FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING (NURB
235) EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (RATED A+)
-Caregiver --> using assessment skills to provide nuanced and patient centered
care; providing holistic care
-Advocate --> making sure to protect the rights of both yourself and the patient
through more day-to-day based actions
-Activist --> acting on behalf of the patient's rights and your own rights in a more
legal-based sense (ie. testifying in court)
-Educator --> explaining processes, nutrition, conditions, etc. all the way up through
discharge
-Communicator --> making sure to communicate with other nurses, the physician,
and the patient every step of the way
-Coordinator --> organizing what care to provide and when to provide it
-Manager --> managing patient care and making sure others know the when, why,
how, etc. of the care; budgeting and other managerial duties
-Leader --> taking charge and leading the team in patient care
-Innovator --> coming up with creative and effective methods of caring for patients a -
ANSWERState and describe the 10 roles of nursing.
autonomy and accountability - ANSWERWhat are 2 nursing responsibilities?
The nursing process is a critical thinking model of how a competent RN processes
information and performs behavior accordingly. - ANSWERWhat is the nursing
process?
-ABC's (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
-Ex: 48 year old male with chest pain - ANSWERWhat is considered first level
prioritization?
-Mental status change, pain, abnormal urination, critical lab values, and safety
concerns
-Ex: 68 year old male who had a ground level fall; a 19 year old female with frequent
headaches and stable vital signs - ANSWERWhat is considered second-level
prioritization?
Autonomy is the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical
orders - ANSWERWhat is autonomy?
Accountability is taking responsibility for the type and quality of nursing care
provided, lack of nursing care, or mistakes. This includes remaining current and
competent in nursing, science knowledge, and technical skills. - ANSWERWhat is
accountability?
, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Nurse Midwife, Nurse Practitioner, and Certified Nurse
Anesthetist are considered APRNs. These all require a MSN (Masters in Nursing)
degree. - ANSWERWhat types of nurses are considered Advanced Practice RNs
(APRNs), and what is the minimum education required for these?
-Ethical
-Personal
-Aesthetic/esthetic
-Empirical - ANSWERWhat are the 4 nursing patterns of knowing?
The ethical pattern of knowing involves knowing right from wrong and following the
Code of Ethics for Nurses. - ANSWERDescribe the ethical pattern of knowing.
The personal pattern of knowing involves building relationships with patients and
providing holistic care. - ANSWERDescribe the personal pattern of knowing.
The aesthetic/esthetic pattern of knowing involves the art of nursing that embraces
spirituality, healing, compassion, and mutual respect. It is related to overall empathy
and is gained through experience. - ANSWERDescribe the aesthetic/esthetic pattern
of knowing.
The empirical pattern of knowing involves the science of nursing based on a body of
knowledge and evidence-based practices. It involves facts, book knowledge,
evidence and data, etc. - ANSWERDescribe the empirical pattern of knowing.
-A non-urgent cough or runny nose, education, collaborative teams
-Ex: 5 year old child that is not exhibiting any significant distress at this time and is
playing with a toy - ANSWERWhat is considered third-level prioritization?
-Primary --> preventative care that involves improving health outcome for the entire
population (ie. clinics, primary care provider)
-Secondary --> hospital-based acute care settings such as an outpatient setting or a
radiologist
-Tertiary --> more severe acute care settings such as ICU, med-surg, and psychiatric
wards
-Restorative --> rehabilitation focus (ie. physical therapy, non-hospitalized drug
rehab)
-Continuing --> long term and respite care (ie. nursing homes, hospice) -
ANSWERWhat are the levels of care?
W Betty Neuman's System's Model depicts a person's biological needs as being an
epicenter around which a line of defense is built against outside stressors. The
System's Model suggests that nurses should promote and build up defenses where
there are gaps in a patient's line of defense. - ANSWERWhat is the System's Model,
and who came up with it?
Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model suggests that health promoting behaviors
result in improved health, functional ability, and quality of life. The Health Promotion
Model also suggests that self-efficacy and a patient's personal characteristics,
experiences, and beliefs affect their motivation to adopt healthy behaviors. Nurses
235) EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (RATED A+)
-Caregiver --> using assessment skills to provide nuanced and patient centered
care; providing holistic care
-Advocate --> making sure to protect the rights of both yourself and the patient
through more day-to-day based actions
-Activist --> acting on behalf of the patient's rights and your own rights in a more
legal-based sense (ie. testifying in court)
-Educator --> explaining processes, nutrition, conditions, etc. all the way up through
discharge
-Communicator --> making sure to communicate with other nurses, the physician,
and the patient every step of the way
-Coordinator --> organizing what care to provide and when to provide it
-Manager --> managing patient care and making sure others know the when, why,
how, etc. of the care; budgeting and other managerial duties
-Leader --> taking charge and leading the team in patient care
-Innovator --> coming up with creative and effective methods of caring for patients a -
ANSWERState and describe the 10 roles of nursing.
autonomy and accountability - ANSWERWhat are 2 nursing responsibilities?
The nursing process is a critical thinking model of how a competent RN processes
information and performs behavior accordingly. - ANSWERWhat is the nursing
process?
-ABC's (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
-Ex: 48 year old male with chest pain - ANSWERWhat is considered first level
prioritization?
-Mental status change, pain, abnormal urination, critical lab values, and safety
concerns
-Ex: 68 year old male who had a ground level fall; a 19 year old female with frequent
headaches and stable vital signs - ANSWERWhat is considered second-level
prioritization?
Autonomy is the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical
orders - ANSWERWhat is autonomy?
Accountability is taking responsibility for the type and quality of nursing care
provided, lack of nursing care, or mistakes. This includes remaining current and
competent in nursing, science knowledge, and technical skills. - ANSWERWhat is
accountability?
, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Nurse Midwife, Nurse Practitioner, and Certified Nurse
Anesthetist are considered APRNs. These all require a MSN (Masters in Nursing)
degree. - ANSWERWhat types of nurses are considered Advanced Practice RNs
(APRNs), and what is the minimum education required for these?
-Ethical
-Personal
-Aesthetic/esthetic
-Empirical - ANSWERWhat are the 4 nursing patterns of knowing?
The ethical pattern of knowing involves knowing right from wrong and following the
Code of Ethics for Nurses. - ANSWERDescribe the ethical pattern of knowing.
The personal pattern of knowing involves building relationships with patients and
providing holistic care. - ANSWERDescribe the personal pattern of knowing.
The aesthetic/esthetic pattern of knowing involves the art of nursing that embraces
spirituality, healing, compassion, and mutual respect. It is related to overall empathy
and is gained through experience. - ANSWERDescribe the aesthetic/esthetic pattern
of knowing.
The empirical pattern of knowing involves the science of nursing based on a body of
knowledge and evidence-based practices. It involves facts, book knowledge,
evidence and data, etc. - ANSWERDescribe the empirical pattern of knowing.
-A non-urgent cough or runny nose, education, collaborative teams
-Ex: 5 year old child that is not exhibiting any significant distress at this time and is
playing with a toy - ANSWERWhat is considered third-level prioritization?
-Primary --> preventative care that involves improving health outcome for the entire
population (ie. clinics, primary care provider)
-Secondary --> hospital-based acute care settings such as an outpatient setting or a
radiologist
-Tertiary --> more severe acute care settings such as ICU, med-surg, and psychiatric
wards
-Restorative --> rehabilitation focus (ie. physical therapy, non-hospitalized drug
rehab)
-Continuing --> long term and respite care (ie. nursing homes, hospice) -
ANSWERWhat are the levels of care?
W Betty Neuman's System's Model depicts a person's biological needs as being an
epicenter around which a line of defense is built against outside stressors. The
System's Model suggests that nurses should promote and build up defenses where
there are gaps in a patient's line of defense. - ANSWERWhat is the System's Model,
and who came up with it?
Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model suggests that health promoting behaviors
result in improved health, functional ability, and quality of life. The Health Promotion
Model also suggests that self-efficacy and a patient's personal characteristics,
experiences, and beliefs affect their motivation to adopt healthy behaviors. Nurses
