NU 636
Advanced Pharmacology
Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
Question: Which of the following is the primary mechanism of
action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
A. Blocking angiotensin II receptors
B. Preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
C. Increasing aldosterone release
D. Enhancing sodium reabsorption in the renal tubules
ANS: B
©2025
, Rationale: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin
I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone
secretion, thereby lowering blood pressure.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: ____________ is the antidote used to treat
acetaminophen toxicity by replenishing glutathione stores in the
liver.
ANS: N-acetylcysteine
Rationale: N-acetylcysteine acts as a precursor to glutathione,
aiding in the detoxification of the toxic metabolite NAPQI in
acetaminophen overdose.
---
3. True/False
Question: Beta-1 selective blockers, such as metoprolol, are
preferred for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD).
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: Beta-1 selective blockers specifically target the
heart and have minimal effects on beta-2 receptors in the lungs,
reducing the risk of bronchoconstriction.
---
4. Multiple Response
Question: Which of the following are common side effects of
corticosteroid therapy? (Select all that apply)
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Osteoporosis
- C. Increased risk of infection
- D. Hypokalemia
ANS: A, B, C
Rationale: Corticosteroids can cause hyperglycemia,
osteoporosis, and increased susceptibility to infection.
Hypokalemia is not a typical side effect but may occur indirectly
with mineralocorticoid activity.
---
©2025
, 5. Multiple Choice
Question: What is the primary benefit of selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) over tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
A. Faster onset of action
B. Lower risk of sedation and anticholinergic side effects
C. Increased effectiveness for severe depression
D. Direct stimulation of serotonin release
ANS: B
Rationale: SSRIs have fewer side effects, such as sedation and
anticholinergic effects, compared to TCAs, making them safer for
a broader patient population.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: The therapeutic range of warfarin is monitored using
the ____________.
ANS: International Normalized Ratio (INR)
©2025
Advanced Pharmacology
Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
Question: Which of the following is the primary mechanism of
action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
A. Blocking angiotensin II receptors
B. Preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
C. Increasing aldosterone release
D. Enhancing sodium reabsorption in the renal tubules
ANS: B
©2025
, Rationale: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin
I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone
secretion, thereby lowering blood pressure.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: ____________ is the antidote used to treat
acetaminophen toxicity by replenishing glutathione stores in the
liver.
ANS: N-acetylcysteine
Rationale: N-acetylcysteine acts as a precursor to glutathione,
aiding in the detoxification of the toxic metabolite NAPQI in
acetaminophen overdose.
---
3. True/False
Question: Beta-1 selective blockers, such as metoprolol, are
preferred for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD).
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: Beta-1 selective blockers specifically target the
heart and have minimal effects on beta-2 receptors in the lungs,
reducing the risk of bronchoconstriction.
---
4. Multiple Response
Question: Which of the following are common side effects of
corticosteroid therapy? (Select all that apply)
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Osteoporosis
- C. Increased risk of infection
- D. Hypokalemia
ANS: A, B, C
Rationale: Corticosteroids can cause hyperglycemia,
osteoporosis, and increased susceptibility to infection.
Hypokalemia is not a typical side effect but may occur indirectly
with mineralocorticoid activity.
---
©2025
, 5. Multiple Choice
Question: What is the primary benefit of selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) over tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
A. Faster onset of action
B. Lower risk of sedation and anticholinergic side effects
C. Increased effectiveness for severe depression
D. Direct stimulation of serotonin release
ANS: B
Rationale: SSRIs have fewer side effects, such as sedation and
anticholinergic effects, compared to TCAs, making them safer for
a broader patient population.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: The therapeutic range of warfarin is monitored using
the ____________.
ANS: International Normalized Ratio (INR)
©2025
