1
NSG223
NSG223/ NSG 223 EXAM 1: MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING
II| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)(NEW 2025/ 2026 UPDATE)
1. Sinus bradycardia occurs when: the SA node
generates an impulse at a slower rate than normal
2. Causes of sinus bradycardia: lower metabolic needs:
sleep, athletic training vagal stimulation: vomiting,
suctioning, pooping medications: ccb's, bb's, digoxin
3. Sinus bradycardia characteristic: <60bpm
4. Sinus bradycardia treatment short-term: IV atropine
to increase HR 13. Sinus bradycardia treatment:
pacemaker
It gives the heart a flick of electricity to get it to beat within
normal limits
NSG223
,5. Sinus tachycardia causes: excess caffeine
hypo/hypervolemia
Acute blood loss
6. Medical management for sinus tachycardia: Treat
cause metropolol diltiazem digoxin
7. Sinus arrhythmia: irregular rhythm
8. Sinus arrhythmia characteristics: heart rate is
increased with inspiration and decreased with
expiration rhythm: irregular
9. Premature atrial complex: a single ecg complex that
occurs when an electrical impulse starts in the atrium
BEFORE the next normal impulse from the sinus node
(assoicated w/ sinus tachy)
10. Premature atrial complex rhythm: irregular
,11 causes of premature
atrial complex: caffeine
alcohol nicotine anxiety
hypokalemia hypervolemia
12. Atrial flutter (F): no p waves
F
waves
presen
t way
too
many
squee
zes
13. Causes of atrial flutter: CHF heart surgery
14. S/s of atrial flutter (CHF s/s): chest pain
, 15. Medical management of atrial flutter: diltiazem
or digoxin - antiarrhythmics metoprolol - slow HR
16. Atrial fibrillation complications: clots = stroke,
DVT, PE
17. Atrial fibrillation risk factors: 65 yo +
Hypertension
Smoking
DM
FAM HX of a-fib
Sleep apnea
Obesity
Alcoholism
18. Atrial fib characteristics: no p wave highly
irregular rhythm narrow complex
NSG223
NSG223/ NSG 223 EXAM 1: MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING
II| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)(NEW 2025/ 2026 UPDATE)
1. Sinus bradycardia occurs when: the SA node
generates an impulse at a slower rate than normal
2. Causes of sinus bradycardia: lower metabolic needs:
sleep, athletic training vagal stimulation: vomiting,
suctioning, pooping medications: ccb's, bb's, digoxin
3. Sinus bradycardia characteristic: <60bpm
4. Sinus bradycardia treatment short-term: IV atropine
to increase HR 13. Sinus bradycardia treatment:
pacemaker
It gives the heart a flick of electricity to get it to beat within
normal limits
NSG223
,5. Sinus tachycardia causes: excess caffeine
hypo/hypervolemia
Acute blood loss
6. Medical management for sinus tachycardia: Treat
cause metropolol diltiazem digoxin
7. Sinus arrhythmia: irregular rhythm
8. Sinus arrhythmia characteristics: heart rate is
increased with inspiration and decreased with
expiration rhythm: irregular
9. Premature atrial complex: a single ecg complex that
occurs when an electrical impulse starts in the atrium
BEFORE the next normal impulse from the sinus node
(assoicated w/ sinus tachy)
10. Premature atrial complex rhythm: irregular
,11 causes of premature
atrial complex: caffeine
alcohol nicotine anxiety
hypokalemia hypervolemia
12. Atrial flutter (F): no p waves
F
waves
presen
t way
too
many
squee
zes
13. Causes of atrial flutter: CHF heart surgery
14. S/s of atrial flutter (CHF s/s): chest pain
, 15. Medical management of atrial flutter: diltiazem
or digoxin - antiarrhythmics metoprolol - slow HR
16. Atrial fibrillation complications: clots = stroke,
DVT, PE
17. Atrial fibrillation risk factors: 65 yo +
Hypertension
Smoking
DM
FAM HX of a-fib
Sleep apnea
Obesity
Alcoholism
18. Atrial fib characteristics: no p wave highly
irregular rhythm narrow complex
