Psy658 MT EXAM Questions and answers
2025
Temperament ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-early-appearing, ,stable ,individual ,differences
,in ,reactivity ,and ,self-regulation. ,The ,traits ,that ,makeup ,temperament ,are ,believed
,to ,form ,the ,cornerstone ,of ,the ,adult ,personality.
Reactivity ,refers ,to ,quickness ,and ,intensity ,of ,emotional ,arousal, ,attention ,and
,motor ,activity
Self-Regulation ,refers ,to ,strategies ,that ,modify ,reactivity. ,p190
Parallel ,Play ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,form ,of ,limited ,social ,participation ,in ,which ,a
,child ,plays ,near ,other ,children ,with ,similar ,materials ,but ,does ,not ,try ,to ,influence
,their ,behavior. ,
Distinguished ,from ,nonsocial ,activity, ,associative ,play ,and ,cooperative ,play. ,p263
Teratogens ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-any ,environmental ,agent ,that ,causes ,damage
,during ,the ,prenatal ,period. ,p81
Puberty ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Biological ,changes ,at ,adolescence ,that ,lead ,to ,an
,adult-sized ,body ,and ,sexual ,maturity. ,p367
Reflex ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,inborn, ,automatic ,response ,to ,a ,particular ,form ,of
,stimulation. ,p101
Learned ,Helplessness ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attribution ,of ,success ,to ,external
,factors ,such ,as ,luck; ,and ,failure ,to ,low ,ability, ,which ,is ,fixed ,and ,cannot ,be
,improved ,through ,effort.
Distinguished ,from ,Mastery-Oriented ,Attributions. ,p339
, Joint ,Attention ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,state ,in ,which ,the ,child ,attends ,to ,the
,same ,object ,or ,event ,as ,the ,caregiver, ,who ,often ,labels ,it. ,Contributes ,to ,early
,language ,development. ,p176
Bicultural ,Identity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,identity ,constructed ,by ,exploring ,and
,adopting ,values ,from ,both ,the ,individual's ,subculture ,and ,dominant ,culture. ,p412
Secure ,Attachment ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,attachment ,pattern ,characterizing
,infants ,who ,use ,the ,parent ,as ,a ,secure ,base ,from ,which ,to ,explore. ,They ,may ,be
,distressed ,by ,parental ,separation, ,but ,convey ,clear ,pleasure ,and ,are ,easily
,comforted ,when ,the ,parent ,returns.
Distinguished ,from ,insecure-avoidant, ,insecure-resistant ,and
,disorganized/disoriented ,attachment. ,p198
Lateralization ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Specialization ,of ,function ,in ,the ,two
,hemispheres ,of ,the ,cerebral ,cortex. ,
Left ,Hemisphere ,responsible ,for ,verbal ,and ,written ,language ,and ,positive ,emotion.
Right ,Hemisphere ,responsible ,for ,spatial ,abilities ,and ,negative ,emotions.
p121
Gender ,Identity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-an ,image ,of ,oneself ,as ,relatively ,masculine
,or ,feminine ,in ,characteristics. ,p279
Traditional ,Classroom ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-a ,classroom ,in ,which ,the ,teacher ,is
,the ,sole ,authority ,for ,knowledge, ,rules, ,and ,decision ,making. ,
Students ,are ,relatively ,passive ,learners ,whose ,progress ,is ,evaluated ,by ,how ,well
,they ,keep ,pace ,with ,a ,uniform ,set ,of ,standards ,for ,their ,grade.
Distinguished ,from ,constructivist ,and ,social-constructivist ,classrooms. ,p324
Plasticity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Openness ,of ,development ,to ,change ,in ,response
,to ,influential ,experiences. ,p50
Metacognition ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Thinking ,about ,Thought
Conscious ,awareness ,of ,mental ,activities. ,p241
Zone ,of ,Proximal ,Development ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,Sociocultural ,Theory ,- ,a
,range ,of ,tasks ,too ,difficult ,for ,a ,child ,to ,handle ,alone, ,but ,possible ,with ,the ,help ,of
,more ,skilled ,partners. ,p166
2025
Temperament ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-early-appearing, ,stable ,individual ,differences
,in ,reactivity ,and ,self-regulation. ,The ,traits ,that ,makeup ,temperament ,are ,believed
,to ,form ,the ,cornerstone ,of ,the ,adult ,personality.
Reactivity ,refers ,to ,quickness ,and ,intensity ,of ,emotional ,arousal, ,attention ,and
,motor ,activity
Self-Regulation ,refers ,to ,strategies ,that ,modify ,reactivity. ,p190
Parallel ,Play ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,form ,of ,limited ,social ,participation ,in ,which ,a
,child ,plays ,near ,other ,children ,with ,similar ,materials ,but ,does ,not ,try ,to ,influence
,their ,behavior. ,
Distinguished ,from ,nonsocial ,activity, ,associative ,play ,and ,cooperative ,play. ,p263
Teratogens ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-any ,environmental ,agent ,that ,causes ,damage
,during ,the ,prenatal ,period. ,p81
Puberty ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Biological ,changes ,at ,adolescence ,that ,lead ,to ,an
,adult-sized ,body ,and ,sexual ,maturity. ,p367
Reflex ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,inborn, ,automatic ,response ,to ,a ,particular ,form ,of
,stimulation. ,p101
Learned ,Helplessness ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attribution ,of ,success ,to ,external
,factors ,such ,as ,luck; ,and ,failure ,to ,low ,ability, ,which ,is ,fixed ,and ,cannot ,be
,improved ,through ,effort.
Distinguished ,from ,Mastery-Oriented ,Attributions. ,p339
, Joint ,Attention ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,state ,in ,which ,the ,child ,attends ,to ,the
,same ,object ,or ,event ,as ,the ,caregiver, ,who ,often ,labels ,it. ,Contributes ,to ,early
,language ,development. ,p176
Bicultural ,Identity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,identity ,constructed ,by ,exploring ,and
,adopting ,values ,from ,both ,the ,individual's ,subculture ,and ,dominant ,culture. ,p412
Secure ,Attachment ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,attachment ,pattern ,characterizing
,infants ,who ,use ,the ,parent ,as ,a ,secure ,base ,from ,which ,to ,explore. ,They ,may ,be
,distressed ,by ,parental ,separation, ,but ,convey ,clear ,pleasure ,and ,are ,easily
,comforted ,when ,the ,parent ,returns.
Distinguished ,from ,insecure-avoidant, ,insecure-resistant ,and
,disorganized/disoriented ,attachment. ,p198
Lateralization ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Specialization ,of ,function ,in ,the ,two
,hemispheres ,of ,the ,cerebral ,cortex. ,
Left ,Hemisphere ,responsible ,for ,verbal ,and ,written ,language ,and ,positive ,emotion.
Right ,Hemisphere ,responsible ,for ,spatial ,abilities ,and ,negative ,emotions.
p121
Gender ,Identity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-an ,image ,of ,oneself ,as ,relatively ,masculine
,or ,feminine ,in ,characteristics. ,p279
Traditional ,Classroom ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-a ,classroom ,in ,which ,the ,teacher ,is
,the ,sole ,authority ,for ,knowledge, ,rules, ,and ,decision ,making. ,
Students ,are ,relatively ,passive ,learners ,whose ,progress ,is ,evaluated ,by ,how ,well
,they ,keep ,pace ,with ,a ,uniform ,set ,of ,standards ,for ,their ,grade.
Distinguished ,from ,constructivist ,and ,social-constructivist ,classrooms. ,p324
Plasticity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Openness ,of ,development ,to ,change ,in ,response
,to ,influential ,experiences. ,p50
Metacognition ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Thinking ,about ,Thought
Conscious ,awareness ,of ,mental ,activities. ,p241
Zone ,of ,Proximal ,Development ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,Sociocultural ,Theory ,- ,a
,range ,of ,tasks ,too ,difficult ,for ,a ,child ,to ,handle ,alone, ,but ,possible ,with ,the ,help ,of
,more ,skilled ,partners. ,p166
