Blood CHAPTER 19
functions :
·
Transporting respiratory gases nutrients , ,
wastes ,
and hormones
Regulating pH fluid volume and temperature
·
, ,
Protection against blood loss by clotting and immune defenses
·
Blood Constituents
·
specialized fluid , , connective tissue
·
viscous and more dense than water
composed of cells (45%) suspended in a slightly warmer than body temp.
·
salt-water and protein solution called slightly alkaline pH (1 35 -1 45)
·
. .
plasma (55% ) 5 quarts 5L
·
~8 % body weight 5-6 (males 4-51
·
females
·
,
Hematocrit =
RBC/ out of total blood volume
male % is slightly higher than Female 47 % in males , 42% infemales
· ·
RBC by volume RBC outnumber WIC about 700 1
· ·
mass
:
Erythrocytes
disCS (shape
·
Biconcave
Gives RBC volume ratio
·
a large surface area to
Allows fast exchange of gases between the inside of the cell and plasma
·
Enables RBCs to form stacks
·
·
Allow RBCs to bend and flex
Anucleate , hardly any organelles
·
Precursor cells : Reticulocytes
·
120-day lifespan
·
ATP production : respiration
·
Anaerobic
Intracellular cytoskeletal protein called spectrin helps biconcave shape
·
maintain
create viscous blood
·
Hemoglobin (globular protein(
280 million molecules per RBC
·
globin chains (2 alpha and 2 beta chains(
·
Each embedded an iron atom (carries oxygen) bound to the heme pigment
·
in the center
oxyhemoglobin-oxygen bound to hemoglobin
·
Deoxyhemoglobin less than 4 oxygen atoms
·
-
carbaminohemoglobin CO2
· -
20% transport this way
·
functions :
·
Transporting respiratory gases nutrients , ,
wastes ,
and hormones
Regulating pH fluid volume and temperature
·
, ,
Protection against blood loss by clotting and immune defenses
·
Blood Constituents
·
specialized fluid , , connective tissue
·
viscous and more dense than water
composed of cells (45%) suspended in a slightly warmer than body temp.
·
salt-water and protein solution called slightly alkaline pH (1 35 -1 45)
·
. .
plasma (55% ) 5 quarts 5L
·
~8 % body weight 5-6 (males 4-51
·
females
·
,
Hematocrit =
RBC/ out of total blood volume
male % is slightly higher than Female 47 % in males , 42% infemales
· ·
RBC by volume RBC outnumber WIC about 700 1
· ·
mass
:
Erythrocytes
disCS (shape
·
Biconcave
Gives RBC volume ratio
·
a large surface area to
Allows fast exchange of gases between the inside of the cell and plasma
·
Enables RBCs to form stacks
·
·
Allow RBCs to bend and flex
Anucleate , hardly any organelles
·
Precursor cells : Reticulocytes
·
120-day lifespan
·
ATP production : respiration
·
Anaerobic
Intracellular cytoskeletal protein called spectrin helps biconcave shape
·
maintain
create viscous blood
·
Hemoglobin (globular protein(
280 million molecules per RBC
·
globin chains (2 alpha and 2 beta chains(
·
Each embedded an iron atom (carries oxygen) bound to the heme pigment
·
in the center
oxyhemoglobin-oxygen bound to hemoglobin
·
Deoxyhemoglobin less than 4 oxygen atoms
·
-
carbaminohemoglobin CO2
· -
20% transport this way
·
