Med-Surg Exam 2
jersey college,questions
and correct answers
angina could be triggered by ? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-eating a heavy meal
Exp: blood shunted to the GI area which decreases blood availability to the
myocardium
locations of chest pain? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-typically felt behind the sternum and
may radiate to:neck, jaw, shoulders, and along the inner aspect of the left arm.
what is the classic finding of angina? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-it is relieved with rest or
nitroglycerine
Pt. education for nitroglycerin? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-1. keep in a dark bottle
2.renew every 6 months
3.place under tongue, never swallowed
4. can take every 5 minutes x 3 doses
5. call 911 after the first dose if pain is not relieved
decrease in cardiac output, expect the pulse to be? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-weak,
thready pulse
signs of hypokalemia? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-muscle weakness
fatigue
muscle cramps
constipation
inverted T waves and a U wave on ekg
metabolic syndrome increases the risk of? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart disease
,spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that could? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
potentiate fluid and electrolyte imbalances ( if given with potassium supplements,
hyperkalemia can occur)
how do bet-blockers work? end in -olol - (correct answer)✔️✔️-decreases heart rate
and blood pressure. mask the signs of hypoglycemia or worsen asthma because of
bronchoconstriction
why should you avoid discontinuing anti-hypertensives medications abruptly? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-increase risk for rebound hypertension
ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) increase the risk of? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-hyperkalemia
ACE inhibitors, how do they work? ends in -pril - (correct answer)✔️✔️-stop
angiotensin 1 from converting to angiotensin 2 (powerful vasoconstrictor) thereby
lowering total peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
How to take a proper blood pressure reading? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-instruct pt. to
not eat or drink for 30 mins
support arm at heart level
make sure both feet are flat on the floor
the target organs affected by long standing hypertension? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy
decrease in output could cause what? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-decrease in tissue
perfusion which results in organ failure
Following a pulmonary artery pressure reading you should deflate the balloon. Why?
- (correct answer)✔️✔️-to restore the blood flow through the pulmonary artery
Straining with bowel movements is not good because? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-it
triggers the valsalva maneuver which increases intrathoracic pressure decreasing
the venous blood flow to the heart and results in decrease cardiac output.
change patients position slowly to prebent? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-orthostatic
hypotension
Low central venous pressure levels could suggests? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-could
suggest dehydration or overdiuresis
increase central venous pressure could suggest? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart failure
,increase central venous pressure provides a measurement of what? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-measurement of the volume of blood that returned to the right side of
the heart (2-6 mm Hg)
Hemodynamic monitoring is performed where? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-in ICU and
allows for direct cardiac monitoring
homocysteine - (correct answer)✔️✔️-damage the endothelial lining of the arteries
increase risk for thrombus formation and lead to stroke, CAD, and peripheral artery
disease
the radiology procedure ECHOCARDIOGRAM shows what about the heart? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-direction of blood flow
heart shape and size
ventricular function
ejection fraction
the purpose of a cardiac stress test? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-to determine the hearts
ability to respond to increase oxygen demand
this protein triggers sodium excretion and a decrease in volume? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
these protein levels increase as ventricular pressure increase in order to rid the
body of excess fluid? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
BNP level greater than _____ suggests what? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-BNP levels
greater than 100 suggest heart failure
contrast medium is contraindicated in what type of patients? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
patients who are allergic to iodine, shellfish or seafood
patients who are pregnant or has elevated creatinine levels
contrast medium is? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-nephrotoxic
Premature Ventricular Contractions could trigger ? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-life
threatening dysrthymias
therapeutic INR levels for coumadin when used for a-fib is? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
INR 2-3
complication that may occur following cardiac catherization? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
fatal dysrhythmias
, Adventitious sound heard of the lower airway narrowing? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
wheezing
fluid accumulation in the lower basis of the lungs, you will hear what sound? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-crackles
what suggest increase pressure and filling volumes in the ventricles? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-JVD
Peripheral edema
hepatomegaly
scrotal edema
shortness of breath
crackles
S3 in older adults are significant and may suggest? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart
failure
Valve disorders contribute to? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-turbulent blood flow and heart
murmurs
what is an MI? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-blockages or constriction of the coronary
arteries
unresolved ischemia leads to? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-necrosis of myocardial cells and
the release of enzymes (CK-MB creatine) and proteins (Troponin, Troponin 1, kinase,
and myoglobin) into the blood stream
blood flow through the right atrium is done through? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-the
inferior and superior vena cava
this initiates the impulse that causes atrial contraction? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
Sinostrial (SA) node
the SA node is observed by what wave on the the EKG? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-the P
wave
Depolorization results in? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-cardiac contraction
Repolarization results in? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-return of the chambers to a resting
state
Cardiac output? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-total amount of blood that leaves the
ventricles in one minute. Normal is 4-6 L
jersey college,questions
and correct answers
angina could be triggered by ? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-eating a heavy meal
Exp: blood shunted to the GI area which decreases blood availability to the
myocardium
locations of chest pain? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-typically felt behind the sternum and
may radiate to:neck, jaw, shoulders, and along the inner aspect of the left arm.
what is the classic finding of angina? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-it is relieved with rest or
nitroglycerine
Pt. education for nitroglycerin? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-1. keep in a dark bottle
2.renew every 6 months
3.place under tongue, never swallowed
4. can take every 5 minutes x 3 doses
5. call 911 after the first dose if pain is not relieved
decrease in cardiac output, expect the pulse to be? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-weak,
thready pulse
signs of hypokalemia? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-muscle weakness
fatigue
muscle cramps
constipation
inverted T waves and a U wave on ekg
metabolic syndrome increases the risk of? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart disease
,spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that could? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
potentiate fluid and electrolyte imbalances ( if given with potassium supplements,
hyperkalemia can occur)
how do bet-blockers work? end in -olol - (correct answer)✔️✔️-decreases heart rate
and blood pressure. mask the signs of hypoglycemia or worsen asthma because of
bronchoconstriction
why should you avoid discontinuing anti-hypertensives medications abruptly? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-increase risk for rebound hypertension
ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) increase the risk of? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-hyperkalemia
ACE inhibitors, how do they work? ends in -pril - (correct answer)✔️✔️-stop
angiotensin 1 from converting to angiotensin 2 (powerful vasoconstrictor) thereby
lowering total peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
How to take a proper blood pressure reading? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-instruct pt. to
not eat or drink for 30 mins
support arm at heart level
make sure both feet are flat on the floor
the target organs affected by long standing hypertension? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy
decrease in output could cause what? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-decrease in tissue
perfusion which results in organ failure
Following a pulmonary artery pressure reading you should deflate the balloon. Why?
- (correct answer)✔️✔️-to restore the blood flow through the pulmonary artery
Straining with bowel movements is not good because? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-it
triggers the valsalva maneuver which increases intrathoracic pressure decreasing
the venous blood flow to the heart and results in decrease cardiac output.
change patients position slowly to prebent? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-orthostatic
hypotension
Low central venous pressure levels could suggests? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-could
suggest dehydration or overdiuresis
increase central venous pressure could suggest? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart failure
,increase central venous pressure provides a measurement of what? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-measurement of the volume of blood that returned to the right side of
the heart (2-6 mm Hg)
Hemodynamic monitoring is performed where? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-in ICU and
allows for direct cardiac monitoring
homocysteine - (correct answer)✔️✔️-damage the endothelial lining of the arteries
increase risk for thrombus formation and lead to stroke, CAD, and peripheral artery
disease
the radiology procedure ECHOCARDIOGRAM shows what about the heart? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-direction of blood flow
heart shape and size
ventricular function
ejection fraction
the purpose of a cardiac stress test? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-to determine the hearts
ability to respond to increase oxygen demand
this protein triggers sodium excretion and a decrease in volume? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
these protein levels increase as ventricular pressure increase in order to rid the
body of excess fluid? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
BNP level greater than _____ suggests what? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-BNP levels
greater than 100 suggest heart failure
contrast medium is contraindicated in what type of patients? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
patients who are allergic to iodine, shellfish or seafood
patients who are pregnant or has elevated creatinine levels
contrast medium is? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-nephrotoxic
Premature Ventricular Contractions could trigger ? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-life
threatening dysrthymias
therapeutic INR levels for coumadin when used for a-fib is? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
INR 2-3
complication that may occur following cardiac catherization? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
fatal dysrhythmias
, Adventitious sound heard of the lower airway narrowing? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
wheezing
fluid accumulation in the lower basis of the lungs, you will hear what sound? -
(correct answer)✔️✔️-crackles
what suggest increase pressure and filling volumes in the ventricles? - (correct
answer)✔️✔️-JVD
Peripheral edema
hepatomegaly
scrotal edema
shortness of breath
crackles
S3 in older adults are significant and may suggest? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-heart
failure
Valve disorders contribute to? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-turbulent blood flow and heart
murmurs
what is an MI? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-blockages or constriction of the coronary
arteries
unresolved ischemia leads to? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-necrosis of myocardial cells and
the release of enzymes (CK-MB creatine) and proteins (Troponin, Troponin 1, kinase,
and myoglobin) into the blood stream
blood flow through the right atrium is done through? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-the
inferior and superior vena cava
this initiates the impulse that causes atrial contraction? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-
Sinostrial (SA) node
the SA node is observed by what wave on the the EKG? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-the P
wave
Depolorization results in? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-cardiac contraction
Repolarization results in? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-return of the chambers to a resting
state
Cardiac output? - (correct answer)✔️✔️-total amount of blood that leaves the
ventricles in one minute. Normal is 4-6 L
