Nutrition
What is nutrition? Fuel, energy, metabolism, lifestyle choices.
Somebody in the hospital with comorbidities but the cause of it is the nutritional status which they
can improve just by changing their diet.
• Six Classes of Nutrients
• Nutrients that supply energy
We have to have those but in moderation.
myfoodplate.gov is an excellent teaching tool for someone who is teachable. Show your client a
print out for visual. Something to tell your client is that they should incorporate something
green into their diet everyday. A vegetable not green jello, make sure to be very specific.
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Lipids
• Nutrients that regulate body processes
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water Some of the patients you will have will refuse water, well they
have to have it, you can be direct with them. Body is made up of 60% of
water
,• What is a basal metabolism? I’m talking about energy. What affects your BMR?
• Factors that increase BMR
Vocab: Basal metabolism: amount of energy required to carry out involuntary activities of the
body at rest. • Growth, infections, fever, emotional tension, extreme
We know that basal metabolism involves; environmental temperatures, elevated levels of
certain hormones (epinephrine and thyroid)
• Maintaining body temperature (involuntary),
• Factors that decrease BMR
• Muscle tone (involuntary) unless you’re working out to increase your muscle tone,
• Aging, prolonged fasting, and sleep
• Secretion release (involuntary) sweat, mucous
• Propelling food through the GI tract (involuntary)
• Inflating your lungs, oxygenation (involuntary) SpO2 level
• Contraction of heart muscle (involuntary) heart rate
• Factors Affecting Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Know purpose of BMR and what it is.
What is BMR? Basal metabolic rate (BMR) measures the amount of energy — in calories — that your
body needs to stay alive and function properly.
Who has a higher BMR?
• Males (think globally) have a higher BMR Why? due to larger
muscle mass
• BMR is about 1 cal/kg of body weight per hour for men
• BMR is about 0.9 cal/kg of body weight per hour for women
, • BMI for Age Percentile Don’t need to know this chart:
What is BMI? (just know the definition)
Vocab: Body mass index (BMI): ratio of height to weight
Is the BMI always accurate? (NO)
It talks about how the body stores fat.
• What groups of people might BMI be specifically inaccurate for?
- geriatric population – edema, fluid overload, CHF – fluctuation with edema
(on the side note he mentioned) we want to know is that individual who is under
their BMI eating a lot of fruits and vegetables, and they’ve had diarrhea for eight
days. There might be some imbalance there. Imbalanced nutrition less that body
requirement if they’re losing weight. They’re not getting the whole set of nutrients
that they need in their body.
From the book: The measurement is a good indicator of abdominal fat. Where
excess body fat is deposited is thought to be a good indicator of risk for disease
such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.
What is nutrition? Fuel, energy, metabolism, lifestyle choices.
Somebody in the hospital with comorbidities but the cause of it is the nutritional status which they
can improve just by changing their diet.
• Six Classes of Nutrients
• Nutrients that supply energy
We have to have those but in moderation.
myfoodplate.gov is an excellent teaching tool for someone who is teachable. Show your client a
print out for visual. Something to tell your client is that they should incorporate something
green into their diet everyday. A vegetable not green jello, make sure to be very specific.
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Lipids
• Nutrients that regulate body processes
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water Some of the patients you will have will refuse water, well they
have to have it, you can be direct with them. Body is made up of 60% of
water
,• What is a basal metabolism? I’m talking about energy. What affects your BMR?
• Factors that increase BMR
Vocab: Basal metabolism: amount of energy required to carry out involuntary activities of the
body at rest. • Growth, infections, fever, emotional tension, extreme
We know that basal metabolism involves; environmental temperatures, elevated levels of
certain hormones (epinephrine and thyroid)
• Maintaining body temperature (involuntary),
• Factors that decrease BMR
• Muscle tone (involuntary) unless you’re working out to increase your muscle tone,
• Aging, prolonged fasting, and sleep
• Secretion release (involuntary) sweat, mucous
• Propelling food through the GI tract (involuntary)
• Inflating your lungs, oxygenation (involuntary) SpO2 level
• Contraction of heart muscle (involuntary) heart rate
• Factors Affecting Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Know purpose of BMR and what it is.
What is BMR? Basal metabolic rate (BMR) measures the amount of energy — in calories — that your
body needs to stay alive and function properly.
Who has a higher BMR?
• Males (think globally) have a higher BMR Why? due to larger
muscle mass
• BMR is about 1 cal/kg of body weight per hour for men
• BMR is about 0.9 cal/kg of body weight per hour for women
, • BMI for Age Percentile Don’t need to know this chart:
What is BMI? (just know the definition)
Vocab: Body mass index (BMI): ratio of height to weight
Is the BMI always accurate? (NO)
It talks about how the body stores fat.
• What groups of people might BMI be specifically inaccurate for?
- geriatric population – edema, fluid overload, CHF – fluctuation with edema
(on the side note he mentioned) we want to know is that individual who is under
their BMI eating a lot of fruits and vegetables, and they’ve had diarrhea for eight
days. There might be some imbalance there. Imbalanced nutrition less that body
requirement if they’re losing weight. They’re not getting the whole set of nutrients
that they need in their body.
From the book: The measurement is a good indicator of abdominal fat. Where
excess body fat is deposited is thought to be a good indicator of risk for disease
such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.
