HIST 2620 Chapter 22 | Questions with Verified Answers

HIST 2620 Chapter 22 | Questions with Verified Answers A major success for Germany and its allies during World War II was the "blitzkrieg" campaign. After breaking Japanese codes, the American navy was forewarned about the timing of this attack and prepared for an ambush. This battle proved to be the turning point of the Pacific naval war. Battle of Midway As late as December 1944, more American military personnel were deployed in the Pacific theater of war than against Germany. True As the war drew to a close, tensions emerged among the Allied powers over Stalin's reluctance to allow self-rule in eastern Europe, and Churchill's reluctance to allow self-rule for Great Britain's colonies. true At Bataan in the Philippines, U.S. and Filipino forces captured 78,000 Japanese soldiers in the largest surrender in Japanese military history. False By 1944, the United States produced a plane every five minutes and a ship every day. True By the late 1930s, Americans were nearly universally in favor of intervening militarily in Germany to stop the horrors being perpetrated against Jews and others by Adolf Hitler and his followers. false Congress passed this legislation in 1941, which authorized military aid so long as countries promised to return it all after the war. The passing of this act allowed the U.S. to funnel billions of dollars' worth of arms to Britain, China, and later the Soviet Union. Lend-Lease Act During Germany's effort to seize Stalingrad beginning in August 1942, 800,000 Germans and 1.2 million Russians died in the fighting. True During World War II, membership numbers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) grew to approximately one-half million. True During World War II, the Axis powers were Germany, Italy, and Japan. During World War II, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was probably more racially integrated than any labor organization since the Knights of Labor in the 1880s. True During World War II, the NAACP and American Jewish Congress cooperated closely in advocating laws to ban discrimination in employment and housing. True During World War II, the Red Cross refused to mix blood from blacks and whites in its blood banks. True During World War II, the federal government spent twice the amount of money it had spent in all of the previous 150 years of American history. True Eighty percent of Japan's oil came from the United States prior to 1941 True Following America's entry into the war, the federal government assumed vast powers to oversee the national economy. True Franklin Delano Roosevelt's foreign policy with regard to Latin American countries was called the Good Neighbor Policy. Germany suffered far higher casualties among its soldiers on the western front than it did on the Russian front. false In May 1942, the United States Navy thwarted a Japanese attack against Australia in the Battle of the Coral Sea. True In the 1944 case of Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that the internment of people of Japanese descent was not based on race. June 6, 1944, the day on which nearly 200,000 American, British, and Canadian soldiers landed in northwestern France, in Normandy, is known as D-Day. Millions of Americans moved out of urban ethnic neighborhoods and isolated rural enclaves into the army and industrial plants where they came into contact with people from various backgrounds, creating a melting pot that historians call patriotic assimilation. Most of the bloodshed that occurred in Europe during World War II took place on the eastern front. True On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes attacked the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor. Where is Pearl Harbor? Hawaii President Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066 ordered the internment of all Japanese-Americans who refused to sign an oath of loyalty to the United States. False Prior wars, such as the Mexican War and World War I, had deeply divided American society, yet World War II came to be remembered as the Good War. True Senator Gerald P. Nye's hearings demonstrated that bankers had suffered terrible economic setbacks during World War I. False Some 30 million Americans moved during World War II. Half of these people went into military service. The America First Committee sought to ensure that America would be one of the first nations to enter the conflict against Adolf Hitler. False The American Indians who were famously called "code talkers" during World War II were from the Cherokee tribe. False The Ford Motor Company employed slave labor provided by the German government. True The Road to Serfdom was written by economist Friedrich A. Hayek, who stated "planning leads to dictatorship," alluding to the idea that even the best-intentioned government efforts to direct the economy posed a threat to individual liberty. True The Roosevelt administration paid little attention to foreign affairs before the attack on Pearl Harbor.