NUR 431 - ANTIFUNGALS/ANTIVIRALS-
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what does histoplasmosis effect - Answer-the lungs - inhale spores of the fungi that
causes an infection and can spread to the rest of the body
cause of histoplasmosis - Answer- bird & bat droppings
-contaminated soil
-chicken coups
-caves
symptoms of histoplasmosis - Answer-flu-like cough
chest pain
dyspnea
fever
weight loss
hemoptysis
is histoplasmosis opportunistic or non-opportunistic - Answer-non-opportunistic
what are the 3 polyene antifungals - Answer-amphotericin B
nystatin
micafungin
blastomycosis is an epidemic in which part of the US - Answer-Eastern US
blastomycosis causes what - Answer-chronic lesions on skin and lungs
is blastomycosis opportunistic or non-opportunistic - Answer-non-opportunistic
what are the azole antifungals - Answer-Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Posaconazole
Isavuconazonium sulfate
amphotericin B indication - Answer-potentially fatal systemic fungal infections
amphotericin B MOA - Answer-binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes; causing
increased permeability leading to cell leakage and death
why is amphotericin B binding to sterols problem - Answer-human cells also contain
sterols so this attacks out own cells making us feel miserable
, adverse effects of amphtericin B - Answer-NEPHROTOXICITY
Infusion reaction:
-hypotension
-fever
-chills
-headache
-RIGORS
what are rigors and which drug can cause them - Answer-sudden feeling of cold with
shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature & sweating
amphotericin B causes them
amphotericin B nursing considerations - Answer--Start with low dose and go up
(humans can only tolerate so much)
-infuse >4 hours
-Long IV therapy; needs PICC
-MONITOR KIDNEY FUNCTION & urine output
-stay with patient during initial infusion; monitor for infusion reactions
-PREMEDICATE:
-diphenhydramine
-acetaminophen
-merperidine (demerol), dantrolene IF RIGORS
what class is nystatin - Answer-polyene
nystatin route - Answer-topical
vaginal
oral
mycafungin class - Answer-polyene
mycafungin indication - Answer-esophageal candiasis
candidemia
disseminated candidiasis
mycafungin nursing considerations - Answer--must be ligh-protected
-given IV >1 hour
fluconazole class - Answer-azole
fluconazole moa - Answer-alters the cell membrane permeability
fluconzaole indication - Answer-wide spectrum use:
-esophageal candidiasis
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what does histoplasmosis effect - Answer-the lungs - inhale spores of the fungi that
causes an infection and can spread to the rest of the body
cause of histoplasmosis - Answer- bird & bat droppings
-contaminated soil
-chicken coups
-caves
symptoms of histoplasmosis - Answer-flu-like cough
chest pain
dyspnea
fever
weight loss
hemoptysis
is histoplasmosis opportunistic or non-opportunistic - Answer-non-opportunistic
what are the 3 polyene antifungals - Answer-amphotericin B
nystatin
micafungin
blastomycosis is an epidemic in which part of the US - Answer-Eastern US
blastomycosis causes what - Answer-chronic lesions on skin and lungs
is blastomycosis opportunistic or non-opportunistic - Answer-non-opportunistic
what are the azole antifungals - Answer-Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Posaconazole
Isavuconazonium sulfate
amphotericin B indication - Answer-potentially fatal systemic fungal infections
amphotericin B MOA - Answer-binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes; causing
increased permeability leading to cell leakage and death
why is amphotericin B binding to sterols problem - Answer-human cells also contain
sterols so this attacks out own cells making us feel miserable
, adverse effects of amphtericin B - Answer-NEPHROTOXICITY
Infusion reaction:
-hypotension
-fever
-chills
-headache
-RIGORS
what are rigors and which drug can cause them - Answer-sudden feeling of cold with
shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature & sweating
amphotericin B causes them
amphotericin B nursing considerations - Answer--Start with low dose and go up
(humans can only tolerate so much)
-infuse >4 hours
-Long IV therapy; needs PICC
-MONITOR KIDNEY FUNCTION & urine output
-stay with patient during initial infusion; monitor for infusion reactions
-PREMEDICATE:
-diphenhydramine
-acetaminophen
-merperidine (demerol), dantrolene IF RIGORS
what class is nystatin - Answer-polyene
nystatin route - Answer-topical
vaginal
oral
mycafungin class - Answer-polyene
mycafungin indication - Answer-esophageal candiasis
candidemia
disseminated candidiasis
mycafungin nursing considerations - Answer--must be ligh-protected
-given IV >1 hour
fluconazole class - Answer-azole
fluconazole moa - Answer-alters the cell membrane permeability
fluconzaole indication - Answer-wide spectrum use:
-esophageal candidiasis
