BIOD 152 EXAM 1 GRADED A 2025

what is anatomy? - Correct Ans-structure of the body what is physiology? - Correct Ans-how the body parts function together what is the structure of bones? - Correct Ans-hard structures made of mineral deposits that protect the organs from damage what is the function of the nervous system? - Correct Ans-receives information, processes information, and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response what is nervous tissue responsibile for? - Correct Ans-the communication between the cells of the body by forming a system of electrical impulses that communicate very rapidly what are the two main divisions of the nervous system? - Correct Ans-CNS and PNS what does the CNS consist of? - Correct Ans-brain and spinal cord what feature protects the brain? - Correct Ans-skull what feature protects the spinal cord? - Correct Ans-vertebrae what is the function of the CNS? - Correct Ans-send signals or impulses to and receive impulses from the peripheral nervous system what are nuclei? - Correct Ans-collections of cell bodies inside the central nervous system what are tracts? - Correct Ans-collection of nerve axons in the central nervous system the PNS includes? - Correct Ans-cranial and spinal nerves what are the regions of the brainstem? - Correct Ans-midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata what projects from the brainstem? - Correct Ans-cranial nerves what projects from either side of the spinal cord? - Correct Ans-spinal nerves what is ganglia? - Correct Ans-collections of cell bodies inside the peripheral nervous system what are nerves? - Correct Ans-collection of nerve axons in the peripheral nervous system what are the two divisions of the PNS? - Correct Ans-afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) what does the afferent (sensory) division do in the PNS? - Correct Ans-receives impulses from the sensory organs what does the efferent (motor) division do in the PNS? - Correct Ans-relays signals or impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands what are the two systems of the efferent division? - Correct Ans-somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system the somatic nervous system nerves are under what type of control? - Correct Ans-conscious (voluntary) control what does the somatic nervous system control? - Correct Ans-the movements of skeletal muscles, skin, and joints the autonomic nervous system nerves are under what type of control? - Correct Ans-not under conscious control what does the autonomic nervous system control? - Correct Ans-glands and smooth muscles of the internal organs what are the two systems of the autonomic system? - Correct Ans-sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system what does the sympathetic nervous system do? - Correct Ans-activates and prepares the body for vigorous muscular activity, stress, and emergencies (fight or flight) what does the parasympathetic nervous system do? - Correct Ans-operates during normal situations, permits digestion, and conserves energy (rest and digest) what are neurons? - Correct Ans-nerve cells that conduct electrical impulses and relay information throughout the body what are the three parts of a neuron? - Correct Ans-dendrites, cell body, and axon do neurons undergo mitosis (cell division)? - Correct Ans-no dendrites of a neuron - Correct Ans- what are dendrites? - Correct Ans-numerous short extensions that come out of the cell body what is the function of dendrites? - Correct Ans-receive information from other neurons and conduct those nerve impulses toward the cell body cell body of a neuron - Correct Ans- what is the function of the neuron cell body? - Correct Ans-synthesizes all nerve cell products what does the neuron cell body consist of? - Correct Ans-large nucleus with surrounding cytoplasm containing the normal organelles axon hillock of neuron - Correct Ans- myelin sheath of neuron - Correct Ans- node of ranvier of neuron - Correct Ans- axon terminal of neuron - Correct Ans- what does a single axon do? - Correct Ans-conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to its axon terminals what do axons lack? - Correct Ans-rough endoplasmic reticulum what do axons do? - Correct Ans-send the necessary proteins down the length of the axon what does the cell body contain and not contain? - Correct Ans-contains the nucleus and other organelles typically found in cells, except for centrioles what is the main function of the cell body? - Correct Ans-manufacture neurotransmitters what are neurotransmitters? - Correct Ans-chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles (axon terminal vesicles) at the end of the axon terminals how do neurotransmitters carry nerve impulses? - Correct Ans-from one neuron to another what is a synapse? - Correct Ans-gap between two neurons do neurons physically touch one another? - Correct Ans-no what is a presynaptic neuron? - Correct Ans-neuron before the synapse