TEST BANK FOR CURRENT MEDICAL
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 2025/2026
62ND EDITION BY BY MAXINE
PAPADAKIS EXAM QUESTIONS
<40 bpm - ANS-Complete heart block
<60 bpm - ANS-sinus bradycardia
100-175 bpm - ANS-Atrial Flutter with a regular ventricular response (fast)
100-180 bpm - ANS-sinus tachycardia
150-250 bpm - ANS-supraventricular (atrial or nodal) tachycardia
30-60 bpm - ANS-second-degree AV block (slow)
60-100 bpm - ANS-Second- degree AV Block (normal)
60-90 bpm - ANS-normal sinus rhythm (heart rate)
75-100 bpm - ANS-Atrial Flutter with a regular ventricular response (normal)
Accentuated S1 - ANS-tachycardia, rhythms with a short PR interval, and high cardiac
output state, mitral stenosis
Atrial or nodal beat comes earlier than expected followed by a pause, and then rhythm
resumes.
Heart sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from the S1 of normal beats and S2 may be
decreased - ANS-Atrial or nodal Premature contractions
(supraventricular)
Beat of ventricular origin comes early the expected, followed by a pause and the rhythm
resumes.
Heart sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from normal S1, and S2 may be decreased. Both
are likely to be split. - ANS-Sporadic Ventricular Premature Contractions (ventricular
bigeminy or trigeminy
Bigeminal pulse - ANS-normal beat alternating with premature contraction
, Bisferiens pulse - ANS-increased arterial pulse with a double systolic peak
Cardiac rhythms may be classified as: - ANS-Regular or irregular
Diffuse ventricular impulse of ventricular dilation from chronic overload - ANS-increased
afterload
Diminished S1 - ANS-1st degree heart block, left bundle branch block, MI, Early mitral valve
closure occurring before ventricular contraction also causes a soft S1, seen in severe aortic
regurgitation
Fast >100 quotes - ANS-Sinus Tachycardia
Supraventricular (atrial or nodal) Tachycardia
Atrial Flutter with a normal ventricular response
Ventricular Tachycardia
if rhythm is irregular - ANS-be aware the pattern of irregularity
(sporadic, frequently irregular, or irregularly abnormal)
If the rhythm is everyday, - ANS-Look at the charge
(>a hundred Fast, 60-ninety Normal, or <60 Slow)
In a healthy heart, the left ventricular impulse is - ANS-the PMI
Large bounding reasons - ANS-Increased stroke quantity, Decreased peripheral resistance,
Fever, Anemia, Hyperthyroidism, Aortic Regurgitation, Arteriovenous fistulas, patent ductus
arteriosus, bradycardia, complete heart block, atherosclerosis
Large, bounding pulse - ANS-- Increased pulse stress
- Strong and bounding on palpation
- Rapid rise and fall with a brief systolic top
Left Ventricular Impulse (hyperkinetic) - ANS-More forceful tapping
< 2/3 systole
Left Ventricular Impulse (hyperkinetic) causes - ANS-Anxiety, Hyperthyroidism, severe
anemia
Left ventricular impulse (pressure overload) - ANS-More forceful tapping
Sustained up to S2
Left Ventricular Impulse (Pressure overload) causes - ANS-Aortic stenosis, hypertension
Left Ventricular Impulse (Volume overload) - ANS-Loc: displace to left and downward
Dia: >2cm
Amp: diffuse
Dur: frequently barely sustained
Causes: aortic or mitral regurgitation
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 2025/2026
62ND EDITION BY BY MAXINE
PAPADAKIS EXAM QUESTIONS
<40 bpm - ANS-Complete heart block
<60 bpm - ANS-sinus bradycardia
100-175 bpm - ANS-Atrial Flutter with a regular ventricular response (fast)
100-180 bpm - ANS-sinus tachycardia
150-250 bpm - ANS-supraventricular (atrial or nodal) tachycardia
30-60 bpm - ANS-second-degree AV block (slow)
60-100 bpm - ANS-Second- degree AV Block (normal)
60-90 bpm - ANS-normal sinus rhythm (heart rate)
75-100 bpm - ANS-Atrial Flutter with a regular ventricular response (normal)
Accentuated S1 - ANS-tachycardia, rhythms with a short PR interval, and high cardiac
output state, mitral stenosis
Atrial or nodal beat comes earlier than expected followed by a pause, and then rhythm
resumes.
Heart sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from the S1 of normal beats and S2 may be
decreased - ANS-Atrial or nodal Premature contractions
(supraventricular)
Beat of ventricular origin comes early the expected, followed by a pause and the rhythm
resumes.
Heart sounds: S1 may differ in intensity from normal S1, and S2 may be decreased. Both
are likely to be split. - ANS-Sporadic Ventricular Premature Contractions (ventricular
bigeminy or trigeminy
Bigeminal pulse - ANS-normal beat alternating with premature contraction
, Bisferiens pulse - ANS-increased arterial pulse with a double systolic peak
Cardiac rhythms may be classified as: - ANS-Regular or irregular
Diffuse ventricular impulse of ventricular dilation from chronic overload - ANS-increased
afterload
Diminished S1 - ANS-1st degree heart block, left bundle branch block, MI, Early mitral valve
closure occurring before ventricular contraction also causes a soft S1, seen in severe aortic
regurgitation
Fast >100 quotes - ANS-Sinus Tachycardia
Supraventricular (atrial or nodal) Tachycardia
Atrial Flutter with a normal ventricular response
Ventricular Tachycardia
if rhythm is irregular - ANS-be aware the pattern of irregularity
(sporadic, frequently irregular, or irregularly abnormal)
If the rhythm is everyday, - ANS-Look at the charge
(>a hundred Fast, 60-ninety Normal, or <60 Slow)
In a healthy heart, the left ventricular impulse is - ANS-the PMI
Large bounding reasons - ANS-Increased stroke quantity, Decreased peripheral resistance,
Fever, Anemia, Hyperthyroidism, Aortic Regurgitation, Arteriovenous fistulas, patent ductus
arteriosus, bradycardia, complete heart block, atherosclerosis
Large, bounding pulse - ANS-- Increased pulse stress
- Strong and bounding on palpation
- Rapid rise and fall with a brief systolic top
Left Ventricular Impulse (hyperkinetic) - ANS-More forceful tapping
< 2/3 systole
Left Ventricular Impulse (hyperkinetic) causes - ANS-Anxiety, Hyperthyroidism, severe
anemia
Left ventricular impulse (pressure overload) - ANS-More forceful tapping
Sustained up to S2
Left Ventricular Impulse (Pressure overload) causes - ANS-Aortic stenosis, hypertension
Left Ventricular Impulse (Volume overload) - ANS-Loc: displace to left and downward
Dia: >2cm
Amp: diffuse
Dur: frequently barely sustained
Causes: aortic or mitral regurgitation
