RNSG 1301 PHARM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
How does a nurse know a client is experiencing an adverse reactions or allergic react? -
Correct Answer-Adverse Reaction:Adverse effects are undesired effects that may be
unpleasant or even dangerousThe drug may have other effects on the body besides the
therapeutic effect.The patient may be sensitive to the drug being given.The drug's
action on the body may cause other responses that are undesirable or unpleasant.The
patient may be taking too much or too little of the drug, leading to adverse
effects.Allergic Reaction:formation of antibodies to a drug or drug protein; causes an
immune response when the person is next exposed to that drug. A patient cannot be
allergic to a drug that has never been taken, although patients can have cross-allergies
to drugs within the same drug class as one formerly taken. Drug allergies fall into four
main classifications: anaphylactic reactions, cytotoxic reactions, serum sickness, and
delayed reactions
What are the roles of the different regulating bodies for medications?
(i.e. DEA, FDA, CDC,etc.) - Correct Answer-Food and Drug Administration
(FDA):federal agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of drug evaluation
and distribution policies Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA):responsible for enforcement
of controlled substance policies: regulates the manufacturing, distribution, and
dispensing of drugs that are known to have abuse potential. Drug schedules.Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):Its main goal is to protectpublic healthand safety
through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability in the US and
internationally. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease
control and prevention.
The half- life of a medication is 60 minutes.
What does this mean? - Correct Answer-Time it takes for the amount of drug in the
body to decrease to one half of the peak level it previously achieved. For instance, if a
patient takes 20 mg of a drug with a half-life of 2 hours, 10 mg of the drug will remain 2
hours after administration. Two hours later, 5 mg will be left (one half of the previous
level); in 2 more hours, only 2.5 mg will remain.
Understand the Nursing Process and be prepared to recognize examples of it. - Correct
Answer-ADPIE
, What factors affect absorption of an oral medication? - Correct Answer-- The acidity of
the stomach
-Length of time in the stomach
-Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract
-Presence of interacting foods or drugs.
What are the differences in the pregnancy categories? - Correct Answer-Evidence in
human fetal risk. Benefits may be acceptable despite being on drugs.
.What is the purpose of a scopolamine patch and how are they applied? - Correct
Answer-- Decreases nausea and vomiting from motion sickness
- Decrease GI secretions
- Used to induce obstetric amnesia & relaxes pregnant patient
- Relieves urinary problems
-Used for adjunctive for ulcers
- Used to dilate pupils & aid examination of the eye & pre and post ops with eye
surgery.
What are mydriatics?
Who are they used on?
Any cultural/ethnic groups require different dosages.
Why or why not? - Correct Answer-= dilate the pupil for examination of retina;
cycloplegics paralyze the muscles that control the lens to aid refract.
Used On: dark-pigmented eyes.
Less effective in African Americans
What are anticholinergics?
What are the side effects? - Correct Answer--Block the effects of acetylcholine
-Decrease secretions before anesthesia, to treat parkinsonism
- Restore cardiac rate and blood pressure after vagal stimulation during surgery
-Relieves bradycardia caused by a hyperactive carotid sinus reflex Relieve pylorospasm
and hyperactive bowel, to prevent the signs and symptoms of motion sickness and
vomiting to relax biliary and ureteral colic, to relax bladder detrusor muscles and tighten
sphincters, to help to control crying or laughing episodes in patients with brain injuries,
to relax uterine hypertonicity, to help in the management of peptic ulcer, to control
rhinorrhea associated with hay fever, as an antidote for cholinergic drugs and for
poisoning by certain mushrooms, and as an ophthalmic agent to cause mydriasis or
cycloplegia in acute inflammatory conditions
SIDE EFFECTS: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, paralytic ileus, constipation
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
How does a nurse know a client is experiencing an adverse reactions or allergic react? -
Correct Answer-Adverse Reaction:Adverse effects are undesired effects that may be
unpleasant or even dangerousThe drug may have other effects on the body besides the
therapeutic effect.The patient may be sensitive to the drug being given.The drug's
action on the body may cause other responses that are undesirable or unpleasant.The
patient may be taking too much or too little of the drug, leading to adverse
effects.Allergic Reaction:formation of antibodies to a drug or drug protein; causes an
immune response when the person is next exposed to that drug. A patient cannot be
allergic to a drug that has never been taken, although patients can have cross-allergies
to drugs within the same drug class as one formerly taken. Drug allergies fall into four
main classifications: anaphylactic reactions, cytotoxic reactions, serum sickness, and
delayed reactions
What are the roles of the different regulating bodies for medications?
(i.e. DEA, FDA, CDC,etc.) - Correct Answer-Food and Drug Administration
(FDA):federal agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of drug evaluation
and distribution policies Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA):responsible for enforcement
of controlled substance policies: regulates the manufacturing, distribution, and
dispensing of drugs that are known to have abuse potential. Drug schedules.Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):Its main goal is to protectpublic healthand safety
through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability in the US and
internationally. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease
control and prevention.
The half- life of a medication is 60 minutes.
What does this mean? - Correct Answer-Time it takes for the amount of drug in the
body to decrease to one half of the peak level it previously achieved. For instance, if a
patient takes 20 mg of a drug with a half-life of 2 hours, 10 mg of the drug will remain 2
hours after administration. Two hours later, 5 mg will be left (one half of the previous
level); in 2 more hours, only 2.5 mg will remain.
Understand the Nursing Process and be prepared to recognize examples of it. - Correct
Answer-ADPIE
, What factors affect absorption of an oral medication? - Correct Answer-- The acidity of
the stomach
-Length of time in the stomach
-Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract
-Presence of interacting foods or drugs.
What are the differences in the pregnancy categories? - Correct Answer-Evidence in
human fetal risk. Benefits may be acceptable despite being on drugs.
.What is the purpose of a scopolamine patch and how are they applied? - Correct
Answer-- Decreases nausea and vomiting from motion sickness
- Decrease GI secretions
- Used to induce obstetric amnesia & relaxes pregnant patient
- Relieves urinary problems
-Used for adjunctive for ulcers
- Used to dilate pupils & aid examination of the eye & pre and post ops with eye
surgery.
What are mydriatics?
Who are they used on?
Any cultural/ethnic groups require different dosages.
Why or why not? - Correct Answer-= dilate the pupil for examination of retina;
cycloplegics paralyze the muscles that control the lens to aid refract.
Used On: dark-pigmented eyes.
Less effective in African Americans
What are anticholinergics?
What are the side effects? - Correct Answer--Block the effects of acetylcholine
-Decrease secretions before anesthesia, to treat parkinsonism
- Restore cardiac rate and blood pressure after vagal stimulation during surgery
-Relieves bradycardia caused by a hyperactive carotid sinus reflex Relieve pylorospasm
and hyperactive bowel, to prevent the signs and symptoms of motion sickness and
vomiting to relax biliary and ureteral colic, to relax bladder detrusor muscles and tighten
sphincters, to help to control crying or laughing episodes in patients with brain injuries,
to relax uterine hypertonicity, to help in the management of peptic ulcer, to control
rhinorrhea associated with hay fever, as an antidote for cholinergic drugs and for
poisoning by certain mushrooms, and as an ophthalmic agent to cause mydriasis or
cycloplegia in acute inflammatory conditions
SIDE EFFECTS: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, paralytic ileus, constipation
