Physical Science Notes:
1. Introduction to Physical Science
Physical science is the study of non-living systems.
It is divided into two main branches:
Physics: The study of matter, energy, and their interactions.
Chemistry: The study of substances, their properties, and how they react.
2. Matter and Its Properties
Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space.
States of Matter:
Solid: Fixed shape and volume.
Liquid: Fixed volume, shape changes.
Gas: Neither fixed shape nor volume.
Plasma: Ionized gas with high energy.
Properties of Matter:
Physical properties: Color, density, boiling point.
Chemical properties: Reactivity, flammability.
3. Motion and Forces
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
Velocity: Speed with direction.
Acceleration: Change in velocity over time.
Newton’s Laws of Motion:
An object remains in motion or at rest unless acted on by an external force.
Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma).
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Types of Forces:
Gravity: Attractive force between masses.
Friction: Opposes motion.
1. Introduction to Physical Science
Physical science is the study of non-living systems.
It is divided into two main branches:
Physics: The study of matter, energy, and their interactions.
Chemistry: The study of substances, their properties, and how they react.
2. Matter and Its Properties
Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space.
States of Matter:
Solid: Fixed shape and volume.
Liquid: Fixed volume, shape changes.
Gas: Neither fixed shape nor volume.
Plasma: Ionized gas with high energy.
Properties of Matter:
Physical properties: Color, density, boiling point.
Chemical properties: Reactivity, flammability.
3. Motion and Forces
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
Velocity: Speed with direction.
Acceleration: Change in velocity over time.
Newton’s Laws of Motion:
An object remains in motion or at rest unless acted on by an external force.
Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma).
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Types of Forces:
Gravity: Attractive force between masses.
Friction: Opposes motion.
