ATLS PRETEST LATEST 2025
OVER 150 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
,1. True or False? Although the mechanism of injury may be similar to those for the
younger population, data shows increased mortality with similar severity of injury in
older adults.
Answer: True
2. In the elderly population, what is decreased physiological reserve?
Answer: Aging is characterized by impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms
that cause an increased susceptibility to the stress of injury. Insults tolerated by the
younger population can lead to devastating results in elderly patients.
3. Pre-existing conditions that affect morbidity and mortality include:
Answer: Cirrhosis, coagulopathy, COPD, ischemic heart disease, DM
4. What is the most common mechanism of injury in the elderly?
Answer: Fall. Nonfatal falls are common in women, and fractures are common in
women who fall. Falls are the most common cause of TBI.
5. In the elderly population, what are risk factors for falls?
Answer: Advanced age, physical impairment, history of previous fall, medication use,
dementia, unsteady gait, and visual, cognitive impairment.
6. Most elderly traffic fatalities occur in the daytime and on weekends and typically
involve other vehicles. Why?
Answer: Older people drive on more familiar roads and at lower speeds and tend to
drive during the day. Older people have slower reaction time, a larger blind spot, limited
cervical mobility, decreased hearing, and cognitive impairment.
7. True or False? Mortality associated with small to moderate sized burns in older
adults remains high.
Answer: True
8. Spilled hot liquids on the leg, which in younger patients may re-epithelialize due
to an adequate number of hair follicles, will result in a full thickness burn in older
, patients.
Answer: True
9. Airway - patients may have dentures that may loosen or obstruct the airway. If
dentures are not obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what?
Answer: Bag mask ventilation, as it improves mask fitting.
10. When performing rapid sequence intubation, the dose of benzos, barbiturates,
and other sedatives should be reduced to what percentage to minimize the risk of
cardiovascular depression?
Answer: 20-40%
11. Functional changes in the cardiac system include declining function,
decreased sensitivity to catecholamines, atherosclerosis of coronary vessels,
increased afterload, fixed heart rate (beta blockers). What does this result in?
Answer: Lack of classic response to hypovolemia, risk for cardiac ischemia, elevated
BP at baseline, and increased risk of dysrhythmias.
12. Functional changes in the pulmonary system include decreased elastic recoil,
reduced residual capacity, decreased gas exchange, and decreased cough reflex.
What does this result in?
Answer: Increased risk for respiratory failure, increased risk for pneumonia, and poor
tolerance to rib fractures.
13. Functional changes in the renal system include loss of renal mass, decreased
GFR, and decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone. What does this result in?
Answer: Drug dosing for renal insufficiency, decreased ability to concentrate urine,
increased risk for AKI, and urine flow may be normal with hypovolemia.
14. Functional changes to MSK include loss of lean body mass, osteoporosis,
changes in joints and cartilage, cervical spine degenerative changes, and loss of
skin elastin and subcutaneous fat. What does this result in?
Answer: Increased risk for fractures, decreased mobility, difficulty for oral intubation,
risk of skin injury, increased risk for hypothermia, challenges in rehabilitation.
OVER 150 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
,1. True or False? Although the mechanism of injury may be similar to those for the
younger population, data shows increased mortality with similar severity of injury in
older adults.
Answer: True
2. In the elderly population, what is decreased physiological reserve?
Answer: Aging is characterized by impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms
that cause an increased susceptibility to the stress of injury. Insults tolerated by the
younger population can lead to devastating results in elderly patients.
3. Pre-existing conditions that affect morbidity and mortality include:
Answer: Cirrhosis, coagulopathy, COPD, ischemic heart disease, DM
4. What is the most common mechanism of injury in the elderly?
Answer: Fall. Nonfatal falls are common in women, and fractures are common in
women who fall. Falls are the most common cause of TBI.
5. In the elderly population, what are risk factors for falls?
Answer: Advanced age, physical impairment, history of previous fall, medication use,
dementia, unsteady gait, and visual, cognitive impairment.
6. Most elderly traffic fatalities occur in the daytime and on weekends and typically
involve other vehicles. Why?
Answer: Older people drive on more familiar roads and at lower speeds and tend to
drive during the day. Older people have slower reaction time, a larger blind spot, limited
cervical mobility, decreased hearing, and cognitive impairment.
7. True or False? Mortality associated with small to moderate sized burns in older
adults remains high.
Answer: True
8. Spilled hot liquids on the leg, which in younger patients may re-epithelialize due
to an adequate number of hair follicles, will result in a full thickness burn in older
, patients.
Answer: True
9. Airway - patients may have dentures that may loosen or obstruct the airway. If
dentures are not obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what?
Answer: Bag mask ventilation, as it improves mask fitting.
10. When performing rapid sequence intubation, the dose of benzos, barbiturates,
and other sedatives should be reduced to what percentage to minimize the risk of
cardiovascular depression?
Answer: 20-40%
11. Functional changes in the cardiac system include declining function,
decreased sensitivity to catecholamines, atherosclerosis of coronary vessels,
increased afterload, fixed heart rate (beta blockers). What does this result in?
Answer: Lack of classic response to hypovolemia, risk for cardiac ischemia, elevated
BP at baseline, and increased risk of dysrhythmias.
12. Functional changes in the pulmonary system include decreased elastic recoil,
reduced residual capacity, decreased gas exchange, and decreased cough reflex.
What does this result in?
Answer: Increased risk for respiratory failure, increased risk for pneumonia, and poor
tolerance to rib fractures.
13. Functional changes in the renal system include loss of renal mass, decreased
GFR, and decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone. What does this result in?
Answer: Drug dosing for renal insufficiency, decreased ability to concentrate urine,
increased risk for AKI, and urine flow may be normal with hypovolemia.
14. Functional changes to MSK include loss of lean body mass, osteoporosis,
changes in joints and cartilage, cervical spine degenerative changes, and loss of
skin elastin and subcutaneous fat. What does this result in?
Answer: Increased risk for fractures, decreased mobility, difficulty for oral intubation,
risk of skin injury, increased risk for hypothermia, challenges in rehabilitation.
