JARVIS EXAMINATION SCRIPT 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔variables that influence skin color - ✔✔emotional states, temperature, cigarette
smoking, prolonged elevation/dependent position of extremities, and prolonged
inactivity.
✔✔palpating skin - ✔✔texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, thickness, vascularity,
edema
✔✔what part of the skin should be assessed first? - ✔✔outer skin surface, then
concentrate on underlying structures
✔✔African Americans are at risk for - ✔✔keloid formation, traction alopecia, ashy
dermatitis because skin is dry
✔✔Asian culture considerations - ✔✔Southeast Asian Men: less body, more facial hair.
Common things also include tattoos, body piercings, other skin adornments
✔✔Arabic, Indian female cultural considerations - ✔✔henna tattoos
✔✔common Arabic skin lesions - ✔✔Mongolian spots, café au lait spots
✔✔Lesion characteristics - ✔✔location and distribution, color, pattern, edges, elevation,
size, shape/configuration, characteristics
✔✔Café au lait spots - ✔✔caused by increased melanin pigment in basal cell layer
✔✔annular - ✔✔begins in center and spreads to periphery (ringworm)
✔✔confluent - ✔✔lesions run together (hives)
✔✔discrete - ✔✔distinct, individual lesions that remain separate (skin tags, acne)
✔✔gyrate - ✔✔twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike lesions
✔✔grouped - ✔✔Clusters of lesions (vesicles of contact dermatitis)
✔✔linear - ✔✔a scratch, streak, line, or stripe
✔✔target - ✔✔resembles iris of eye, concentric rings of color in lesions
✔✔zosteriform - ✔✔linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route (ex: herpes
zoster/shingles)
, ✔✔polycyclic - ✔✔annular lesions grow together (lichen planus, psoriasis)
✔✔primary skin lesions - ✔✔are the initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and
may be flat or elevated. (example: macule)
✔✔secondary skin lesions - ✔✔Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface,
such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer.
✔✔vascular skin lesion - ✔✔involve some part of vascular system
spider angioma, ecchymosis
✔✔vitiligo - ✔✔localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
✔✔macule - ✔✔flat, colored spot on the skin. less than 1 cm. examples: freckles, flat
nevi, hypopigmentation, petechia, measles, scarlet fever
✔✔papule - ✔✔small, solid, raised lesion on surface of the skin. less than 1 cm
diameter, caused by thickening of the epidermis. example: elevated nevus (mole),
lichen planus, wart
✔✔patch - ✔✔Macules that are larger than 1 cm. Examples: mongolian spot, vitiligo,
café au lait spot, chloasma, measles rash.
✔✔nodule - ✔✔Solid, elevated, hard or soft, larger than 1 cm. May extend deeper into
dermis than papule. examples: xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevi
✔✔wheal - ✔✔superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous; slightly irregular shape
from edema. examples: mosquito bite, allergic reaction)
✔✔plaque - ✔✔a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of
the skin. examples: psoriasis
✔✔tumor - ✔✔larger than a few centimeters in diameter, firm or soft, deeper into
dermis; may be benign or malignant. examples: lipoma, hermangioma
✔✔Uricaria (hives) - ✔✔wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction
✔✔vesicle lesion - ✔✔elevated, thin-walled lesion containing clear fluid (blister).
example: herpes, early varicella, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis
✔✔bulla - ✔✔Larger than 1 cm diameter; usually single chambered (unilocular);
superficial in epidermis; thin walled and ruptures easily. Examples: friction blister,
pemphigus, burns, contact dermatitis.
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔variables that influence skin color - ✔✔emotional states, temperature, cigarette
smoking, prolonged elevation/dependent position of extremities, and prolonged
inactivity.
✔✔palpating skin - ✔✔texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, thickness, vascularity,
edema
✔✔what part of the skin should be assessed first? - ✔✔outer skin surface, then
concentrate on underlying structures
✔✔African Americans are at risk for - ✔✔keloid formation, traction alopecia, ashy
dermatitis because skin is dry
✔✔Asian culture considerations - ✔✔Southeast Asian Men: less body, more facial hair.
Common things also include tattoos, body piercings, other skin adornments
✔✔Arabic, Indian female cultural considerations - ✔✔henna tattoos
✔✔common Arabic skin lesions - ✔✔Mongolian spots, café au lait spots
✔✔Lesion characteristics - ✔✔location and distribution, color, pattern, edges, elevation,
size, shape/configuration, characteristics
✔✔Café au lait spots - ✔✔caused by increased melanin pigment in basal cell layer
✔✔annular - ✔✔begins in center and spreads to periphery (ringworm)
✔✔confluent - ✔✔lesions run together (hives)
✔✔discrete - ✔✔distinct, individual lesions that remain separate (skin tags, acne)
✔✔gyrate - ✔✔twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike lesions
✔✔grouped - ✔✔Clusters of lesions (vesicles of contact dermatitis)
✔✔linear - ✔✔a scratch, streak, line, or stripe
✔✔target - ✔✔resembles iris of eye, concentric rings of color in lesions
✔✔zosteriform - ✔✔linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route (ex: herpes
zoster/shingles)
, ✔✔polycyclic - ✔✔annular lesions grow together (lichen planus, psoriasis)
✔✔primary skin lesions - ✔✔are the initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and
may be flat or elevated. (example: macule)
✔✔secondary skin lesions - ✔✔Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface,
such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer.
✔✔vascular skin lesion - ✔✔involve some part of vascular system
spider angioma, ecchymosis
✔✔vitiligo - ✔✔localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
✔✔macule - ✔✔flat, colored spot on the skin. less than 1 cm. examples: freckles, flat
nevi, hypopigmentation, petechia, measles, scarlet fever
✔✔papule - ✔✔small, solid, raised lesion on surface of the skin. less than 1 cm
diameter, caused by thickening of the epidermis. example: elevated nevus (mole),
lichen planus, wart
✔✔patch - ✔✔Macules that are larger than 1 cm. Examples: mongolian spot, vitiligo,
café au lait spot, chloasma, measles rash.
✔✔nodule - ✔✔Solid, elevated, hard or soft, larger than 1 cm. May extend deeper into
dermis than papule. examples: xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevi
✔✔wheal - ✔✔superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous; slightly irregular shape
from edema. examples: mosquito bite, allergic reaction)
✔✔plaque - ✔✔a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of
the skin. examples: psoriasis
✔✔tumor - ✔✔larger than a few centimeters in diameter, firm or soft, deeper into
dermis; may be benign or malignant. examples: lipoma, hermangioma
✔✔Uricaria (hives) - ✔✔wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction
✔✔vesicle lesion - ✔✔elevated, thin-walled lesion containing clear fluid (blister).
example: herpes, early varicella, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis
✔✔bulla - ✔✔Larger than 1 cm diameter; usually single chambered (unilocular);
superficial in epidermis; thin walled and ruptures easily. Examples: friction blister,
pemphigus, burns, contact dermatitis.
