HIST 2620 Chapter 19 | Questions and Answers

HIST 2620 Chapter 19 | Questions and Answers A leading characterization of U.S. foreign policy in the early twentieth century was "Dollar Diplomacy." After America entered the World War I, antiwar opposition disappeared. False As part of the 1907 Gentlemen's Agreement, Japan agreed to end migration to the United States except for agricultural workingmen to aid in the food for troops. False At the outbreak of war in Europe in the summer of 1914, the U.S. quickly unified in its support for Great Britain and France. False Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer sent federal agents to raid the offices of radical and labor organizations in November 1919 and January 1920 as part of the Red Scare. True Between 1901 and 1920, the U.S. marines landed in Caribbean countries more than twenty times. Dollar Diplomacy, the U.S. foreign policy that emphasized economic investment and loans from American banks, rather than direct military intervention, was the policy of William Howard Taft. During World War I, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire were called the Central Powers. Between 1910 and 1920, half a million blacks moved away from the South; many migrated into northern cities like Chicago, New York, Akron, Buffalo, and Trenton. True During World War I, popular words of German origin were changed; "hamburger" became "liberty sandwich." Birth of a Nation, a movie filled with the ideologies of white supremacy and the Ku Klux Klan, had its premiere showing at the White House. True By 1900, measured by its acquisition of new territories, the United States was an imperialist power, the equal of Great Britain and France. False By 1918, the wealthiest Americans were paying 60 percent of their income in taxes. True How many soldiers perished during World War I worldwide? 10 million In 1916, President Wilson sent more than 10,000 troops into Mexico in an effort (that proved unsuccessful) to arrest "Pancho" Villa, who had killed seventeen Americans in an attack on Columbus, New Mexico. In Buck v. Bell (1927), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of involuntarily sterilizing insane and "feeble-minded" person so not to pass the gene on to the next generation. In November 1917, in the midst of World War I, a communist revolution broke out in what country? Russia In the 1919 steel strike, workers demanded union recognition, higher wages, and an eight-hour day. True In the last year and a half of Wilson's presidency, his wife, Edith, headed the government. True Major strides toward the advancement of equality for American blacks was one significant consequence of the war's aftermath due to the heroism, courage, determination, and patriotism demonstrated by black soldiers during World War I. False More people were killed by the flu (epidemic of influenza) at the end of World War I than died during all the years of fighting in that war. True Most Progressives opposed America's entry into World War I as jingoistic, imperialist venturing. False No one was ever convicted under the 1917 Espionage Act or the 1918 Sedition Act. False Of the great ideologies that had arisen in the nineteenth century America, which, by 1920, had proven most powerful? Nationalism President Roosevelt declined to assert U.S. authority over the Canal Zone until the citizens of Panama had a chance to vote on the matter. False President Wilson articulated the clearest statement of American war aims and his vision of a new postwar international order in the Fourteen Points. President Wilson won reelection in 1916 on the slogan, "We must fight to make the world safe for democracy." False President Wilson's Fourteen Points had asserted the principle of "self-determination." In this spirit, W. E. B. Du Bois organized a pan-African Congress in Paris that put forward the idea of a self-governing nation to be carved out of Germany's African colonies. Koreans, Indians, Irish, and others also pressed claims for self-determination. True President Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for helping to negotiate a settlement of the Russo-Japanese War of 1905. President Woodrow Wilson authorized more military interventions into Latin America than any other president in American history. True Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson shared a common belief that the United States had a right, even a duty, to intervene from time to time in the affairs of other countries. True Randolph Bourne's vision of America was one in which a cosmopolitan, democratic society in which immigrants and natives would together create a new "trans-national" culture. Reparations payments at the end of World War I demanded Germany pay, in effect, to repair the damages it had inflicted on the Allies (reparations payments were estimated variously to be between $33 billion and $56 billion). True President Wilson's foreign policy that called for active intervention to remake the world in America's image, and which asserted the view that greater freedom worldwide would follow from increased American investment and trade abroad was called liberal internationalism. Settlement house workers, social scientists, and Progressives in general placed demands for black suffrage at the forefront of their efforts. False Ten of the twelve states that by 1916 had adopted women's suffrage were carried by Wilson in the election that year; without women's votes, Wilson would not have been reelected. True During 1919, more than 250 people died in riots in northern cities. True The "Open Door" Policy refers to a liberal policy on the part of industrial a key principle of American foreign relations that emphasizes the free flow of trade, investment, and information. The 1905 Niagara movement derived its name from the fact that a group of black leaders met at Niagara Falls, Canada, since no hotel on the American side would accommodate them. True