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Class notes NUR 220

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ONGOLOGY NURSING SCHOOL NOTES FOR CLASS EXAMS AND NCLEX

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Cancer Cure

WHAT IS CANCER?
- Cell that doesn’t know how to turn itself off
- Develop into tumors that can invade other tissue or organs
- Unregulated cell growth
- Abnormal differentiation
- Dying cells grow and form new cells with blood vessels
- Cells that don’t turn off continuously dividing

MALIGNANT
- is a term to describe cancer. Malignant cells grow in an uncontrolled way and can invade nearby tissues and spread to
other parts of the body by blood and lymph system.
o Cancer can arise in any body cell by blood cells, bone, tissue, etc.

WHO GETS CANCER?
- Anyone from age to gender
- 2nd leading cause of death worldwide
- Most common types of cancer globally
o Lung (US leading)
o Breast (Women in the US)
o Colorectal
o Prostate (Men in the US)
o Skin
o Stomach

CARCINOGENS
- Carcinogen Exposure: most common risk factor for cancer
o Internal or external exposure
o Lead to DNA destruction, cellular mutations
- Types of Carcinogens
o Radiation
o Benzene
o HPV
o Sun exposure
o Tobacco
o Environmental
o Hormonal
o Infectious diseases
o Medications
o Immune status
o Nutritional status: Being overweight! Estrogen is stores in fat cells so overweight people are more susceptible
- Think about their jobs and what they do (directly sun or in chemical plants)
- Estrogen is what the cancers what to eat! Cells want estrogen and that’s what attacked.

RISK FACTORS
- Modifiable
o Smoking, tobacco use
o UV exposure
o Sedentary lifestyle
o Infections
o Diets: red meats
o Sexual Lifestyle, oral too!!
- Non-modifiable
o Age
o Gender

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March 16, 2025
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