1. Which of the following is a primary concern for a patient receiving
total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Hemorrhagic shock
Answer: a) Hyperglycemia
Rationale: TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, which can lead
to hyperglycemia. Close monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential
in patients receiving TPN.
2. What is a common manifestation of fluid overload in critically ill
patients?
A. Hypertension
,B. Tachycardia
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Hypoxia
Answer: c) Pulmonary edema
Rationale: Fluid overload can lead to pulmonary edema, where excess
fluid accumulates in the lungs, impairing gas exchange and causing
respiratory distress.
3. Which of the following is a common complication for patients with
prolonged mechanical ventilation?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Pressure ulcers
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Acute renal failure
Answer: b) Pressure ulcers
,Rationale: Prolonged mechanical ventilation, particularly if the patient is
immobile, increases the risk for pressure ulcers due to the prolonged
pressure on certain areas of the body.
4. Which of the following is a primary goal in the care of a patient with a
traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
A. Maintaining adequate oxygenation and perfusion
B. Promoting early ambulation
C. Administering sedatives to reduce agitation
D. Restricting oral intake to prevent aspiration
Answer: a) Maintaining adequate oxygenation and perfusion
Rationale: Maintaining oxygenation and adequate cerebral perfusion is
the key goal in TBI care to prevent secondary brain injury.
5. Which of the following is an indication for the use of continuous renal
replacement therapy (CRRT)?
, A. Severe hypokalemia
B. Acute kidney injury with hemodynamic instability
C. Chronic kidney disease
D. Fluid overload without renal failure
Answer: b) Acute kidney injury with hemodynamic instability
Rationale: CRRT is used in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury
and hemodynamic instability because it allows for slower and more
controlled fluid and solute removal.
6. What is the most common cause of a fever within the first 48 hours
after major surgery?
A. Wound infection
B. Atelectasis
C. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
D. Sepsis
Answer: b) Atelectasis
total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Hemorrhagic shock
Answer: a) Hyperglycemia
Rationale: TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, which can lead
to hyperglycemia. Close monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential
in patients receiving TPN.
2. What is a common manifestation of fluid overload in critically ill
patients?
A. Hypertension
,B. Tachycardia
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Hypoxia
Answer: c) Pulmonary edema
Rationale: Fluid overload can lead to pulmonary edema, where excess
fluid accumulates in the lungs, impairing gas exchange and causing
respiratory distress.
3. Which of the following is a common complication for patients with
prolonged mechanical ventilation?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Pressure ulcers
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Acute renal failure
Answer: b) Pressure ulcers
,Rationale: Prolonged mechanical ventilation, particularly if the patient is
immobile, increases the risk for pressure ulcers due to the prolonged
pressure on certain areas of the body.
4. Which of the following is a primary goal in the care of a patient with a
traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
A. Maintaining adequate oxygenation and perfusion
B. Promoting early ambulation
C. Administering sedatives to reduce agitation
D. Restricting oral intake to prevent aspiration
Answer: a) Maintaining adequate oxygenation and perfusion
Rationale: Maintaining oxygenation and adequate cerebral perfusion is
the key goal in TBI care to prevent secondary brain injury.
5. Which of the following is an indication for the use of continuous renal
replacement therapy (CRRT)?
, A. Severe hypokalemia
B. Acute kidney injury with hemodynamic instability
C. Chronic kidney disease
D. Fluid overload without renal failure
Answer: b) Acute kidney injury with hemodynamic instability
Rationale: CRRT is used in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury
and hemodynamic instability because it allows for slower and more
controlled fluid and solute removal.
6. What is the most common cause of a fever within the first 48 hours
after major surgery?
A. Wound infection
B. Atelectasis
C. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
D. Sepsis
Answer: b) Atelectasis
