EMT - Neurologic Emergencies UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

EMT - Neurologic Emergencies UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Suspect Hemorrhagic stroke if: - CORRECT ANSWER - severe headache
seizures
AMS


Bacterial Meningitis: S/S - CORRECT ANSWER - Stiff Neck (key sign)
Headache
Fever
Sensitivity to light


Generalized tonic-clonic seizure: results from - CORRECT ANSWER - abnormal
electrical discharges from large areas of the brain (usually both hemispheres)


Generalized tonic-clonic seizure: typically characterized by, duration - CORRECT
ANSWER - unconsciousness, severe switching of body muscles. several minutes



Generalized seizure: less severe case, symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER - just staring into
space, not responding to anyone


Generalized seizure: less severe case, also called - CORRECT ANSWER - petit mal, or
absence seizure


Partial (focal seizure): begins in - CORRECT ANSWER - one area of the brain



Simple partial seizure: altered LOC ? - CORRECT ANSWER - no

,Simple partial seizure: S/S - CORRECT ANSWER - - numbness ,weakness, dizziness.
- possibly sense changes, visual, smell, taste
- possibly muscle twitching in extremities which slowly spreads between body parts, NOT
DRAMATIC SEVERE TWITCHING IN GENERALIZED SEIZURE
- possibly brief paralysis


Complex partial seizure: AMS? normal interaction with environment? - CORRECT
ANSWER - yes. no



Complex partial seizure: brain region origin? - CORRECT ANSWER - temporal lobe



Complex partial seizure: S/S - CORRECT ANSWER - - lip smacking, eye blinking,
isolated convulsions/jerking of single body parts
- visual hallucinations, unpleasant smells
- uncontrollable fear
- repetitive physical behavior (e.g. constant sitting/standing)


Seizures. AURA? - CORRECT ANSWER - Visual Changes (e.g. flashing lights, or blind
spots in FOV)
Hallucinations (visual, auditory, olfactory)


Seizures. AURA: universal? always happens to sufferers? - CORRECT ANSWER - no.
not all patients have them, not all seizures have them!


Generalized seizure: General characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden LOC,
followed by chaotic muscle movement/tone, with cycles of rigidity & relaxation


Generalized seizure: tonic phase: presentation & duration? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Muscle contraction/trembling, tongue biting, bladder & bowel incontinence.. lasts seconds

, Generalized seizure: patient presentation (vitals, whole-body)? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Tachycardia, hyperventilation, sweating, intense salivation (among others)


Generalized seizure: duration? - CORRECT ANSWER - Less than 5 minutes
Generalized seizure: postictal state? Patient is unresponsive at first, gradually regains
consciousness


Generalized seizure: postictal state is over when: - CORRECT ANSWER - Patient regains
complete return to normal LOC


Generalized seizure: postictal state progression, presentation? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Gradually begin to recover/awaken, appear dazed, confused, fatigued


Absence (petit mal) seizure: duration? - CORRECT ANSWER - A few seconds



Absence (petit mal) seizure: S/S & recovery? - CORRECT ANSWER - Brief lapse of
memory of event. Full recovery


Status Epilepticus - CORRECT ANSWER - Seizures that continue every few minutes
without person regaining consciousness. OR, seizure lasting >30mins


Likely progression to status epilepticus (duration)? - CORRECT ANSWER - After 5
minutes


Status Epilepticus. High-risk populations? Why? - CORRECT ANSWER - Geriatrics.
More sensitive to O2 deprivation. Hypoxia, hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias


Seizures: what to do if pt does not regain consciousness (or seizure continues) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Protect pt from self-harm, call for ALS backup