PEDS ATI ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Gross Motor Skills 1-3 Yrs - ✔✔15 months › Walks without help
› Creeps up stairs
18 months › Assumes a standing position
› Throws a ball overhand
› Jumps up and down with both feet
2 years › Walks up and down stairs by placing
both feet on each step
2.5 years › Jumps across the floor using both feet and off a chair or step
› Stands on one foot momentarily
✔✔Fine Motor Skills 1-3 Years - ✔✔15 Months: › Uses a cup well
› Builds a tower of two blocks
18 Months: › Manages a spoon without rotation
› Turns pages in a book, two or three at
a time
2 Years: › Builds a tower of six or seven blocks
2.5 Years › Draws circles
› Has good hand-finger coordination
✔✔Growth And Development 3-6 Years old (Preschoolers)
◯ Piaget - The preconceptual phase transitions to the phase of intuitive thought around
the age of 4 years. The phase of intuitive thought lasts until the age of 7 years.
◯ Erikson - initiative vs. guilt - ✔✔Weight - Preschoolers should gain about 2 to 3 kg
(4.4 to 6.6 lb) per year.
◯ Height - Preschoolers should grow about 6.5 to 9 cm (2.6 to 3.5 in) per year.
◯ Preschoolers' bodies evolve away from the characteristically unsteady wide stances
and protruding abdomens of toddlers, into a more graceful, posturally erect, and sturdy
physicality.
■ The preschooler moves from totally egocentric thoughts to social awareness and the
ability to understand the viewpoints of others.
☐ Magical thinking - Thoughts can cause events to occur.
☐ Animism - Inanimate objects are alive.
☐ Centration - Focus on one aspect instead of considering the whole
,The vocabulary of preschoolers increases to more than 2,100 words by the end of the
fifth year.
■ Preschoolers speak in sentences of three to four words at the ages of 3 and 4 years,
and four to five words at the age of 4 to 5 years.
■ Older preschoolers primarily take actions based on satisfying personal needs, yet are
beginning to understand the concepts of justice and fairness.
■ By the age of 5 years, preschoolers begin comparing themselves with peers.
◯ Parallel play shifts to associative play during the preschool years. Play is not highly
organized, butcooperation does exist between children. Appropriate activities include:
■ Playing ball
■ Putting puzzles together
■ Riding tricycles
■ Playing pretend and dress-up activities
■ Role playing
■ Painting
■ Simple sewing
■ Reading books
■ Wading pools
■ Skating
■ Computer programs
■ Electronic games
✔✔Growth And Development 3-6 Years - ✔✔◯ Preschoolers need 13 to 19 g/day of
protein in addition to adequate calcium, iron, folate, and
vitamins A and C.
◯ Saturated fats should be less than 10% of preschoolers' total caloric intake, and total
fat over several days should be 20% to 30% of total caloric intake
◯ Eruption of primary teeth is finalized by the beginning of the preschool years.
It is recommended that children use an approved car restraint system until they achieve
a height of 145 cm (4 feet, 9 in).
✔✔Gross Motor Skills 3-6 Years Old - ✔✔3 Years:
› Rides a tricycle
› Jumps off bottom step
› Stands on one foot for a
few seconds
4 Years:
› Skips and hops on one foot
› Throws ball overhead
,5 Years:
› Jumps rope
› Walks backward with heel to toe
› Throws and catches a ball with ease
✔✔Growth And Development 6-12 Years (School Age Children)
◯ Piaget - Concrete operations
Erikson- industry vs. inferiority - ✔✔Weight - School-age children will gain about 2 to 3
kg (4.4 to 6.6 lb) per year.
◯ Height - School-age children will grow about 5 cm (2 inches) per year
■ Onset of physiologic changes begins around the age of 9 years, particularly in girls.
Transitions from perceptual to conceptual thinking
■ Masters the concept of conservation
☐ Conservation of mass is understood first, followed by weight, and then volume
■ Learns to tell time
■ Classifies more complex information
■ Able to see the perspective of others
■ Able to solve problems
Creating systems that reward successful mastery of skills and tasks can create a sense
of
inferiority in children unable to complete the tasks or acquire the skills.
Peer groups play an important part in social development. Peer pressure begins to take
effect
Conformity becomes evident.
Children from 6 to 9 years of age
■ Play simple board and number games.
■ Play hopscotch.
■ Jump rope.
■ Collect rocks, stamps, cards, coins, or stuffed animals.
■ Ride bicycles.
■ Build simple models.
■ Join organized sports (for skill building).
◯ Children from 9 to 12 years of age
■ Make crafts.
■ Build models.
■ Collect things/engage in hobbies.
■ Solve jigsaw puzzles.
■ Play board and card games.
■ Join organized competitive sport
, ✔✔Growth And Development 6-12 years Contd - ✔✔◯ Scoliosis - School-age children
should be screened for scoliosis by examining for a lateral curvature of the spine before
and during growth spurts. Screening may take place at schools or at a healthcare
facilities.
Approximately 9 hours of sleep is needed each night at the age of 12 years.
◯ Resistance to bedtime is sometimes experienced around the age of 8 and 9 years,
and again around the age of 11 years, but is typically resolved by the age of 12 years.
✔✔Growth And Development 12-20 Years
( Adolescence)
◯ Piaget - formal operations
◯ Erikson - identity vs. role confusion - ✔✔The final 20% to 25% of height is achieved
during puberty.
◯ Acne may appear during adolescence.
◯ Girls stop growing at about 2 to 2.5 years after the onset of menarche. They grow 5
to 20 cm (2 to 8 in)and gain 7 to 25 kg (15.5 to 55 lb).
◯ Boys stop growing at around 18 to 20 years of age. They grow 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12
inches) and gain 7 to 30 kg (15.5 to 66 lb).
In girls, sexual maturation occurs in the following order:
■ Breast development
■ Pubic hair growth (some girls experience hair growth before breast development)
■ Axillary hair growth
■ Menstruation
◯ In males, sexual maturation occurs in the following order:
■ Testicular enlargement
■ Pubic hair growth
■ Facial hair growth
■ Vocal changes
Transition from same-sex friendships to intimate relationships with the opposite sex
during middle adolescence.
Age-Appropriate Activities
◯ Nonviolent video games
◯ Nonviolent music
◯ Sports
◯ Caring for a pet
◯ Career-training programs
◯ Reading
◯ Social events (going to movies, school dances)
✔✔Pain Management Chapter 9 - ✔✔◯ Developmental Characteristics
■ Young infant
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Gross Motor Skills 1-3 Yrs - ✔✔15 months › Walks without help
› Creeps up stairs
18 months › Assumes a standing position
› Throws a ball overhand
› Jumps up and down with both feet
2 years › Walks up and down stairs by placing
both feet on each step
2.5 years › Jumps across the floor using both feet and off a chair or step
› Stands on one foot momentarily
✔✔Fine Motor Skills 1-3 Years - ✔✔15 Months: › Uses a cup well
› Builds a tower of two blocks
18 Months: › Manages a spoon without rotation
› Turns pages in a book, two or three at
a time
2 Years: › Builds a tower of six or seven blocks
2.5 Years › Draws circles
› Has good hand-finger coordination
✔✔Growth And Development 3-6 Years old (Preschoolers)
◯ Piaget - The preconceptual phase transitions to the phase of intuitive thought around
the age of 4 years. The phase of intuitive thought lasts until the age of 7 years.
◯ Erikson - initiative vs. guilt - ✔✔Weight - Preschoolers should gain about 2 to 3 kg
(4.4 to 6.6 lb) per year.
◯ Height - Preschoolers should grow about 6.5 to 9 cm (2.6 to 3.5 in) per year.
◯ Preschoolers' bodies evolve away from the characteristically unsteady wide stances
and protruding abdomens of toddlers, into a more graceful, posturally erect, and sturdy
physicality.
■ The preschooler moves from totally egocentric thoughts to social awareness and the
ability to understand the viewpoints of others.
☐ Magical thinking - Thoughts can cause events to occur.
☐ Animism - Inanimate objects are alive.
☐ Centration - Focus on one aspect instead of considering the whole
,The vocabulary of preschoolers increases to more than 2,100 words by the end of the
fifth year.
■ Preschoolers speak in sentences of three to four words at the ages of 3 and 4 years,
and four to five words at the age of 4 to 5 years.
■ Older preschoolers primarily take actions based on satisfying personal needs, yet are
beginning to understand the concepts of justice and fairness.
■ By the age of 5 years, preschoolers begin comparing themselves with peers.
◯ Parallel play shifts to associative play during the preschool years. Play is not highly
organized, butcooperation does exist between children. Appropriate activities include:
■ Playing ball
■ Putting puzzles together
■ Riding tricycles
■ Playing pretend and dress-up activities
■ Role playing
■ Painting
■ Simple sewing
■ Reading books
■ Wading pools
■ Skating
■ Computer programs
■ Electronic games
✔✔Growth And Development 3-6 Years - ✔✔◯ Preschoolers need 13 to 19 g/day of
protein in addition to adequate calcium, iron, folate, and
vitamins A and C.
◯ Saturated fats should be less than 10% of preschoolers' total caloric intake, and total
fat over several days should be 20% to 30% of total caloric intake
◯ Eruption of primary teeth is finalized by the beginning of the preschool years.
It is recommended that children use an approved car restraint system until they achieve
a height of 145 cm (4 feet, 9 in).
✔✔Gross Motor Skills 3-6 Years Old - ✔✔3 Years:
› Rides a tricycle
› Jumps off bottom step
› Stands on one foot for a
few seconds
4 Years:
› Skips and hops on one foot
› Throws ball overhead
,5 Years:
› Jumps rope
› Walks backward with heel to toe
› Throws and catches a ball with ease
✔✔Growth And Development 6-12 Years (School Age Children)
◯ Piaget - Concrete operations
Erikson- industry vs. inferiority - ✔✔Weight - School-age children will gain about 2 to 3
kg (4.4 to 6.6 lb) per year.
◯ Height - School-age children will grow about 5 cm (2 inches) per year
■ Onset of physiologic changes begins around the age of 9 years, particularly in girls.
Transitions from perceptual to conceptual thinking
■ Masters the concept of conservation
☐ Conservation of mass is understood first, followed by weight, and then volume
■ Learns to tell time
■ Classifies more complex information
■ Able to see the perspective of others
■ Able to solve problems
Creating systems that reward successful mastery of skills and tasks can create a sense
of
inferiority in children unable to complete the tasks or acquire the skills.
Peer groups play an important part in social development. Peer pressure begins to take
effect
Conformity becomes evident.
Children from 6 to 9 years of age
■ Play simple board and number games.
■ Play hopscotch.
■ Jump rope.
■ Collect rocks, stamps, cards, coins, or stuffed animals.
■ Ride bicycles.
■ Build simple models.
■ Join organized sports (for skill building).
◯ Children from 9 to 12 years of age
■ Make crafts.
■ Build models.
■ Collect things/engage in hobbies.
■ Solve jigsaw puzzles.
■ Play board and card games.
■ Join organized competitive sport
, ✔✔Growth And Development 6-12 years Contd - ✔✔◯ Scoliosis - School-age children
should be screened for scoliosis by examining for a lateral curvature of the spine before
and during growth spurts. Screening may take place at schools or at a healthcare
facilities.
Approximately 9 hours of sleep is needed each night at the age of 12 years.
◯ Resistance to bedtime is sometimes experienced around the age of 8 and 9 years,
and again around the age of 11 years, but is typically resolved by the age of 12 years.
✔✔Growth And Development 12-20 Years
( Adolescence)
◯ Piaget - formal operations
◯ Erikson - identity vs. role confusion - ✔✔The final 20% to 25% of height is achieved
during puberty.
◯ Acne may appear during adolescence.
◯ Girls stop growing at about 2 to 2.5 years after the onset of menarche. They grow 5
to 20 cm (2 to 8 in)and gain 7 to 25 kg (15.5 to 55 lb).
◯ Boys stop growing at around 18 to 20 years of age. They grow 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12
inches) and gain 7 to 30 kg (15.5 to 66 lb).
In girls, sexual maturation occurs in the following order:
■ Breast development
■ Pubic hair growth (some girls experience hair growth before breast development)
■ Axillary hair growth
■ Menstruation
◯ In males, sexual maturation occurs in the following order:
■ Testicular enlargement
■ Pubic hair growth
■ Facial hair growth
■ Vocal changes
Transition from same-sex friendships to intimate relationships with the opposite sex
during middle adolescence.
Age-Appropriate Activities
◯ Nonviolent video games
◯ Nonviolent music
◯ Sports
◯ Caring for a pet
◯ Career-training programs
◯ Reading
◯ Social events (going to movies, school dances)
✔✔Pain Management Chapter 9 - ✔✔◯ Developmental Characteristics
■ Young infant
