AADC FINAL EXAM GUIDE 2025 WITH CORRECTLY
VERIFIED ANSWERS|GUARANTEED PASS
individual psychology (Adlerian) - Adler's view that people are motivated by social
interest, provides encouragement to help meet goals, holistic rather than reductionist, we crave
a sense of belonging. People are in charge of their fate, strive towards goals.
Adulf Adler : Goals (idv psych) - Challenge mistaken goals and faulty assumptions.
Adulf Adler : Techniques (indv psych) - Variety of cognitive, behavioral and experimental
techniques.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Goals (indv psych) - Develop client's sense of belonging.
Change behaviors that enhance feeling of community and social interest.
Increase sense of equality with others.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Techniques (indv psych) - Counselor is creative with techniques.
Analysis of family constellation.
Analysis of life style.
Analysis of early recollections
Homework Assignments.
Behavioral theories: Key Concepts - Behavior is the product of learning.
People are both the product and producers of environment.
Present focused.
Scientific and empirical
People are hedonistic
Classical Conditioning (pavolv)
Operant Conditioning ( skinner)
Social learning theory
Multimodal theory, (basic ID) (frued)
BF Skinner: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Environmental Change
,T: Education
Joseph Wolpe: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Change behavior
T: Reinforcement, scheduling, modeling,
Arnold Lazarus: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Eliminate maladaptive behaviors.
T: Systematic desensitization
Albert Bandura: Goals and Techniques(behavioral) - G: Learn more effective behaviors
T: Relaxation techniques, Skills training, aversion therapy
Client Centered Therapy: Key Concepts - View of human is positive
inclination towards becoming fully functioning.
Client actualizes potential, moving toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self and
inner directness.
Focus on the present moment and on the experiencing and expressing feelings.
Client has capacity to resolve problems and is resourceful. Fully experiencing the present
moment.
Mental health is a congruence of ideal self and real self.
Carl Rogers: Goals ( Client centered) - Provide sage climate conducive to client
exploration. Clients to move toward self actualizing. Exploration and inner growth.
Carl Roger: Techniques (client centered) - Attitude of counselor important. Therapeutic
relationship is mechanism of change. Active listening and hearing. Reflecting of feelings.
Clarification. Being there for client. Not solving problems, but focusing on the growth process.
Existential Therapy: Key Concepts - Focuses on the nature of the human condition.
Highlights capacity for self awareness. We have the freedom of choice to decide fate. Sense of
self develops from infancy. Focus is on present and what one is coming: future oriented.
Stresses self awareness before action.
Existential (key figures) - Victor Frankl
Irvin Yalom
Rollo May
James Bugental
, Existential ( Goals) - To help people see that they are free and become aware of their
possibilities.
To challenge them to recognize that they are responsible for the events that they formerly
thought were happening to them.
To identify factors that block freedom.
Existential Techniques - Understanding first, techniques second.
Relationship is critical.
Authentic here and now encounter for client and counselor (Yalom)
Help people see their fears.
Increase awareness of their possibilities.
Challenge them to recognize they are responsible for events.
Identify factors that block freedom.
Confrontation.
Gestalt Key Concepts - Existential/phenomenological approach
Personal responsibility.
Stresses feelings and influence of unfinished business on personality development.
People strive for wholeness and integration of thinking, feelings and behaving.
Emotional more than cognitive.
People have the capacity to recognize how earlier influences are related to present difficulties.
Gestalt Key Figures - Fritz Perls
Laura Perls
Miriam Polster
Erving Polster
Gestalt Goals - Assist client in gaining awareness of moment to moment experience. Help
client accept responsibility for internal support rather than external support. Gain self
responsibility
Gestalt Techniques - Awareness.
VERIFIED ANSWERS|GUARANTEED PASS
individual psychology (Adlerian) - Adler's view that people are motivated by social
interest, provides encouragement to help meet goals, holistic rather than reductionist, we crave
a sense of belonging. People are in charge of their fate, strive towards goals.
Adulf Adler : Goals (idv psych) - Challenge mistaken goals and faulty assumptions.
Adulf Adler : Techniques (indv psych) - Variety of cognitive, behavioral and experimental
techniques.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Goals (indv psych) - Develop client's sense of belonging.
Change behaviors that enhance feeling of community and social interest.
Increase sense of equality with others.
Rudolph Dreikurs: Techniques (indv psych) - Counselor is creative with techniques.
Analysis of family constellation.
Analysis of life style.
Analysis of early recollections
Homework Assignments.
Behavioral theories: Key Concepts - Behavior is the product of learning.
People are both the product and producers of environment.
Present focused.
Scientific and empirical
People are hedonistic
Classical Conditioning (pavolv)
Operant Conditioning ( skinner)
Social learning theory
Multimodal theory, (basic ID) (frued)
BF Skinner: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Environmental Change
,T: Education
Joseph Wolpe: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Change behavior
T: Reinforcement, scheduling, modeling,
Arnold Lazarus: Goals and Techniques (behavioral) - G: Eliminate maladaptive behaviors.
T: Systematic desensitization
Albert Bandura: Goals and Techniques(behavioral) - G: Learn more effective behaviors
T: Relaxation techniques, Skills training, aversion therapy
Client Centered Therapy: Key Concepts - View of human is positive
inclination towards becoming fully functioning.
Client actualizes potential, moving toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self and
inner directness.
Focus on the present moment and on the experiencing and expressing feelings.
Client has capacity to resolve problems and is resourceful. Fully experiencing the present
moment.
Mental health is a congruence of ideal self and real self.
Carl Rogers: Goals ( Client centered) - Provide sage climate conducive to client
exploration. Clients to move toward self actualizing. Exploration and inner growth.
Carl Roger: Techniques (client centered) - Attitude of counselor important. Therapeutic
relationship is mechanism of change. Active listening and hearing. Reflecting of feelings.
Clarification. Being there for client. Not solving problems, but focusing on the growth process.
Existential Therapy: Key Concepts - Focuses on the nature of the human condition.
Highlights capacity for self awareness. We have the freedom of choice to decide fate. Sense of
self develops from infancy. Focus is on present and what one is coming: future oriented.
Stresses self awareness before action.
Existential (key figures) - Victor Frankl
Irvin Yalom
Rollo May
James Bugental
, Existential ( Goals) - To help people see that they are free and become aware of their
possibilities.
To challenge them to recognize that they are responsible for the events that they formerly
thought were happening to them.
To identify factors that block freedom.
Existential Techniques - Understanding first, techniques second.
Relationship is critical.
Authentic here and now encounter for client and counselor (Yalom)
Help people see their fears.
Increase awareness of their possibilities.
Challenge them to recognize they are responsible for events.
Identify factors that block freedom.
Confrontation.
Gestalt Key Concepts - Existential/phenomenological approach
Personal responsibility.
Stresses feelings and influence of unfinished business on personality development.
People strive for wholeness and integration of thinking, feelings and behaving.
Emotional more than cognitive.
People have the capacity to recognize how earlier influences are related to present difficulties.
Gestalt Key Figures - Fritz Perls
Laura Perls
Miriam Polster
Erving Polster
Gestalt Goals - Assist client in gaining awareness of moment to moment experience. Help
client accept responsibility for internal support rather than external support. Gain self
responsibility
Gestalt Techniques - Awareness.
