMOVAL FROM
Local & General Anesthetics
a. Classification
b. Mechanism of Action
c. Use with Vasoconstrictors
d. Adverse Effects
e. Use of Local Anesthetic
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a. Pre-administration Assessment
b. Administration
c. Evaluations and Intervention
Give this one a try later!
, PRE-ADMINISTRATION ASSESSMENT- ASSESS PAIN BEFORE
ADMINISTRATION AND ONE HOUR LATER; DETERMINE VITAL SIGNS
(RR, BP & PULSE); IDENTIFY HIGH RISK PATIENTS.
ADMINISTRATION- ORAL, IM, IV, SUBQ, RECTAL, EPIDURAL,
INTRATHECAL, TRANSDERMAL, AND TRANSMUCOSAL. *ADJUST
DOSAGE TO MEET PT NEEDS*
EVALUATIONS & INTERVENTIONS- EVALUATE FOR PAIN CONTROL
AFTER 1 HOUR OF ADMINISTRATION; MONITOR RESPIRATIONS. *WARN
PT ABOUT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS, DROWSINESS, HYPOTENSION,
URINARY RETENTION
Med Errors Reporting and Reduction
a. Types of Errors
1. Human
2. Communication
3. Name confusion
Give this one a try later!
TYPES OF ERRORS: WRONG PATIENT, WRONG DRUG, WRONG ROUTE,
WRONG TIME, WRONG DOSE, OMITTED DOSE, WRONG DOSAGE
FORM, WRONG DILUENT, WRONG STRENGHT, WRONG INFUSION RATE,
WRONG TECHNIQUE, DETERIORATED DRUG ERROR (EXPIRED), AND
WRONG DURATION.
HUMAN FACTORS: PERFORMANCE DEFICIT, KNOWLEDGE DEFICIT,
MISCALCULATION OF DOSAGE, DRUG PREPERATION ERROR,
COMPUTER ERROR, STOCKING ERROR, TRANSCRIPTION ERROR,
STRESS, AND FATIGUE OR LACK OF SLEEP
. COMMUNICATION: WRITTEN COMMUNICATION AND ORAL
COMMUNICATION.
NAME CONFUSION: BRAND NAME AND GENERIC NAME CONFUSION
, Major Pharmacokinetics Processes:
a. Medication absorption
b. Medication distribution
c. Medication metabolism
d. Medication excretion Assessment and Evaluation
Give this one a try later!
MEDICATIOIN ABSORPTION- THE MOVEMENT OF A DRUG FROM SITE
OF ADMINISTRATION TO BLOOD; THE RATE DETERMINES HOW SOON
THE EFFECTS WILL BEGIN. *AMOUNT OF ABSORPTION DETERMINES
HOW INTENSE THE EFFECTS WILL BE*
MEDICATION DISTRIBUTION- DRUG MOVEMENT FROM THE
BLOOD TO INTERSTITIAL SPACE OF TISSUES AND INTO CELLS.
MEDICATION METABOLISM- BIOTRANSFORMATION: DEFINED AS
CHEMICAL ALTERATION OF DRUG STRUCTURE
. THERAPEUTIC CONSEQUENCES: -ACCELERATED RENAL EXCRETION. -
DRUG INACTIVATION. -INCREASES THERAPEUTIC ACTION. -
ACTIVATION OF “PRO-DRUGS.” -INCREASED AND DECREASED
TOXICITY.
MEDICATION EXCRETION- PROCESS OF DRUG REMOVAL FROM
Local & General Anesthetics
a. Classification
b. Mechanism of Action
c. Use with Vasoconstrictors
d. Adverse Effects
e. Use of Local Anesthetic
Give this one a try later!
