HLTH 3030 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025
principles of strategic health communication - Answers Results Oriented
Science Based
Functions on more than one ecological level
Participitory
User Centered
Benefit Oriented
Distributed
Multichanneled/multimedia
what does results oriented mean? - Answers while earlier health education campaigns focused on
increasing knowledge, our efforts today strive for behavior change as well as the health outcomes
associated with improved health behavior.
what does science based mean? - Answers we construct a framework for an intervention based on
analysis of a problem and the best evidence for its solution, as well as theories about how to bring about
change.
how to make sure communication is science based? - Answers every communication intervention tests
one or more hypotheses about behavior change and logic models can be used to asses the value of the
intervention
what does focus on more than one ecological level mean? - Answers is futile to try and change individual
behavior when the larger social network or environment will not tolerate or support the change.
Multiple approaches, tried together or phased, are more strategic. (policy change and community
awareness before individual behaviors)
what does participatory mean? - Answers stockholders are stakeholders. The greater number of people
who have a vested interest in an outcome, the greater the likelihood of its adoption.
Participatory methods and consultation with target audience, gatekeepers, community influentials, and
others is polite and will also - Answers facilitate goal
what is user centered? - Answers learning from commercial marketing, we recognized that the customer
is always right, at least about what they want.
how do we use a user centered approach? - Answers We put the intended user of information or
product at the center of decisions that we make, and bring their views in through formative research,
testing, and evaluation
,what does benefit oriented mean? - Answers as we move away from strictly educational model, focus
on the features of a behavior, product or service that are most important to the intended user instead of
attributes
what does distributed mean? - Answers our efforts today look for multiple means by which an intended
user can obtain information or products to help them change their behavior
what does distributed emphasize? - Answers self efficacy or community empowerment. Again, learning
from past success, ground up and widely available are better than top down of limited distribution.
what does multichanneled/multimedia mean? - Answers most strategic communication is matched to
where the intended user will most effectively receive it, where the user will be able to act on it and
where it appears in a format that someone can easily use
how can you use multimedia outlets effectively? - Answers blends of outlets and media are better than
choosing only one channel or medium; research suggests that the more channels carrying a message,
the more likely one user will receive and act on them; dose-response effect
Ideally, we can continue to engage in a dialogue with the user so that his or her input continues to
shape the communication strategy or marketing offering.
Characteristics of objectives (SMART approach) - Answers Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time bound
what does specific mean? - Answers what exactly are we trying to achieve. The specific part of the
objective tells us what will change and for whom in concrete terms.
what have we identified in the specific phase? - Answers We have identified the audience (primary or
secondary) and what specific goal they are trying to achieve (MIL focused on DIL feeding mashed
pumpkin to baby at 6mos, how much, when).
At this stage, we don't know how the MIL will demonstrate her support, ie there is no concrete
observable action.
, what is measurable? - Answers can this phenomenon be measured and do we have the ability to
measure it? Having come up with a desirable action, we next have to devise meanings of measuring or
counting it using the resources at hand
If we are prompting adoption of a new behavior, what do we need interms of measurement? - Answers
we need a categorical indicator (yes this has happened, not it did not) and regularity so we can detect
the change with limited observation.
what is achievable/attainable? - Answers can the target population demonstrate this change within the
proposed time frame? Do we have resources available to prompt this level of change?
what is part one of making sure communication is achievable? - Answers whether the person receiving
the intervention will be able to adopt and demonstrate the proposed change by the time we plan to
measure again
Unless we are able to make 50% of the target audience aware of our message, it is unlikely that many
people will move through stages of contemplation, trial, and maintenance
what is part two of making sure the communication is achievable? - Answers Second part has to do with
the resources we will put into the communication campaign or intervention
Need to maintain the duration of the campaign. If we do not have the resources to do this, we should
not set an objective that is unattainable given our resources.
what is relevant/realistic? - Answers will this objective have an effect on the desired health goal? Is it
reasonable to expect this level of change?
if everyone adopted the health behavior - Answers there would be enormous reduction in health
problem. But if things go as they normally do, with no more than half of the population trying the
behavior, we would have a relatively small impact, or none at all unless this was promoted for several
years.
what is time bound? - Answers by when will this objective be accomplished? Develop an ambitious, but
reasonable time frame for the behavioral objective.
If resources are limited in terms of penetration of the target audience? - Answers we need to allow
more time
If the behavior is cyclical this should also be taken into consideration.
principles of strategic health communication - Answers Results Oriented
Science Based
Functions on more than one ecological level
Participitory
User Centered
Benefit Oriented
Distributed
Multichanneled/multimedia
what does results oriented mean? - Answers while earlier health education campaigns focused on
increasing knowledge, our efforts today strive for behavior change as well as the health outcomes
associated with improved health behavior.
what does science based mean? - Answers we construct a framework for an intervention based on
analysis of a problem and the best evidence for its solution, as well as theories about how to bring about
change.
how to make sure communication is science based? - Answers every communication intervention tests
one or more hypotheses about behavior change and logic models can be used to asses the value of the
intervention
what does focus on more than one ecological level mean? - Answers is futile to try and change individual
behavior when the larger social network or environment will not tolerate or support the change.
Multiple approaches, tried together or phased, are more strategic. (policy change and community
awareness before individual behaviors)
what does participatory mean? - Answers stockholders are stakeholders. The greater number of people
who have a vested interest in an outcome, the greater the likelihood of its adoption.
Participatory methods and consultation with target audience, gatekeepers, community influentials, and
others is polite and will also - Answers facilitate goal
what is user centered? - Answers learning from commercial marketing, we recognized that the customer
is always right, at least about what they want.
how do we use a user centered approach? - Answers We put the intended user of information or
product at the center of decisions that we make, and bring their views in through formative research,
testing, and evaluation
,what does benefit oriented mean? - Answers as we move away from strictly educational model, focus
on the features of a behavior, product or service that are most important to the intended user instead of
attributes
what does distributed mean? - Answers our efforts today look for multiple means by which an intended
user can obtain information or products to help them change their behavior
what does distributed emphasize? - Answers self efficacy or community empowerment. Again, learning
from past success, ground up and widely available are better than top down of limited distribution.
what does multichanneled/multimedia mean? - Answers most strategic communication is matched to
where the intended user will most effectively receive it, where the user will be able to act on it and
where it appears in a format that someone can easily use
how can you use multimedia outlets effectively? - Answers blends of outlets and media are better than
choosing only one channel or medium; research suggests that the more channels carrying a message,
the more likely one user will receive and act on them; dose-response effect
Ideally, we can continue to engage in a dialogue with the user so that his or her input continues to
shape the communication strategy or marketing offering.
Characteristics of objectives (SMART approach) - Answers Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time bound
what does specific mean? - Answers what exactly are we trying to achieve. The specific part of the
objective tells us what will change and for whom in concrete terms.
what have we identified in the specific phase? - Answers We have identified the audience (primary or
secondary) and what specific goal they are trying to achieve (MIL focused on DIL feeding mashed
pumpkin to baby at 6mos, how much, when).
At this stage, we don't know how the MIL will demonstrate her support, ie there is no concrete
observable action.
, what is measurable? - Answers can this phenomenon be measured and do we have the ability to
measure it? Having come up with a desirable action, we next have to devise meanings of measuring or
counting it using the resources at hand
If we are prompting adoption of a new behavior, what do we need interms of measurement? - Answers
we need a categorical indicator (yes this has happened, not it did not) and regularity so we can detect
the change with limited observation.
what is achievable/attainable? - Answers can the target population demonstrate this change within the
proposed time frame? Do we have resources available to prompt this level of change?
what is part one of making sure communication is achievable? - Answers whether the person receiving
the intervention will be able to adopt and demonstrate the proposed change by the time we plan to
measure again
Unless we are able to make 50% of the target audience aware of our message, it is unlikely that many
people will move through stages of contemplation, trial, and maintenance
what is part two of making sure the communication is achievable? - Answers Second part has to do with
the resources we will put into the communication campaign or intervention
Need to maintain the duration of the campaign. If we do not have the resources to do this, we should
not set an objective that is unattainable given our resources.
what is relevant/realistic? - Answers will this objective have an effect on the desired health goal? Is it
reasonable to expect this level of change?
if everyone adopted the health behavior - Answers there would be enormous reduction in health
problem. But if things go as they normally do, with no more than half of the population trying the
behavior, we would have a relatively small impact, or none at all unless this was promoted for several
years.
what is time bound? - Answers by when will this objective be accomplished? Develop an ambitious, but
reasonable time frame for the behavioral objective.
If resources are limited in terms of penetration of the target audience? - Answers we need to allow
more time
If the behavior is cyclical this should also be taken into consideration.
