ENR 3300 Final Review Exam 2025

Recall the video you watched on the Great Bear Rainforest in Canada. This provided an excellent example of multiple-use management of these natural resources. In the video and as discussed or covered in lecture, the management objective that was primarily focused on with the herring fishery was _______ . The management objective that was focused on with the wolves was most likely _______. - -harvest for food, maintenance of biodiversity Imagine you are in West Virginia's Monongahela National Forest and after conducting a forest inventory you discover that oak trees are not regenerating. This leads to a management decision to introduce a prescribed fire and then selectively harvest some trees so that more light can reach the ground thus giving new oak seedlings a competitive advantage to grow into the new forest. What type of management philosophy does this imply? - -Conservation management True or false: unlike the field of fisheries, which manages for both wild caught fish and those produced by aquaculture, the field of forestry only encompasses the science, art and business of creating, managing and conserving naturally occurring forests. - -False Which period of natural resource management in the US first included a focus on habitat? - -Implementation Era () True or false: since the early 1990's, there has been an increased demand for fish by humans. The amount of production of fish for consumption via capture fisheries has increased, whereas the amount of production via aquaculture has leveled off. - -False Which of the following fisheries would be considered a fishery according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA Fisheries) who is responsible for the nation's ocean resources? - -all of the above: Atlantic Salmon Fishery Maryland Blue Crab Fishery New England Cod Fishery Maine Lobster Fishery The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation Act which governs fisheries management works to... - -Prevent overfishing, ensure the safety of seafood The following questions are based on the video you watched called, "Cod: The Fish That Made New England." Describe the original paradigm at the start of the cod fishery. (1-pt) By the 1980's, fisherman began to notice that the abundance of cod were in decline and that individual cod were getting smaller. What did they attribute this decline to specifically? (1-pt) Describe the change in fish behavior that was observed by the fisherman and how that led to a change in how they fished the cod? (2-pts) What did science eventually tell us about this change in behavior by the cod and why that led to such dramatic overfishing? (2-pts) - -1. At the start of the cod fishery, regulation was non-existent. Fishermen could bring their boats, catch as many cod as they want with no limitations. 2. The incredible amount of over-fishing became even more elevated by advanced technological improvements that allowed fishermen to locate exactly where the cod were for catching them. This caused the over-fishing to skyrocket, and the abundance and size of the cod declined drastically. 3. The fish began to bunch up together instead of spreading out across the water as a defense mechanism and survival technique to breed and regrow their species. They began to practice "pulse fishing" that would focus in on the hot-spots and completely decimate them. 4. Science eventually told us that these hot spots were essential breeding grounds for the cod. Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s was important for natural resource management because? - -Provided jobs for unemployed to plant trees and conserve fish and wildlife Each year, the Ohio Division of Wildlife (ODW) sets the maximum number of Yellow Perch (a sportfish) that are allowed to be caught from Lake Erie for that year. ODW uses this as a strategy to protect the Yellow Perch population so that fishing can continue for years to come. This is an example of: - -Natural resource management Which of the following represents an indirect, non-consumptive use of a fishery? - -Scuba diving in kelp forest habitat that is inhabited by red snapper Which of the following does NOT contribute to the renewability of a resource? - -The market demand true or false: in the 1960s, great awareness of broader environmental degradation brought forth several pieces of legislation that aimed to limit or improve conditions and enhance protection of plants, fish, and wildlife. The drivers of change, like in many previous times, were influenced by shifting social change. - -true In the example used on the Great Bear Rainforest, we saw the wolves come out of the forest to take advantage of the abundant herring eggs as a food resource. In this example, wolves would be considered the ________ of the herring fishery. The objective of the management of the wolves as part of the herring fishery would be considered management of ________. - -associated biota, biodiversity true or false: Farmed Atlantic salmon are not considered a fishery because it does not involve the capture and harvest of wild fish. - -false Components of the Alaska salmon fishery include the Alaska salmon, the streams that the salmon return to in order to reproduce, squid and shrimp which adult salmon feed on, and the Alaska seafood company which harvest the salmon for commercial purposes. The salmon represents which component of the fishery? - -Target species Maximum Sustainable Yield considers the relationship between sustainable yield and what other variable? - -Fishing effort The retrospective study conducted by Stanford University scientists and members of the fishery industry identified that risks associated with the depletion of wild fish used for fish feed in aquaculture settings was the greatly improved through which of the following advances: - -Advances in fish nutrition, Shifts from animal to plant-based diets of fish true or false: recall the video you watched on the coho salmon in California. Here they were using aquaculture to not just help the coho avoid extinction but also to one day restore the supply of nutrients that salmon provide to the giant redwood trees in California. - -True How did we define what are wildlife in the context of this class? - -Undomesticated free-ranging vertebrates - birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians