Chapter 29:Plant Diversity 1:How Plants Colonized Land
1. When did small plants, fungi and animals join land <answer> In the last 500
billion years
2. How many plant species are known <answer> 290,000
3. Similarities between land plants and algae <answer> 1. Rings of cellulose-
synthesizing proteins
2. Structure of flagellated sperm
3. Formation of a phragmoplast (group of microtubules that form between the
daughter nuclei of a dividing cell)
4. Factors that enabled the move from aquatic to land environment <answer> 1.
charo- phyte algae inhibit shallow waters where drying occurs (natural selection
favors those that can survive drying)
5. sporopollenin <answer> durable polymer that prevents exposed zygotes from dryin
out
6. Pros of moving to land <answer> 1. bright sunlight unfiltered by water and plankton
2. more plentiful carbon dioxide
3. soil at water's edge was rich in mineral nutrients
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, 7. Cons of moving to land <answer> 1. scarcity of water
2. lack of structural support against gravity
8. Derived Traits of Land Plants <answer> 1. alternation of generations
2. multicellular
3. dependent embryos
4. walls spores produced in sporangia
5. multicellular gametangia
6. apical meristems
7. cuticle
8. stomata
9. gametophyte <answer> haploid production by mitosis of haploid gametes (egg and
sperm)
10. sporophyte <answer> diploid spore producing plant
11. spores <answer> reproductive cells that can develop into a new haploid organism
without fusing with another cell
12. embryophytes <answer> the multicellular, dependent embryo of land plants is
such a significant derived trait that land plants
13. sporangia <answer> multicellular organs in a sporophyte that produces spores
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1. When did small plants, fungi and animals join land <answer> In the last 500
billion years
2. How many plant species are known <answer> 290,000
3. Similarities between land plants and algae <answer> 1. Rings of cellulose-
synthesizing proteins
2. Structure of flagellated sperm
3. Formation of a phragmoplast (group of microtubules that form between the
daughter nuclei of a dividing cell)
4. Factors that enabled the move from aquatic to land environment <answer> 1.
charo- phyte algae inhibit shallow waters where drying occurs (natural selection
favors those that can survive drying)
5. sporopollenin <answer> durable polymer that prevents exposed zygotes from dryin
out
6. Pros of moving to land <answer> 1. bright sunlight unfiltered by water and plankton
2. more plentiful carbon dioxide
3. soil at water's edge was rich in mineral nutrients
1/
15
, 7. Cons of moving to land <answer> 1. scarcity of water
2. lack of structural support against gravity
8. Derived Traits of Land Plants <answer> 1. alternation of generations
2. multicellular
3. dependent embryos
4. walls spores produced in sporangia
5. multicellular gametangia
6. apical meristems
7. cuticle
8. stomata
9. gametophyte <answer> haploid production by mitosis of haploid gametes (egg and
sperm)
10. sporophyte <answer> diploid spore producing plant
11. spores <answer> reproductive cells that can develop into a new haploid organism
without fusing with another cell
12. embryophytes <answer> the multicellular, dependent embryo of land plants is
such a significant derived trait that land plants
13. sporangia <answer> multicellular organs in a sporophyte that produces spores
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15
