MDC 3 Exam 1 with correct answers
What is the 2nd most common malignancy in women and 2nd leading cause of
death in women? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Breast cancer
How does breast cancer start? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔From the epithelial
lining of the ducts or the epithelium of the lobules
99% of breast cancers occur in what gender? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔women
breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔white
breast cancer in men is similar across? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔all ethnic
groups
Risk factors for breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-post menopause
(increasing in age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause therapy) can
be with progesterone or alone.
- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian cancer, or
family history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2 hold a 5-10% genetic
risk)
-Alcohol
,-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased risk)
Breast cancer signs and symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
*Where is the most common location of breast cancer? * - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔*upper outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it
is the most common location of a cancer*
Breast cancer screening & diagnostics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-history
,-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
Breast health large breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Impaired
comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
-redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
Breast health small breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-some
choose breast augmentation (important to avoid foods, medications, herbs that
increase bleeding before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not be as
sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not breast
cancer*
, *Breast Cancer Types* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-*In situ* (non-ivasive)
breast cancer remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
*Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*DCIS:
ductal carcinoma is situate*
*Invasive breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*ILC or IDC*
-the cancer grows into the surrounding tissue and can metastasize
-most likely cause of skin dimpling or peau'd orange
-Aggressive form : itching, rapidly growing lump, breast pain, erythema &
edema
*Most common invasive cancer* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*IDC: infiltrating
ductal carcinoma*
*breast cancer treatment* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Surgery: breast
conserving & masectomy
-Radiation therapy
-Chemotherapy
What is the 2nd most common malignancy in women and 2nd leading cause of
death in women? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Breast cancer
How does breast cancer start? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔From the epithelial
lining of the ducts or the epithelium of the lobules
99% of breast cancers occur in what gender? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔women
breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔white
breast cancer in men is similar across? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔all ethnic
groups
Risk factors for breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-post menopause
(increasing in age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause therapy) can
be with progesterone or alone.
- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian cancer, or
family history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2 hold a 5-10% genetic
risk)
-Alcohol
,-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased risk)
Breast cancer signs and symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
*Where is the most common location of breast cancer? * - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔*upper outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it
is the most common location of a cancer*
Breast cancer screening & diagnostics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-history
,-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
Breast health large breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Impaired
comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
-redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
Breast health small breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-some
choose breast augmentation (important to avoid foods, medications, herbs that
increase bleeding before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not be as
sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not breast
cancer*
, *Breast Cancer Types* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-*In situ* (non-ivasive)
breast cancer remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
*Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*DCIS:
ductal carcinoma is situate*
*Invasive breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*ILC or IDC*
-the cancer grows into the surrounding tissue and can metastasize
-most likely cause of skin dimpling or peau'd orange
-Aggressive form : itching, rapidly growing lump, breast pain, erythema &
edema
*Most common invasive cancer* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔*IDC: infiltrating
ductal carcinoma*
*breast cancer treatment* - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Surgery: breast
conserving & masectomy
-Radiation therapy
-Chemotherapy
