FTCE ESE K-12 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | EXCEPTIONAL STUDENT EDUCATION K-
12
IDEA - ans -Individuals with Disabilities Act. Requires states to provide free,
appropriate public education for all students with disabilities who participate in
special education. The four main challenge areas: learning, social/emotional,
motor skills, and communication. The basic source of law for special education.
Represents the latest phase in the philosophy of educating children with
disabilities
*Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 - ans -Topeka, Kansas. Addressed the
inequality of "separate but equal" facilities on the basis of race. School
segregation became illegal.
*Diana v. The State Board of Education, 1970 - ans -This case resulted in the
decision that all children must be tested in their native language
Wyatt v. Stickney, 1971 - ans -Established the right to adequate treatment
(education) for institutionalized persons with mental retardation
*Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, 1972 - ans -The first right to education lawsuit. Laid the foundation
for the right to education for all children with disabilities previously denied if they
had not attained a mental age of 5 by the start of first grade. Special Education
was guaranteed to children with mental retardation. The victory in this case
sparked other court cases for children with other disabilities.
*Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia, 1972 - ans -The right to
special education was extended to all children with disabilities, not just mentally
retarded children. Judgements in PARC and Mills paved the way for P.L. 94-142.
Students with disabilities must be given education regardless of the schools'
financial limitations.
Public Law 93-112 (Rehabilitation Amendments of 1973) - ans -The first
comprehensive federal statute to address specifically the rights of disabled youth.
,It prohibited illegal discrimination in education, employment, or housing on the
basis of a disability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - ans -Section 504 expands on older law by
extending its protection to other areas that receive federal assistance, such as
education. Protected individuals must (a) have a physical or mental impairment
that substantially limits one or more major life activities, such as self-care,
walking, seeing, breathing, working, or learning; (b) have a record of such an
impairment; or (c) be regarded as having such an impairment. A disability in itself
is not sufficient grounds for a complaint of discrimination. The person must be
otherwise qualified, or able to meet, the requirements of the program in
question.
Public Law 93-380 (Education Amendments of 1974) - ans -P.L.94-142 is the
funding portion of this act. It required states to provide full educational
opportunities for children with disabilities. It addressed identification, fair
evaluation, alternative placements, due process procedures, and free,
appropriate public education.
Public Law 94-142 Education for all Handicapped Children Act), 1975 - ans -
Provided for a free, appropriate public education for all children with disabilities,
defined special education and related services, and imposed rigid guidelines on
the provisions of those services. It paralleled the provision for a free and
appropriate public education in section 504 of Public Law 94-142 and extended
these services to preschool children with disabilities (ages 3-5) through provisions
to preschool incentive grants.
Seven fundamental provisions of IDEA - ans -1. Free Appropriate Public Education
(FAPE)
2. Notification and procedural rights for parents.
3. Identification and services to all children
4. Necessary related services.
5. Individualized assessments
6. Individualized Education Plans (IEP's)
7. Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
, Goss v. Lopez, 1975 - ans -This case ruled that the state could not deny a student
education without following due process. While this decision is not based on a
special education issue, the process of school suspension and expulsion is
obviously critical in assuring an appropriate public education to children with
disabilities.
Public Law 95-56 (Gifted and Talented Children's Act), 1978 - ans -This case
defined the gifted and talented population, and focused upon this exceptionally
category, which was not included in Public Law 94-142
*Larry P. V. Riles, 1979 - ans -This case ordered the reevaluation of black students
enrolled in classes for educable mental retardation (EMR) and enjoined the
California State Department of Education from the use of intelligible tests in
subsequent EMR placement decisions.
Parents in Action on Special Education (PASE) v. Hannon, 1980 - ans -Ruled that IQ
tests are necessarily biased against ethnic and racial subcultures.
Board of Education v. Rowley, 1982 - ans -Amy Rowley was a deaf elementary
school student whose parents rejected their school district's proposal to provide a
tutor and speech therapist services to supplement their daughter's instruction in
the regular classroom. Her parents insisted on an interpreter even though Amy
was making satisfactory social, academic, and educational progress without one.
In deciding in favor of the school district, the Supreme Court ruled that school
districts must provide those services that permit a student with disabilities to
benefit from instruction. Essentially, the court ruled that the states are obligated
to provide a "basic floor of opportunity" that is reasonable to allow the child to
benefit from social education.
Public Law 98-199 (Education of the Handicapped Act [EHA] Amendments), 1983 -
ans -P.L. 94-142 was amended to provide added emphasis on parental education
and preschool, secondary, and post-secondary programs for children and youth
with disabilities.
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro, 1984 - ans -EHA and IDEA list health
services as one of the "related services" that schools are mandated to provide to
exceptional students. Amber Tatro, who had Spina Bifida, required the insertion
CORRECT ANSWERS | EXCEPTIONAL STUDENT EDUCATION K-
12
IDEA - ans -Individuals with Disabilities Act. Requires states to provide free,
appropriate public education for all students with disabilities who participate in
special education. The four main challenge areas: learning, social/emotional,
motor skills, and communication. The basic source of law for special education.
Represents the latest phase in the philosophy of educating children with
disabilities
*Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 - ans -Topeka, Kansas. Addressed the
inequality of "separate but equal" facilities on the basis of race. School
segregation became illegal.
*Diana v. The State Board of Education, 1970 - ans -This case resulted in the
decision that all children must be tested in their native language
Wyatt v. Stickney, 1971 - ans -Established the right to adequate treatment
(education) for institutionalized persons with mental retardation
*Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, 1972 - ans -The first right to education lawsuit. Laid the foundation
for the right to education for all children with disabilities previously denied if they
had not attained a mental age of 5 by the start of first grade. Special Education
was guaranteed to children with mental retardation. The victory in this case
sparked other court cases for children with other disabilities.
*Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia, 1972 - ans -The right to
special education was extended to all children with disabilities, not just mentally
retarded children. Judgements in PARC and Mills paved the way for P.L. 94-142.
Students with disabilities must be given education regardless of the schools'
financial limitations.
Public Law 93-112 (Rehabilitation Amendments of 1973) - ans -The first
comprehensive federal statute to address specifically the rights of disabled youth.
,It prohibited illegal discrimination in education, employment, or housing on the
basis of a disability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - ans -Section 504 expands on older law by
extending its protection to other areas that receive federal assistance, such as
education. Protected individuals must (a) have a physical or mental impairment
that substantially limits one or more major life activities, such as self-care,
walking, seeing, breathing, working, or learning; (b) have a record of such an
impairment; or (c) be regarded as having such an impairment. A disability in itself
is not sufficient grounds for a complaint of discrimination. The person must be
otherwise qualified, or able to meet, the requirements of the program in
question.
Public Law 93-380 (Education Amendments of 1974) - ans -P.L.94-142 is the
funding portion of this act. It required states to provide full educational
opportunities for children with disabilities. It addressed identification, fair
evaluation, alternative placements, due process procedures, and free,
appropriate public education.
Public Law 94-142 Education for all Handicapped Children Act), 1975 - ans -
Provided for a free, appropriate public education for all children with disabilities,
defined special education and related services, and imposed rigid guidelines on
the provisions of those services. It paralleled the provision for a free and
appropriate public education in section 504 of Public Law 94-142 and extended
these services to preschool children with disabilities (ages 3-5) through provisions
to preschool incentive grants.
Seven fundamental provisions of IDEA - ans -1. Free Appropriate Public Education
(FAPE)
2. Notification and procedural rights for parents.
3. Identification and services to all children
4. Necessary related services.
5. Individualized assessments
6. Individualized Education Plans (IEP's)
7. Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
, Goss v. Lopez, 1975 - ans -This case ruled that the state could not deny a student
education without following due process. While this decision is not based on a
special education issue, the process of school suspension and expulsion is
obviously critical in assuring an appropriate public education to children with
disabilities.
Public Law 95-56 (Gifted and Talented Children's Act), 1978 - ans -This case
defined the gifted and talented population, and focused upon this exceptionally
category, which was not included in Public Law 94-142
*Larry P. V. Riles, 1979 - ans -This case ordered the reevaluation of black students
enrolled in classes for educable mental retardation (EMR) and enjoined the
California State Department of Education from the use of intelligible tests in
subsequent EMR placement decisions.
Parents in Action on Special Education (PASE) v. Hannon, 1980 - ans -Ruled that IQ
tests are necessarily biased against ethnic and racial subcultures.
Board of Education v. Rowley, 1982 - ans -Amy Rowley was a deaf elementary
school student whose parents rejected their school district's proposal to provide a
tutor and speech therapist services to supplement their daughter's instruction in
the regular classroom. Her parents insisted on an interpreter even though Amy
was making satisfactory social, academic, and educational progress without one.
In deciding in favor of the school district, the Supreme Court ruled that school
districts must provide those services that permit a student with disabilities to
benefit from instruction. Essentially, the court ruled that the states are obligated
to provide a "basic floor of opportunity" that is reasonable to allow the child to
benefit from social education.
Public Law 98-199 (Education of the Handicapped Act [EHA] Amendments), 1983 -
ans -P.L. 94-142 was amended to provide added emphasis on parental education
and preschool, secondary, and post-secondary programs for children and youth
with disabilities.
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro, 1984 - ans -EHA and IDEA list health
services as one of the "related services" that schools are mandated to provide to
exceptional students. Amber Tatro, who had Spina Bifida, required the insertion
